tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-50452861089604047112024-03-13T12:21:21.257-07:00India AwakeningShashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.comBlogger27125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-73658698437754779202011-08-13T11:17:00.001-07:002011-08-13T11:17:42.958-07:00Black money and corruption menace in India: Lecture by Dr. Subramanian Swamy in AtlantaDr. Subramanian Swamy's public lecture on Black Money and Corruption menace in India organized by India Awareness Foundation (IAF) on August 6 (Saturday), 2011 in Atlanta, GA, USA.<br />
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PRESS RELEASE<br />
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In recent months political activism has increased dramatically with many making nationalist demands and challenging the Corruption issues in India. In the forefront have been Baba Ramdev, Anna Hazare, Professor Subramanian Swamy (a visiting professor at Harvard University and President of Janta Party in India), and many others individually or collectively.<br />
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Atlanta was fortunate to witness Professor Swamy reiterate the menace of widespread corruption in India at the Roundtable Luncheon attended by over 200 members of the Diaspora and hosted meticulously by the India Awareness Foundation (IAF), a national advocacy organization and think tank based in Atlanta, on Saturday, August 6, 2011 at Ashiana Banquet Hall, Global Mall, Norcross, GA., USA.<br />
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Dhiru Shah, President of IAF led the Atlanta gathering in a rousing welcome with gratitude for Dr. Swamy for his whirlwind visit to Atlanta despite of his overwhelmingly busy schedule of speaking engagements in the USA. Shah said we all are eagerly waiting for a delightful treat and insightful analysis covering the much neglected aspect of Indian politics, namely Corruption and Black Money. Shah briefly presented an overview of the India Awareness Foundation (IAF) since it’s founding in 1999. Shah added that IAF had strived very hard to create awareness and positive reinforcement on various issues related to India including India’s history, culture, traditions and its social, economic and political affairs.<br />
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Subash Razdan, a well-known national leader introduced Dr. Swamy in his characteristic manner with anecdotes from his association as a student of Dr. Swamy at IIT, Delhi in 1969. Subash humorously described Dr. Swamy as a handsome and articulate intellectual with a tendency to take on the powerful women politicians from India starting from Indira Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi and of course Jayalalita of Tamil Nadu..<br />
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Following his brief introduction, Dr. Swamy took the center stage and for the next hour he captivated his audience with his stagecraft and his spell binding analysis of black money and corruption in India.<br />
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He emphasized that overseas Indians must participate and take active interest in India even though they may be staying thousands of miles away from India. He pointed out that during the independence movement of India; overseas Indians played a very constructive and helpful role. He said that if India is strong, no country can undermine the cause of the Diaspora. He gave the example of the Chinese living abroad who never face the types of human rights abuses that the Indians have to face in their day to day life. He cited the suffering of Hindus as minorities in many foreign countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Fiji, Malaysia, and many other places.<br />
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Moving on the subject of corruption, Dr. Swamy said that as per the prevention of Corruption Act in India, corruption is defined as making personal gains using the political and government office. He elaborated the recent corruption scandals including 2G scam in which billions of dollars bribes were taken by some of the current central and state ministers while allocating the 2G spectrum. Dr. Swamy said that he has filed several legal cases in the Supreme Court of India against the corrupt ministers, businessmen and officials. Some of them have already been sent to the prison and many more will follow them in a short period of time.<br />
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Dr. Swamy then explained the impact of black money on the country. A part of black money generated by such massive corruption scams is siphoned off to foreign countries by way of ‘Hawala’ transactions involving sometimes terrorists and criminal elements. The money stashed away in foreign banks could then be brought back to India via a financial instrument called ‘Participatory Notes’ (PN), which are issued by the international financial organizations like Morgan Stanley, Merrill Lynch etc. The holder of the PN can buy stocks in the Indian stock market legally and when the market goes up he sells these shares and converts the entire proceeds into foreign currency of his choice approved by Reserve Bank of India. He added that it is mind boggling that a tiny tax-haven island, Mauritius has become the biggest investor in India, three times more than USA. Thus, black money held in foreign country is used to manipulate the Indian stock market. He stated that once about $61 billion came into India just in one week alone. He said as per some estimates the amount of such black money stashed away in foreign bank runs between 1/2 to 1.3 trillion dollars. If this money is brought back to India, the country could solve many of its economic problems like infra-structure and build several universities and which will make India as one of the most powerful countries in the world.<br />
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He further stated that black money is also used to buy food grains direct from farmers and then hoarded in warehouses and thereby creating food shortages. Such speculative practices have resulted in 16% inflation in India while India’s GDP growth rate is only 8-9%. Black money is also used to buy luxury goods on a massive scale resulting in a boom in luxury producing industry. He pointed out that today in India 70% of investment is made in production of luxury goods when 300 million people live in poverty. Another use of black money according to him is to buy real estate. This has driven up its prices very high. Dr. Swamy emphasized that therefore it is necessary to remove this corruption; otherwise the country will be ruined.<br />
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Dr. Swamy also mentioned that the German government has recently shown willingness to give the names of the Indians who are holding black money in the Swiss banks. But the present UPA government has been dragging its feet. In spite of the intervention by the Supreme Court, the government is dodging from disclosing the names of the Indians having foreign bank accounts on one ground or another. Swamy added that he had even written to the Prime Minister of India in this regard but the PM has yet to respond.<br />
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Dwelling on the cause of such high level corruption in India, Dr. Swamy said that historically Indian people were basically honest because of the high standard of ethical and moral values based on Sanatan Dharma. While making money was considered completely legitimate, it was clearly understood that it has to be done in an ethical manner which will help the entire society. Such society was known to have very high standards of ethical values in the past wherein all classes of people lived in harmony following the values based on Dharma. However, unfortunately now due to westernization and globalization, the Indian people have forgotten the Dharmic values wherein making money by hook or by crook has become their main goal and objective. This has resulted into massive corruption on a monumental scale which is likely to ruin India if the menace of Corruption remains unchecked. He asked the NRIs to follow the Dharmic duties based on Sanatan Dharma and report corruption issues and money laundering by corrupt politicians to benefit the entire society of their land of origin.<br />
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During the Q & A session, he answered that India’s military is powerful enough to fight back the Chinese and defend the nation effectively. In his opinion, India is likely to overtake China economically in the near future. He felt that the time has come to remove the corrupt and criminal government and bring in a new government which looks after the needs of all sections of the society and which fights the terrorism effectively and forcefully.<br />
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Dr. Swamy received a standing ovation for his lucid articulation.<br />
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IAF then recognized three out of many outstanding leaders of Atlanta community by awards presentation by Dr. Swamy. Aswin Patel of Shakti Mandir for his leadership and philanthropy in creating positive image of India and Indian American in USA; Journalism; Ravi Ponangi of India Tribune for Journalism and for his homage to truth by sharing news and information accurately and objectively with Indian American and mainstream audiences; and Ram Sidhaye for advocacy and for his initiative in creating positive image of India through his populist campaigns against distortion of Hindu history, culture and traditions in Western academia.<br />
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Echoing the sentiments of Dr. Swamy for the need of a Federation, the gathering was quick to heed and launch a new umbrella organization called The Federation of Hindu Association of America (FHAA) with the blessings of Dr. Swamy. In an auspicious Hindu tradition, Sneha Mehta, interim Chairperson, and Indu Dey, interim President, lighted the lamp for its successful launch. The national FHAA plans to endeavor and federate under its umbrella various Hindu organizations, Hindu Temple associations, and Hindu Advocacy groups of the Continent of America with the specific purpose of helping its member organizations to conduct, coordinate, network, and promote activities directed to preserve the Hindu faith, heritage, culture, traditions and language.<br />
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The vote of thanks was given by Swadesh Katoch, a budding young leader of ‘Seva’ organization. Swadesh thanked Mr. Shiv Aggarwal, Ashiana restaurant, audio/video professionals, representatives of Media and numerous volunteers who helped making the event a great success.<br />
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The Master of Ceremony, Amitabh Sharma, an active member of IAF, ensured that the entire program proceeded in a timely and presentable fashion...<br />
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Swamy was in Atlanta, “A City too busy to hate” for less than 24 hours. Yet he displayed the energy and humility to attend and oblige numerous community requests. On Friday, Aug. 5th Dr. Swamy interacted with prominent community leaders on various issues of NRI community interest over Dinner. Next morning, he inaugurated the GOPIO Atlanta office in the Global Mall, which was then followed by the Press Conference with the Indo-Georgia media.<br />
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All those who were present and interested in the well being and future of India found Dr. Swamy’s mesmerizing keynote address especially valuable.Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-50322194083275690172009-07-22T10:23:00.000-07:002009-07-22T10:26:49.220-07:00Fodder Scam India , big leaders never get jailed<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">Fodder Scam</h1><br /><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GrassHay1.jpg" class="image" title="The Fodder Scam involved hundreds of millions of dollars in alleged fraudulent reimbursements from the treasury of Bihar state for fodder, medicines and husbandry supplies for non-existent livestock."><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/GrassHay1.jpg/250px-GrassHay1.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="250" height="117" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GrassHay1.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> The Fodder Scam involved hundreds of millions of dollars in alleged fraudulent reimbursements from the treasury of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> state for fodder, medicines and husbandry supplies for non-existent livestock.</div> </div> </div> <p>The <b>Fodder Scam</b> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>: चारा घोटाला, <i>chārā ghoṭālā</i>) was a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_corruption" title="Political corruption">corruption</a> scandal that involved the alleged <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlement" title="Embezzlement">embezzlement</a> of about <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">Rs.</a> 950 crore (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a> 195.7 million)</span> from the government <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasury" title="Treasury">treasury</a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1997_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-nytimes1997-0"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> The alleged theft spanned many years, was engaged in by many Bihar state government administrative and elected officials across multiple administrations (run by opposing political parties), and involved the fabrication of "vast herds of fictitious livestock" for which fodder, medicines and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_husbandry" title="Animal husbandry">animal husbandry</a> equipment was supposedly procured.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1997_0-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-nytimes1997-0"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-loksabha1999_1-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-loksabha1999-1"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> Although the scandal broke in 1996, the theft had been in progress, and increasing in size, for over two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-tribune2002k_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-tribune2002k-2"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> Besides its magnitude and the duration for which it was said to have existed, the scam was and continues to be covered in Indian media due to the extensive nexus between tenured bureaucrats, elected politicians and businesspeople that it revealed,<sup id="cite_ref-bbc2001_3-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-bbc2001-3"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> and as an example of the <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia_raj" title="Mafia raj" class="mw-redirect">mafia raj</a></i> that has penetrated several state-run economic sectors in the country.</p><script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="The_scam" id="The_scam"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">The scam</span></h2> <p>The scam was said to have its origins in small-scale embezzlement by some government employees submitting false expense reports, which grew in magnitude and drew additional elements, such as politicians and businesses, over time, until a full-fledged mafia had formed.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc2001_3-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-bbc2001-3"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannath_Mishra" title="Jagannath Mishra">Jagannath Mishra</a>, who served his first stint as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Bihar" title="List of Chief Ministers of Bihar">chief minister of Bihar</a> in the mid-1970s, was the earliest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Minister" title="Chief Minister">chief minister</a> to be accused of knowing involvement in the scam.<sup id="cite_ref-tribune1998k_4-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-tribune1998k-4"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>In February 1985, the then <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comptroller_and_Auditor_General" title="Comptroller and Auditor General">Comptroller and Auditor General</a> of India, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T.N._Chaturvedi" title="T.N. Chaturvedi" class="mw-redirect">T.N. Chaturvedi</a>, took notice of delayed monthly account submissions by the Bihar state treasury and departments and wrote to the then Bihar chief minister, Chandrashekhar Singh, warning him that this could be indicative of temporary embezzlement.<sup id="cite_ref-tribune1998l_5-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-tribune1998l-5"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> This initiated a continuous chain of closer scrutiny and warnings by Principal Accountant Generals (PAGs) and CAGs to the Bihar government across the tenures of multiple chief ministers (cutting across party affiliations), but the warnings were ignored in a manner that was suggestive of a pattern by extremely senior political and bureaucratic officials in the Bihar government.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff1997a_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-rediff1997a-6"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> In 1992, Bidhu Bhushan Dvivedi, a police inspector with the state's anti-corruption vigilance unit submitted a report outlining the fodder scam and likely involvement at the chief ministerial level to the director general of the same vigilance unit, G. Narayan.<sup id="cite_ref-singh1999_7-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-singh1999-7"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-index2008b_8-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-index2008b-8"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> In alleged reprisal, Dvivedi was transferred out of the vigilance unit to a different branch of the administration, and then suspended from his position. He was later to be a witness as corruption cases relating to the scam went to trial, and reinstated by order of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhand_High_Court" title="Jharkhand High Court">Jharkhand High Court</a>.</p> <p><a name="Exposure_and_investigation" id="Exposure_and_investigation"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fodder_Scam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Exposure and investigation">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Exposure and investigation</span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laluprasadyadav.jpg" class="image" title="Laloo Prasad Yadav, then chief minister of Bihar, was a prime accused in the fodder scam investigation."><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Laluprasadyadav.jpg/250px-Laluprasadyadav.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="250" height="235" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laluprasadyadav.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laloo_Prasad_Yadav" title="Laloo Prasad Yadav" class="mw-redirect">Laloo Prasad Yadav</a>, then <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_minister" title="Chief minister" class="mw-redirect">chief minister</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, was a prime accused in the fodder scam investigation.</div> </div> </div> <p>On January 27, 1996, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy_Commissioner_%28India%29" title="Deputy Commissioner (India)">deputy commissioner</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Singhbhum" title="West Singhbhum">West Singhbhum</a> district, Amit Khare, acted on information to conduct a raid on the offices of the animal husbandry department in the town of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaibasa" title="Chaibasa">Chaibasa</a> in the district under his authority. The documents his team seized, and went public with, conclusively indicated large-scale embezzlement by an organized mafia of officials and businesspeople.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff1997a_6-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-rediff1997a-6"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Laloo ordered the constitution of a committee to probe the irregularities.<sup id="cite_ref-merinews2008_9-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-merinews2008-9"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> There were fears that state police, which is accountable to the state administration, and the probe committee would not investigate the case vigorously, and demands were raised to transfer the case to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">Central Bureau of Investigation</a> (CBI), which is under federal rather than state jurisdiction. Allegations were also made that several of the probe committee members were themselves complicit in the scam.<sup id="cite_ref-merinews2008_9-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-merinews2008-9"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Interest_Litigation" title="Public Interest Litigation">public interest litigation</a> was filed with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a>, which led to the court's involvement,<sup id="cite_ref-merinews2008_9-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-merinews2008-9"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> and based on the ultimate directions issued by the supreme court, on March 1996, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar_High_Court" title="Bihar High Court" class="mw-redirect">Bihar High Court</a> ordered that the case be handed over to the CBI.<sup id="cite_ref-indiatoday2001_10-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indiatoday2001-10"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>An inquiry by the CBI began and, within days, the CBI filed a submission to the High Court that Bihar officials and legislators were blocking access to documents that could reveal the existence of a politician-official-business mafia nexus at work.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997w_11-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997w-11"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> Some legislators of the Bihar <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidhan_Parishad" title="Vidhan Parishad">Legislative Council</a> responded by claiming the court had been misinformed by the CBI and initiating a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privileged_motion" title="Privileged motion">privilege motion</a> to discuss possible action against senior figures in the regional headquarters of the CBI, which could proceed similar to a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contempt_of_court" title="Contempt of court">contempt of court</a> proceeding and result in stalling the investigation or even prosecution of the named CBI officials.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997w_11-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997w-11"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> However, U N Biswas, the regional CBI director, and the other officials tendered an unqualified apology to the Legislative Council, the privilege motion was dropped, and the CBI probe continued.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997w_11-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997w-11"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> As the investigation proceeded, the CBI unearthed linkages to the serving chief minister of Bihar, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laloo_Prasad_Yadav" title="Laloo Prasad Yadav" class="mw-redirect">Laloo Prasad Yadav</a> and, on May 10, 1997, made a formal request to the federally-appointed <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">governor</a> of Bihar to prosecute Laloo (who is often referred by his first name in Indian media).<sup id="cite_ref-rediff1997b_12-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-rediff1997b-12"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> On the same day, a businessman, Harish Khandelwal, who was one of the accused was found dead on train tracks with a note that stated that he was being coerced by the CBI to turn witness for the prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff1997b_12-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-rediff1997b-12"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> The CBI rejected the charge and its local director, U N Biswas, kept the appeal to the governor in place.<sup id="cite_ref-index2008b_8-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-index2008b-8"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rediff1997b_12-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-rediff1997b-12"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a name="Path_to_prosecution" id="Path_to_prosecution"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Path to prosecution</span></h2> <p>A few days of uncertainty followed the CBI's request to the state governor to prosecute the chief minister. The governor, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._R._Kidwai" title="A. R. Kidwai">A. R. Kidwai</a>, was accountable to the federal government, and had already stated that he would need to be satisfied that strong evidence against Laloo existed before he would permit a formal indictment to proceed.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff1997c_13-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-rediff1997c-13"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> The federal government, led by newly appointed <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">prime minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inder_Kumar_Gujral" title="Inder Kumar Gujral">Inder Kumar Gujral</a> who had just succeeded the short-lived government of the previous prime minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD_Deve_Gowda" title="HD Deve Gowda" class="mw-redirect">HD Deve Gowda</a>, consisted of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition</a> that depended on support from federal legislators affiliated with Laloo for its survival.<sup id="cite_ref-index2008b_8-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-index2008b-8"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1997gs_14-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-nytimes1997gs-14"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> It was also unclear why the CBI had sought the governor's consent in the first place and, when the High Court demanded to know why it was being sought, the CBI stated that it was a "precautionary measure."<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997u_15-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997u-15"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> The High Court, questioning the tactic, warned that it would allow some time for the permission to transpire, but if it sensed a delay, it would force a prosecution on its own authority.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997u_15-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997u-15"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>On June 17, the governor gave permission for Laloo and others to be prosecuted.<sup id="cite_ref-businessstd1997_16-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-businessstd1997-16"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> Five senior Bihar government officials (Mahesh Prasad, science and technology secretary; K. Arumugam, labour secretary; Beck Julius, animal husbandry department secretary; Phoolchand Singh, former finance secretary; Ramraj Ram, former AHD director), the first 4 of whom were <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">IAS</a> officers, were taken into judicial custody on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997dw_17-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997dw-17"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997xgq_18-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997xgq-18"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> The CBI also began preparing a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargesheet" title="Chargesheet">chargesheet</a> against Laloo to be filed in a special court. Expecting to be accused and imprisoned, Laloo filed an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticipatory_bail" title="Anticipatory bail">anticipatory bail</a> petition, which the CBI opposed in a deposition to the court, listing the evidence against Laloo.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997r_19-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997r-19"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> Also, on June 21, fearing that evidence and documentation that might prove essential in further exposing the scam were being destroyed, the CBI conducted raids on Laloo's residence and those of some relatives suspected of complicity.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997s_20-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997s-20"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>On June 23, the CBI filed chargesheets against Laloo and 55 other co-accused<sup id="cite_ref-indiatoday1998_21-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indiatoday1998-21"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup>, including Chandradeo Prasad Verma (a former union minister), Jagannath Mishra (former Bihar chief minister), two members of Laloo's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_%28government%29" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a> (Bhola Ram Toofani and Vidya Sagar Nishad), three Bihar state assembly legislators (RK Rana of the Janata Dal, Jagdish Sharma of the Congress party, and Dhruv Bhagat of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a>) and some current and former IAS officers (including the 4 who were already in custody).<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997xgq_18-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997xgq-18"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> Mishra was granted anticipatory bail by the Bihar state High Court.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997xow_22-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997xow-22"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup> Laloo's anticipatory bail petition, however, was rejected by the same court, and he appealed to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court</a>, which resulted in a final denial of bail on July 29.<sup id="cite_ref-indiatoday1998_21-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indiatoday1998-21"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup> On the same day, Bihar state police were ordered to arrest him.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1997c_23-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-nytimes1997c-23"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> The next day, he was jailed.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1997d_24-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-nytimes1997d-24"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup> Later, the Bihar <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_General_of_Police" title="Director General of Police">Director General of Police</a>, SK Saxena, justified the one-delay delay in arresting Laloo by stating in court that "any precipitate action would have led to police firing and killing of a large number of people."<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997krs_25-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997krs-25"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a name="End_of_Laloo.27s_chief_ministership" id="End_of_Laloo.27s_chief_ministership"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">End of Laloo's chief ministership</span></h2> <p>As it became evident that Laloo would be engulfed in the scandal and its prosecution, demands for him to be removed from the chief ministership had gained momentum both from other parties,<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997ed_26-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997ed-26"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-businessstd1997a_27-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-businessstd1997a-27"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup> as well as within Laloo's own party, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal" title="Janata Dal">Janata Dal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997esq_28-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997esq-28"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup> On July 5, Laloo formally parted ways with the Janata Dal and formed his own party, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a> (or RJD), taking with him virtually all the Janata Dal legislators in the Bihar state assembly,<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997jsy_29-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997jsy-29"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup> and winning a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_of_Confidence" title="Motion of Confidence" class="mw-redirect">vote of confidence</a> in the state assembly a few days later.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997ksg_30-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997ksg-30"><span>[</span>31<span>]</span></a></sup> The RJD continued to support the coalition federal government, however.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997jsy_29-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997jsy-29"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup> With demands for his resignation continuing to mount, on July 25, Laloo resigned from his position, but was able to install his wife, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabri_Devi" title="Rabri Devi">Rabri Devi</a> as the new chief minister on the same day. On July 28, Rabri's new government successfully won another trust vote in the Bihar legislature by a 194-110 vote, thanks to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Congress</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhand_Mukti_Morcha" title="Jharkhand Mukti Morcha">Jharkhand Mukti Morcha</a> parties voting in alignment with the RJD.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997t_31-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997t-31"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Laloo claimed he had been instrumental in helping HD Deve Gowda become the prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997wq_32-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997wq-32"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup> However, there was press speculation that Gowda held a grudge against Laloo for insisting that Gowda step down when Gowda's fledgling government ran into internal coalition squabbles, and this motivated him to push CBI Director <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joginder_Singh_%28CBI_director%29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joginder Singh (CBI director) (page does not exist)">Joginder Singh</a> for Laloo's prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997dw_17-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997dw-17"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997rt_33-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997rt-33"><span>[</span>34<span>]</span></a></sup> Much later, in 2008, Laloo also claimed that Deve Gowda confessed, and "wept and fainted," when Laloo confronted him on inciting the CBI to pursue the prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997wq_32-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997wq-32"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup> Looking retrospectively, Laloo has said that the scam had a lasting negative impact on his political career, and may have ended his prospects to one day be prime minister of India.<sup id="cite_ref-toi2006sq_34-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-toi2006sq-34"><span>[</span>35<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>There were reports that Joginder Singh had violated norms in keeping the new prime minister, IK Gujral, in the dark as he pursued the prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997rt_33-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997rt-33"><span>[</span>34<span>]</span></a></sup> Gujral's own new government also depended on Laloo for support in parliament,<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997ch_35-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997ch-35"><span>[</span>36<span>]</span></a></sup> and Joginder Singh later alleged that Gujral had attempted to block the scam investigation from proceeding.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1998uy_36-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1998uy-36"><span>[</span>37<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tribune2005sk_37-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-tribune2005sk-37"><span>[</span>38<span>]</span></a></sup> On June 30, the federal government issued orders to transfer Singh out of the CBI and into the Home Ministry as a Special Secretary,<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997ch_35-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997ch-35"><span>[</span>36<span>]</span></a></sup> which was technically a promotion but also had the effect of removing him from the investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997jb_38-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997jb-38"><span>[</span>39<span>]</span></a></sup> There was also an alleged follow-on move to transfer UN Biswas, the regional CBI director, which led to the High Court warning that it would act to disallow any such transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997gb_39-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997gb-39"><span>[</span>40<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a name="Prosecution" id="Prosecution"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Prosecution</span></h2> <p>As the CBI discovered further evidence over the following years, it filed additional cases related to fraud and criminal conspiracy based on specific criminal acts of illegal withdrawals from the Bihar treasury. Most new cases filed after the division of Bihar state (into the new Bihar and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> states) in November 2000 were filed in the new Jharkhand High Court located in Ranchi, and several cases previously filed in the Bihar High Court in Patna were also transferred to Ranchi. Of the 63 cases that the agency had filed by May 2007, the majority were being litigated in the Ranchi High Court.<sup id="cite_ref-toi2007jsd_40-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-toi2007jsd-40"><span>[</span>41<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-outlookindia2007shq_41-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-outlookindia2007shq-41"><span>[</span>42<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Laloo's initial chargesheet, filed by the CBI on 27 April 1996, was against case RC 20-A/96, relating to fraudulent withdrawals of <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">Rs.</a> 37 crore (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a> 7.62 million)</span> from the Chaibasa treasury of the (then) Bihar government,<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1997xgq_18-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1997xgq-18"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> and was based on statutes including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Penal_Code" title="Indian Penal Code">Indian Penal Code</a> sections 420 (cheating) and 120(B) (criminal conspiracy), as well as section 13(2) of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_of_Corruption_Act,_1988" title="Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988">Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tribune2000fc_42-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-tribune2000fc-42"><span>[</span>43<span>]</span></a></sup> Even though he had been jailed, he was kept in relative comfort at the Bihar Military Police guest house.<sup id="cite_ref-frontline2001hvd_43-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-frontline2001hvd-43"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup> After 135 days in judicial custody, Laloo was released on bail on December 12, 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-pti1997jsd_44-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-pti1997jsd-44"><span>[</span>45<span>]</span></a></sup> The next year, on 28 October 1998, he was rearrested on a different conspiracy case relating to the fodder scam, at first being kept in the same guest house, but then being moved to Patna's Beur jail when the Supreme Court objected.<sup id="cite_ref-frontline2001hvd_43-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-frontline2001hvd-43"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-indexp1999hr_45-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1999hr-45"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup> After being granted bail, he was rearrested yet again in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disproportionate_assets" title="Disproportionate assets" class="mw-redirect">disproportionate assets</a> case on 5 April 2000. His wife and then Chief Minister Rabri Devi was also asked to surrender on that date, but then immediately granted bail.<sup id="cite_ref-frontline2001hvd_43-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-frontline2001hvd-43"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup> This stint in prison lasted 11 days for Laloo, followed by a one-day imprisonment in another fodder scam case on 28 November 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-frontline2001hvd_43-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-frontline2001hvd-43"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Jagannath Mishra had been permitted bail in June 1997, and avoided judicial remand when Laloo was first detained in July 1997. However, he was taken into custody on 16 September of the same year. He was freed on bail on 13 October but then remanded again, at the same time as Laloo, on October 28, 1998, when he was kept at the same guest house as Laloo, and later shifted to Beur jail along with him.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1999hr_45-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1999hr-45"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-indexp1998lcr_46-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1998lcr-46"><span>[</span>47<span>]</span></a></sup> Mishra was freed on bail on December 18,<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1999hr_45-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1999hr-45"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup> but then rearrested in a different fodder scam case on 7 June 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc2000hsj_47-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-bbc2000hsj-47"><span>[</span>48<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Due to the multiplicity of cases, Laloo Yadav, Jagannath Mishra, and the other accused have been remanded several times in the years since 2000. In 2007, 58 former officials and suppliers were convicted, and given terms of 5 to 6 years each.<sup id="cite_ref-indexp1999hr_45-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-indexp1999hr-45"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup> As of May 2007, about 200 people had been punished with jail terms of between 2 and 7 years.<sup id="cite_ref-toi2007jsd_40-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-toi2007jsd-40"><span>[</span>41<span>]</span></a></sup> A 2005 litigation of one of the cases (RC 68-A/96) in the Ranchi High Court involved over 20 truckloads of documents.<sup id="cite_ref-onlypunjab2005_48-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-onlypunjab2005-48"><span>[</span>49<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a name="Impact" id="Impact"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fodder_Scam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Impact">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Impact</span></h2> <p>Since it broke into public light, the fodder scam has become symbolic of bureaucratic corruption and the criminalization of politics in India generally, and in Bihar in particular. It has been called a symptom of the "deep and chronic malady afflicting the Bihar government and quite a few other state governments as well."<sup id="cite_ref-epw1997sd_49-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-epw1997sd-49"><span>[</span>50<span>]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">Indian parliament</a>, it was cited as an important indicator of the deep inroads made by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia_raj" title="Mafia raj" class="mw-redirect">mafia raj</a> in the politics and economics of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-loksabha1997yht_50-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-loksabha1997yht-50"><span>[</span>51<span>]</span></a></sup> Reference has also been made to the anarchic nature of governance (the "withering away of the state") that occurs when a mafia develops in a state-controlled sector of the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-gehlot2002_51-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder_Scam#cite_note-gehlot2002-51"><span>[</span>52<span>]</span></a></sup></p> Laloo Prasad Yadav is the only person on whom the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> debated for a complete session as the official agendaShashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-46321161311196542832009-07-22T10:20:00.000-07:002009-07-22T10:21:35.534-07:00How to save INDIA from corruption by using RTI Act?In this article we have talked about the RTI (Right to Information) act. This act, has given the people, the power to CHANGE the country. The RTI act has made the inner working of the Govt. transparent! If YOU, the average citizen learns to use this act, YOU can change the country.<br /><br />In this article, we have told you everything that you need to know about the RTI Act, how you can use it, how it affects you etc! Even if you know nothing about “politics” or “laws” do not worry. This article is written in a very simple and easy to understand way keeping the lay man in mind.<br /><br />If you think that the RTI Act does not affect you, "YOU ARE WRONG!"<br /><br />If you are a citizen of Indian, the RTI Act has given you a lot of power that you can and must use.<br /><br />For example, next time you ask for a “phone line” or a “water connection”, if you use the RTI Act, you can get your work done quickly. You will not have to make 15 trips to the Govt. offices and bribe and beg the officials to get your work done. RTI has changed all that. Though this article we will show you how to use RTI, to get your work done! <br /><br />Are the roads outside your house terrible, RTI will help you solve the problem. Is there a problem of un-hygiene in your area, RTI will help you solve your problem.<br /><br />If you are young and cannot appreciate all the above points, then believe us that sooner or later you will have to go and get some of your work done though Govt. offices. When you do, you will appreciate the power RTI. But, by then it will be too late.<br /><br />Why? Because there is talk about RTI being changed so that the power is taken away from the people. In this article we have showed you how you can fight this and support RTI.<br /><br />Basically, if you are an Indian, YOU MUST read this! Not only that, do tell as many people as you can to also read this. Do this for your country!<br /><br />Now, in the next section we shall try to understand what the RTI Act is all about...Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-89765272335033537522009-07-22T10:13:00.000-07:002009-07-22T10:15:26.470-07:00Arundhati Roy: Mumbai was not India'a 9/11We've forfeited the rights to our own tragedies. As the carnage in Mumbai raged on, day after horrible day, our 24-hour news channels informed us that we were watching "India's 9/11". Like actors in a Bollywood rip-off of an old Hollywood film, we're expected to play our parts and say our lines, even though we know it's all been said and done before.<br /><br />As tension in the region builds, US Senator John McCain has warned Pakistan that if it didn't act fast to arrest the "Bad Guys" he had personal information that India would launch air strikes on "terrorist camps" in Pakistan and that Washington could do nothing because Mumbai was India's 9/11.<br /><br />But November isn't September, 2008 isn't 2001, Pakistan isn't Afghanistan and India isn't America. So perhaps we should reclaim our tragedy and pick through the debris with our own brains and our own broken hearts so that we can arrive at our own conclusions.<br /><br />It's odd how in the last week of November thousands of people in Kashmir supervised by thousands of Indian troops lined up to cast their vote, while the richest quarters of India's richest city ended up looking like war-torn Kupwara – one of Kashmir's most ravaged districts.<br /><br />The Mumbai attacks are only the most recent of a spate of terrorist attacks on Indian towns and cities this year. Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Delhi, Guwahati, Jaipur and Malegaon have all seen serial bomb blasts in which hundreds of ordinary people have been killed and wounded. If the police are right about the people they have arrested as suspects, both Hindu and Muslim, all Indian nationals, it obviously indicates that something's going very badly wrong in this country.<br /><br />If you were watching television you may not have heard that ordinary people too died in Mumbai. They were mowed down in a busy railway station and a public hospital. The terrorists did not distinguish between poor and rich. They killed both with equal cold-bloodedness. The Indian media, however, was transfixed by the rising tide of horror that breached the glittering barricades of India Shining and spread its stench in the marbled lobbies and crystal ballrooms of two incredibly luxurious hotels and a small Jewish centre.<br /><br />We're told one of these hotels is an icon of the city of Mumbai. That's absolutely true. It's an icon of the easy, obscene injustice that ordinary Indians endure every day. On a day when the newspapers were full of moving obituaries by beautiful people about the hotel rooms they had stayed in, the gourmet restaurants they loved (ironically one was called Kandahar), and the staff who served them, a small box on the top left-hand corner in the inner pages of a national newspaper (sponsored by a pizza company I think) said "Hungry, kya?" (Hungry eh?). It then, with the best of intentions I'm sure, informed its readers that on the international hunger index, India ranked below Sudan and Somalia. But of course this isn't that war. That one's still being fought in the Dalit bastis of our villages, on the banks of the Narmada and the Koel Karo rivers; in the rubber estate in Chengara; in the villages of Nandigram, Singur, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, Lalgarh in West Bengal and the slums and shantytowns of our gigantic cities.<br /><br />That war isn't on TV. Yet. So maybe, like everyone else, we should deal with the one that is.<br /><br />There is a fierce, unforgiving fault-line that runs through the contemporary discourse on terrorism. On one side (let's call it Side A) are those who see terrorism, especially "Islamist" terrorism, as a hateful, insane scourge that spins on its own axis, in its own orbit and has nothing to do with the world around it, nothing to do with history, geography or economics. Therefore, Side A says, to try and place it in a political context, or even try to understand it, amounts to justifying it and is a crime in itself.<br /><br />Side B believes that though nothing can ever excuse or justify terrorism, it exists in a particular time, place and political context, and to refuse to see that will only aggravate the problem and put more and more people in harm's way. Which is a crime in itself.<br /><br />The sayings of Hafiz Saeed, who founded the Lashkar-e-Taiba (Army of the Pure) in 1990 and who belongs to the hardline Salafi tradition of Islam, certainly bolsters the case of Side A. Hafiz Saeed approves of suicide bombing, hates Jews, Shias and Democracy and believes that jihad should be waged until Islam, his Islam, rules the world. Among the things he said are: "There cannot be any peace while India remains intact. Cut them, cut them so much that they kneel before you and ask for mercy."<br /><br />And: "India has shown us this path. We would like to give India a tit-for-tat response and reciprocate in the same way by killing the Hindus, just like it is killing the Muslims in Kashmir."<br /><br />But where would Side A accommodate the sayings of Babu Bajrangi of Ahmedabad, India, who sees himself as a democrat, not a terrorist? He was one of the major lynchpins of the 2002 Gujarat genocide and has said (on camera): "We didn't spare a single Muslim shop, we set everything on fire … we hacked, burned, set on fire … we believe in setting them on fire because these bastards don't want to be cremated, they're afraid of it … I have just one last wish … let me be sentenced to death … I don't care if I'm hanged ... just give me two days before my hanging and I will go and have a field day in Juhapura where seven or eight lakhs [seven or eight hundred thousand] of these people stay ... I will finish them off … let a few more of them die ... at least 25,000 to 50,000 should die."<br /><br />And where, in Side A's scheme of things, would we place the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh bible, We, or, Our Nationhood Defined by MS Golwalkar, who became head of the RSS in 1944. It says: "Ever since that evil day, when Moslems first landed in Hindustan, right up to the present moment, the Hindu Nation has been gallantly fighting on to take on these despoilers. The Race Spirit has been awakening."<br />Or: "To keep up the purity of its race and culture, Germany shocked the world by her purging the country of the Semitic races – the Jews. Race pride at its highest has been manifested here ... a good lesson for us in Hindustan to learn and profit by."<br /><br />(Of course Muslims are not the only people in the gun sights of the Hindu right. Dalits have been consistently targeted. Recently in Kandhamal in Orissa, Christians were the target of two and a half months of violence which left more than 40 dead. Forty thousand people have been driven from their homes, half of who now live in refugee camps.)<br /><br />All these years Hafiz Saeed has lived the life of a respectable man in Lahore as the head of the Jamaat-ud Daawa, which many believe is a front organization for the Lashkar-e-Taiba. He continues to recruit young boys for his own bigoted jehad with his twisted, fiery sermons. On December 11 the UN imposed sanctions on the Jammat-ud-Daawa. The Pakistani government succumbed to international pressure and put Hafiz Saeed under house arrest. Babu Bajrangi, however, is out on bail and lives the life of a respectable man in Gujarat. A couple of years after the genocide he left the VHP to join the Shiv Sena. Narendra Modi, Bajrangi's former mentor, is still the chief minister of Gujarat. So the man who presided over the Gujarat genocide was re-elected twice, and is deeply respected by India's biggest corporate houses, Reliance and Tata.<br /><br />Suhel Seth, a TV impresario and corporate spokesperson, recently said: "Modi is God." The policemen who supervised and sometimes even assisted the rampaging Hindu mobs in Gujarat have been rewarded and promoted. The RSS has 45,000 branches, its own range of charities and 7 million volunteers preaching its doctrine of hate across India. They include Narendra Modi, but also former prime minister AB Vajpayee, current leader of the opposition LK Advani, and a host of other senior politicians, bureaucrats and police and intelligence officers.<br /><br />If that's not enough to complicate our picture of secular democracy, we should place on record that there are plenty of Muslim organisations within India preaching their own narrow bigotry.<br /><br />So, on balance, if I had to choose between Side A and Side B, I'd pick Side B. We need context. Always.<br /><br />In this nuclear subcontinent that context is partition. The Radcliffe Line, which separated India and Pakistan and tore through states, districts, villages, fields, communities, water systems, homes and families, was drawn virtually overnight. It was Britain's final, parting kick to us. Partition triggered the massacre of more than a million people and the largest migration of a human population in contemporary history. Eight million people, Hindus fleeing the new Pakistan, Muslims fleeing the new kind of India left their homes with nothing but the clothes on their backs.<br /><br />Each of those people carries and passes down a story of unimaginable pain, hate, horror but yearning too. That wound, those torn but still unsevered muscles, that blood and those splintered bones still lock us together in a close embrace of hatred, terrifying familiarity but also love. It has left Kashmir trapped in a nightmare from which it can't seem to emerge, a nightmare that has claimed more than 60,000 lives. Pakistan, the Land of the Pure, became an Islamic Republic, and then, very quickly a corrupt, violent military state, openly intolerant of other faiths. India on the other hand declared herself an inclusive, secular democracy. It was a magnificent undertaking, but Babu Bajrangi's predecessors had been hard at work since the 1920s, dripping poison into India's bloodstream, undermining that idea of India even before it was born.<br /><br />By 1990 they were ready to make a bid for power. In 1992 Hindu mobs exhorted by LK Advani stormed the Babri Masjid and demolished it. By 1998 the BJP was in power at the centre. The US war on terror put the wind in their sails. It allowed them to do exactly as they pleased, even to commit genocide and then present their fascism as a legitimate form of chaotic democracy. This happened at a time when India had opened its huge market to international finance and it was in the interests of international corporations and the media houses they owned to project it as a country that could do no wrong. That gave Hindu nationalists all the impetus and the impunity they needed.<br /><br />This, then, is the larger historical context of terrorism in the subcontinent and of the Mumbai attacks. It shouldn't surprise us that Hafiz Saeed of the Lashkar-e-Taiba is from Shimla (India) and LK Advani of the Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh is from Sindh (Pakistan).<br /><br />In much the same way as it did after the 2001 parliament attack, the 2002 burning of the Sabarmati Express and the 2007 bombing of the Samjhauta Express, the government of India announced that it has "incontrovertible" evidence that the Lashkar-e-Taiba backed by Pakistan's ISI was behind the Mumbai strikes. The Lashkar has denied involvement, but remains the prime accused. According to the police and intelligence agencies the Lashkar operates in India through an organisation called the Indian Mujahideen. Two Indian nationals, Sheikh Mukhtar Ahmed, a Special Police Officer working for the Jammu and Kashmir police, and Tausif Rehman, a resident of Kolkata in West Bengal, have been arrested in connection with the Mumbai attacks.<br /><br />So already the neat accusation against Pakistan is getting a little messy. Almost always, when these stories unspool, they reveal a complicated global network of foot soldiers, trainers, recruiters, middlemen and undercover intelligence and counter-intelligence operatives working not just on both sides of the India-Pakistan border, but in several countries simultaneously. In today's world, trying to pin down the provenance of a terrorist strike and isolate it within the borders of a single nation state is very much like trying to pin down the provenance of corporate money. It's almost impossible.<br /><br />In circumstances like these, air strikes to "take out" terrorist camps may take out the camps, but certainly will not "take out" the terrorists. Neither will war. (Also, in our bid for the moral high ground, let's try not to forget that the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, the LTTE of neighbouring Sri Lanka, one of the world's most deadly terrorist groups, were trained by the Indian army.)<br /><br />Thanks largely to the part it was forced to play as America's ally first in its war in support of the Afghan Islamists and then in its war against them, Pakistan, whose territory is reeling under these contradictions, is careening towards civil war. As recruiting agents for America's jihad against the Soviet Union, it was the job of the Pakistan army and the ISI to nurture and channel funds to Islamic fundamentalist organizations. Having wired up these Frankensteins and released them into the world, the US expected it could rein them in like pet mastiffs whenever it wanted to.<br /><br />Certainly it did not expect them to come calling in heart of the Homeland on September 11. So once again, Afghanistan had to be violently remade. Now the debris of a re-ravaged Afghanistan has washed up on Pakistan's borders. Nobody, least of all the Pakistan government, denies that it is presiding over a country that is threatening to implode. The terrorist training camps, the fire-breathing mullahs and the maniacs who believe that Islam will, or should, rule the world is mostly the detritus of two Afghan wars. Their ire rains down on the Pakistan government and Pakistani civilians as much, if not more than it does on India.<br /><br />If at this point India decides to go to war perhaps the descent of the whole region into chaos will be complete. The debris of a bankrupt, destroyed Pakistan will wash up on India's shores, endangering us as never before. If Pakistan collapses, we can look forward to having millions of "non-state actors" with an arsenal of nuclear weapons at their disposal as neighbours. It's hard to understand why those who steer India's ship are so keen to replicate Pakistan's mistakes and call damnation upon this country by inviting the United States to further meddle clumsily and dangerously in our extremely complicated affairs. A superpower never has allies. It only has agents.<br /><br />On the plus side, the advantage of going to war is that it's the best way for India to avoid facing up to the serious trouble building on our home front. The Mumbai attacks were broadcast live (and exclusive!) on all or most of our 67 24-hour news channels and god knows how many international ones. TV anchors in their studios and journalists at "ground zero" kept up an endless stream of excited commentary. Over three days and three nights we watched in disbelief as a small group of very young men armed with guns and gadgets exposed the powerlessness of the police, the elite National Security Guard and the marine commandos of this supposedly mighty, nuclear-powered nation.<br /><br />While they did this they indiscriminately massacred unarmed people, in railway stations, hospitals and luxury hotels, unmindful of their class, caste, religion or nationality. (Part of the helplessness of the security forces had to do with having to worry about hostages. In other situations, in Kashmir for example, their tactics are not so sensitive. Whole buildings are blown up. Human shields are used. The U.S and Israeli armies don't hesitate to send cruise missiles into buildings and drop daisy cutters on wedding parties in Palestine, Iraq and Afghanistan.) But this was different. And it was on TV.<br /><br />The boy-terrorists' nonchalant willingness to kill – and be killed – mesmerised their international audience. They delivered something different from the usual diet of suicide bombings and missile attacks that people have grown inured to on the news. Here was something new. Die Hard 25. The gruesome performance went on and on. TV ratings soared. Ask any television magnate or corporate advertiser who measures broadcast time in seconds, not minutes, what that's worth.<br /><br />Eventually the killers died and died hard, all but one. (Perhaps, in the chaos, some escaped. We may never know.) Throughout the standoff the terrorists made no demands and expressed no desire to negotiate. Their purpose was to kill people and inflict as much damage as they could before they were killed themselves. They left us completely bewildered. When we say "nothing can justify terrorism", what most of us mean is that nothing can justify the taking of human life. We say this because we respect life, because we think it's precious. So what are we to make of those who care nothing for life, not even their own? The truth is that we have no idea what to make of them, because we can sense that even before they've died, they've journeyed to another world where we cannot reach them.<br /><br />One TV channel (India TV) broadcast a phone conversation with one of the attackers, who called himself Imran Babar. I cannot vouch for the veracity of the conversation, but the things he talked about were the things contained in the "terror emails" that were sent out before several other bomb attacks in India. Things we don't want to talk about any more: the demolition of the Babri Masjid in 1992, the genocidal slaughter of Muslims in Gujarat in 2002, the brutal repression in Kashmir. "You're surrounded," the anchor told him. "You are definitely going to die. Why don't you surrender?"<br /><br />"We die every day," he replied in a strange, mechanical way. "It's better to live one day as a lion and then die this way." He didn't seem to want to change the world. He just seemed to want to take it down with him.<br /><br />If the men were indeed members of the Lashkar-e-Taiba, why didn't it matter to them that a large number of their victims were Muslim, or that their action was likely to result in a severe backlash against the Muslim community in India whose rights they claim to be fighting for? Terrorism is a heartless ideology, and like most ideologies that have their eye on the Big Picture, individuals don't figure in their calculations except as collateral damage. It has always been a part of and often even the aim of terrorist strategy to exacerbate a bad situation in order to expose hidden faultlines. The blood of "martyrs" irrigates terrorism. Hindu terrorists need dead Hindus, Communist terrorists need dead proletarians, Islamist terrorists need dead Muslims. The dead become the demonstration, the proof of victimhood, which is central to the project. A single act of terrorism is not in itself meant to achieve military victory; at best it is meant to be a catalyst that triggers something else, something much larger than itself, a tectonic shift, a realignment. The act itself is theatre, spectacle and symbolism, and today, the stage on which it pirouettes and performs its acts of bestiality is Live TV. Even as the attack was being condemned by TV anchors, the effectiveness of the terror strikes were being magnified a thousandfold by TV broadcasts.<br /><br />Through the endless hours of analysis and the endless op-ed essays, in India at least there has been very little mention of the elephants in the room: Kashmir, Gujarat and the demolition of the Babri Masjid. Instead we had retired diplomats and strategic experts debate the pros and cons of a war against Pakistan. We had the rich threatening not to pay their taxes unless their security was guaranteed (is it alright for the poor to remain unprotected?). We had people suggest that the government step down and each state in India be handed over to a separate corporation. We had the death of former prime minster VP Singh, the hero of Dalits and lower castes and villain of Upper caste Hindus pass without a mention.<br /><br />We had Suketu Mehta, author of Maximum City and co-writer of the Bollywood film Mission Kashmir, give us his version of George Bush's famous "Why they hate us" speech. His analysis of why religious bigots, both Hindu and Muslim hate Mumbai: "Perhaps because Mumbai stands for lucre, profane dreams and an indiscriminate openness." His prescription: "The best answer to the terrorists is to dream bigger, make even more money, and visit Mumbai more than ever." Didn't George Bush ask Americans to go out and shop after 9/11? Ah yes. 9/11, the day we can't seem to get away from.<br /><br />Though one chapter of horror in Mumbai has ended, another might have just begun. Day after day, a powerful, vociferous section of the Indian elite, goaded by marauding TV anchors who make Fox News look almost radical and leftwing, have taken to mindlessly attacking politicians, all politicians, glorifying the police and the army and virtually asking for a police state. It isn't surprising that those who have grown plump on the pickings of democracy (such as it is) should now be calling for a police state. The era of "pickings" is long gone. We're now in the era of Grabbing by Force, and democracy has a terrible habit of getting in the way.<br /><br />Dangerous, stupid television flashcards like the Police are Good Politicians are Bad/Chief Executives are Good Chief Ministers are Bad/Army is Good Government is Bad/ India is Good Pakistan is Bad are being bandied about by TV channels that have already whipped their viewers into a state of almost uncontrollable hysteria.<br /><br />Tragically, this regression into intellectual infancy comes at a time when people in India were beginning to see that in the business of terrorism, victims and perpetrators sometimes exchange roles. It's an understanding that the people of Kashmir, given their dreadful experiences of the last 20 years, have honed to an exquisite art. On the mainland we're still learning. (If Kashmir won't willingly integrate into India, it's beginning to look as though India will integrate/disintegrate into Kashmir.)<br /><br />It was after the 2001 parliament attack that the first serious questions began to be raised. A campaign by a group of lawyers and activists exposed how innocent people had been framed by the police and the press, how evidence was fabricated, how witnesses lied, how due process had been criminally violated at every stage of the investigation. Eventually the courts acquitted two out of the four accused, including SAR Geelani, the man whom the police claimed was the mastermind of the operation. A third, Showkat Guru, was acquitted of all the charges brought against him but was then convicted for a fresh, comparatively minor offence. The supreme court upheld the death sentence of another of the accused, Mohammad Afzal. In its judgment the court acknowledged there was no proof that Mohammed Afzal belonged to any terrorist group, but went on to say, quite shockingly, "The collective conscience of the society will only be satisfied if capital punishment is awarded to the offender." Even today we don't really know who the terrorists that attacked the Indian parliament were and who they worked for.<br /><br />More recently, on September 19 this year, we had the controversial "encounter" at Batla House in Jamia Nagar, Delhi, where the Special Cell of the Delhi police gunned down two Muslim students in their rented flat under seriously questionable circumstances, claiming that they were responsible for serial bombings in Delhi, Jaipur and Ahmedabad in 2008. An assistant commissioner of Police, Mohan Chand Sharma, who played a key role in the parliament attack investigation, lost his life as well. He was one of India's many "encounter specialists" known and rewarded for having summarily executed several "terrorists". There was an outcry against the Special Cell from a spectrum of people, ranging from eyewitnesses in the local community to senior Congress Party leaders, students, journalists, lawyers, academics and activists all of whom demanded a judicial inquiry into the incident. In response, the BJP and LK Advani lauded Mohan Chand Sharma as a "Braveheart" and launched a concerted campaign in which they targeted those who had dared to question the integrity of the police, saying it was "suicidal" and calling them "anti-national". Of course there has been no inquiry.<br /><br />Only days after the Batla House event, another story about "terrorists" surfaced in the news. In a report submitted to a sessions court, the CBI said that a team from Delhi's Special Cell (the same team that led the Batla House encounter, including Mohan Chand Sharma) had abducted two innocent men, Irshad Ali and Moarif Qamar, in December 2005, planted 2kg of RDX and two pistols on them and then arrested them as "terrorists" who belonged to Al Badr (which operates out of Kashmir). Ali and Qamar who have spent years in jail, are only two examples out of hundreds of Muslims who have been similarly jailed, tortured and even killed on false charges.<br /><br />This pattern changed in October 2008 when Maharashtra's Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS) that was investigating the September 2008 Malegaon blasts arrested a Hindu preacher Sadhvi Pragya, a self-styled God man Swami Dayanand Pande and Lt Col Purohit, a serving officer of the Indian Army. All the arrested belong to Hindu Nationalist organizations including a Hindu Supremacist group called Abhinav Bharat. The Shiv Sena, the BJP and the RSS condemned the Maharashtra ATS, and vilified its chief, Hemant Karkare, claiming he was part of a political conspiracy and declaring that "Hindus could not be terrorists". LK Advani changed his mind about his policy on the police and made rabble rousing speeches to huge gatherings in which he denounced the ATS for daring to cast aspersions on holy men and women.<br /><br />On the November 25 newspapers reported that the ATS was investigating the high profile VHP Chief Pravin Togadia's possible role in the Malegaon blasts. The next day, in an extraordinary twist of fate, Hemant Karkare was killed in the Mumbai Attacks. The chances are that the new chief whoever he is, will find it hard to withstand the political pressure that is bound to be brought on him over the Malegaon investigation.<br /><br />While the Sangh Parivar does not seem to have come to a final decision over whether or not it is anti-national and suicidal to question the police, Arnab Goswami, anchorperson of Times Now television, has stepped up to the plate. He has taken to naming, demonising and openly heckling people who have dared to question the integrity of the police and armed forces. My name and the name of the well-known lawyer Prashant Bhushan have come up several times. At one point, while interviewing a former police officer, Arnab Goswami turned to camera: "Arundhati Roy and Prashant Bhushan," he said, "I hope you are watching this. We think you are disgusting." For a TV anchor to do this in an atmosphere as charged and as frenzied as the one that prevails today, amounts to incitement as well as threat, and would probably in different circumstances have cost a journalist his or her job.<br /><br />So according to a man aspiring to be the next prime minister of India, and another who is the public face of a mainstream TV channel, citizens have no right to raise questions about the police. This in a country with a shadowy history of suspicious terror attacks, murky investigations, and fake "encounters". This in a country that boasts of the highest number of custodial deaths in the world and yet refuses to ratify the International Covenant on Torture. A country where the ones who make it to torture chambers are the lucky ones because at least they've escaped being "encountered" by our Encounter Specialists. A country where the line between the Underworld and the Encounter Specialists virtually does not exist.<br /><br />How should those of us whose hearts have been sickened by the knowledge of all of this view the Mumbai attacks, and what are we to do about them? There are those who point out that US strategy has been successful inasmuch as the United States has not suffered a major attack on its home ground since 9/11. However, some would say that what America is suffering now is far worse. If the idea behind the 9/11 terror attacks was to goad America into showing its true colors, what greater success could the terrorists have asked for? The US army is bogged down in two unwinnable wars, which have made the United States the most hated country in the world. Those wars have contributed greatly to the unraveling of the American economy and who knows, perhaps eventually the American empire. (Could it be that battered, bombed Afghanistan, the graveyard of the Soviet Union, will be the undoing of this one too?) Hundreds of thousands people including thousands of American soldiers have lost their lives in Iraq and Afghanistan. The frequency of terrorist strikes on U.S allies/agents (including India) and U.S interests in the rest of the world has increased dramatically since 9/11. George Bush, the man who led the US response to 9/11 is a despised figure not just internationally, but also by his own people. Who can possibly claim that the United States is winning the war on terror?<br /><br />Homeland Security has cost the US government billions of dollars. Few countries, certainly not India, can afford that sort of price tag. But even if we could, the fact is that this vast homeland of ours cannot be secured or policed in the way the United States has been. It's not that kind of homeland. We have a hostile nuclear weapons state that is slowly spinning out of control as a neighbour, we have a military occupation in Kashmir and a shamefully persecuted, impoverished minority of more than 150 million Muslims who are being targeted as a community and pushed to the wall, whose young see no justice on the horizon, and who, were they to totally lose hope and radicalise, end up as a threat not just to India, but to the whole world. If ten men can hold off the NSG commandos, and the police for three days, and if it takes half a million soldiers to hold down the Kashmir valley, do the math. What kind of Homeland Security can secure India?<br /><br />Nor for that matter will any other quick fix. Anti-terrorism laws are not meant for terrorists; they're for people that governments don't like. That's why they have a conviction rate of less than 2%. They're just a means of putting inconvenient people away without bail for a long time and eventually letting them go. Terrorists like those who attacked Mumbai are hardly likely to be deterred by the prospect of being refused bail or being sentenced to death. It's what they want.<br /><br />What we're experiencing now is blowback, the cumulative result of decades of quick fixes and dirty deeds. The carpet's squelching under our feet.<br /><br />The only way to contain (it would be naïve to say end) terrorism is to look at the monster in the mirror. We're standing at a fork in the road. One sign says Justice, the other Civil War. There's no third sign and there's no going back. Choose.Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-68329972603012681292009-07-22T10:12:00.000-07:002009-07-22T10:13:43.047-07:00All terrorism roads lead to Pakistan, says Salman RushdieDescribing Pakistan as the centre of world terrorism, renowned author Salman Rushdie has slammed Islamabad for its "cynical denial" that the terrorists involved in Mumbai attacks were not its nationals.<br />DNA<br />Salman Rushdie has slammed Islamabad for its "cynical denial" that the terrorists involved in Mumbai attacks were not its nationals.<br /><br />Participating in a panel discussion at the Asia Society, Rushdie said that the terror attacks in Mumbai were marked by brutality by the attackers and incompetence of government and security agencies in responding to them.<br /><br />During the discussion, panelists agreed that all terrorism roads lead to Pakistan and expressed skepticism that Islamabad would dismantle the terror groups.<br /><br />They said the world should send clear message to Islamabad that terrorists are becoming a liability to Pakistan and it is in its own interest to dismantle them.<br /><br />The (George W) Bush administration too came in for strong criticism for considering former President Pervez Musharraf as an "ally in fighting terrorism" and giving billions of dollars to it without any condition that the money should be used to fight terrorists.<br /><br />The panelists recalled that Musharraf was responsible for aiding Lashkar-e-Toiba to fight in Kashmir during his years in army and Rushdie said he put up a western face to the Westerns but was mullah to extremists.<br /><br />Rushdie as also other participants strongly attacked noted author Arundhiti Roy for linking the Mumbai terrorist attacks to Kashmir, Gujarat riots and demolition of Babri Masjid.<br /><br />The terrorists, the participants said, are driven by a different philosophy and ideology and want to take the world back into the medieval ages.<br /><br />But they agreed that terrorists failed in their apparent bid to split Hindus and Muslims and ignite communal riots as both the communities condemned the attacks and vowed to unitedly fight them.<br /><br />They also warned against government responding to the attacks and criticism of its tardy response by adopting draconian measures. Instead, it should take measures to strengthen the areas in which weakness were found.<br /><br />Besides Rushdie, the panelists included former Bernard Schwartz Fellow Mira Kamdar, who had lost her cousin and her cousin's husband in the Mumbai attacks, and author of Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found Suketu Mehta.<br /><br />There was a lively discussion on the role of media which some had criticised but panelists generally defended the "aggressive coverage" though Rushdie at one stage criticised an Indian television channel for giving room number and floor of a guest from whom it had received a call.<br /><br />They were also skeptical that the weak civilian government of President Asif Ali Zardari would be able to control terrorist or their organisation especially when his own credibility is on the line for alleged corruption during the time his wife Benazir Bhutto was the prime minister.<br /><br />"He was known as 10 per cent and then 20 per cent which showed his skills," Rushdie said amidst laughter.<br /><br />In his brief remarks, Indian Consul-General in New York Prabhu Dayal called on all civilised nations to bring maximum pressure on Pakistan to stamp out the terrorist camps which give rise such attacks.<br /><br />There is no place for terrorism in the civilised world," Dayal said, adding that the Mumbai attack was not just strike against the Indian people but against humanity.<br /><br />"Therefore, all humanity must act together in this hour crisis to ensure that incidents like these do not occur in future," he added.<br /><br />It is "amazing," he said, that Islamabad even refuses to accept the bodies of the attackers killed in the incident even though the only surviving assassin has identified them and he himself, in turn, has been identified by his father in Pakistan.<br /><br />He agreed with panelists that the response did leave "something to be desired" but pointed out that the Indian home minister and Maharashtra Chief Minister had resigned taking the moral responsibility.<br /><br />That brought a question from the audience as to why politicians in the US do not take moral responsibility and resign.<br /><br />Dayal said the attacks were also against growing ties between India and West as was clear from the fact that Westerners were targeted.<br /><br />Kamdar, who was seen fighting back her tears as she remembered her cousin, expressed the view that the terrorists attacked Taj as they wanted to do something spectacular and they did succeed in that.<br /><br />The panelists said the terrorists chose soft targets where they could achieve maximum effect but Rushdie questioned as to why security in Taj hotel was relaxed even though it was known to be a target.<br /><br />Another point made was that it would be impossible to stamp out terrorists unless Pakistan takes action to their roots. Otherwise, the banned organisation Jamaat-ud-Daawa would start functioning under some other name.<br /><br />Source-<a href="http://www.dnaindia.com/world/report_all-terrorism-roads-lead-to-pakistan-says-salman-rushdie_1214992"> http://www.dnaindia.com/world/report_all-terrorism-roads-lead-to-pakistan-says-salman-rushdie_1214992</a>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-17264484454732799362009-05-23T03:14:00.000-07:002009-05-23T03:16:51.555-07:00Rahul Gandhi "Upcomer of the Week"Please go to <a href="http://www.shankee.com">Shankee</a> for full post. <a href="http://www.shankee.com/2009/05/rahul-gandhi-upcomer-of-week.html">Click here</a><br /><br />Before some doubted but after the elections it is clear that <a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_V2JZuLkPrjQ/Shbm0GixuXI/AAAAAAAAHcc/NQohaaRhIxU/s1600-h/rahul-gandhi.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 256px; height: 320px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_V2JZuLkPrjQ/Shbm0GixuXI/AAAAAAAAHcc/NQohaaRhIxU/s320/rahul-gandhi.jpg" alt="Rahul Gandhi" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338708191078365554" border="0" /></a><a href="http://www.rahulgandhi.us/">Rahul Gandhi</a> is the new youth icon. He is an idol for many of us , an inspiration for even more. Rahul has been taken as the next step in the face of Indian politics as he marks the beginning of youth involvement in Indian politics. It is very clear after the elections that Indians afre fed up of BJP's Hindu policy ond of over-aged illiterate politician. Congress came into power the second consecutive term with Prime Minister Manmohan Singh only next to Jawaharlal Nehru to be elected as the supremo more than once.<br /><br /><span class="fullpost"><br /><br />Myself being a part of the next-gen of voters wanted someone much more literate and who would come out of the blame-game and think of the development of the nation and with congress supporting young entrepreneurs such as Rahul Gandhi, Sachin Piltot and others was the ultimate choice. Indian public also see Rahul as the next PM and if he stands for that i am sure he will undoubtedly win but that would take a lot of time yet.I am partial to BJP, in fact my whole family has been so-called BJP minded but due to unfilled promises and useless issues by them led many other like us to switch sides.<br /><br />So this post is further dedicated to highlighting what made Rahul Gandhi what he is today.<br /><br />Source- <a href="http://www.shankee.com/2009/05/rahul-gandhi-upcomer-of-week.html">http://www.shankee.com/2009/05/rahul-gandhi-upcomer-of-week.html</a><br /><p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahul_Gandhi#cite_note-32" title=""></a></p></span>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-3063815621925241922009-04-30T06:22:00.001-07:002009-04-30T06:22:44.038-07:00"Indian actor-politicians"<h2>"Indian actor-politicians"</h2> <p><br /></p><table width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td> <h3>A</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambareesh" title="Ambareesh">Ambareesh</a></li></ul> <h3>B</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raj_Babbar" title="Raj Babbar">Raj Babbar</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachchan_family" title="Bachchan family">Bachchan family</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amitabh_Bachchan" title="Amitabh Bachchan">Amitabh Bachchan</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaya_Bachchan" title="Jaya Bachchan">Jaya Bachchan</a></li></ul> <h3>D</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmendra" title="Dharmendra">Dharmendra</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunil_Dutt" title="Sunil Dutt">Sunil Dutt</a></li></ul> <h3>G</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivaji_Ganesan" title="Sivaji Ganesan">Sivaji Ganesan</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <h3>G cont.</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govinda_%28actor%29" title="Govinda (actor)">Govinda (actor)</a></li></ul> <h3>J</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongara_Jaggayya" title="Kongara Jaggayya">Kongara Jaggayya</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janaki_Ramachandran" title="Janaki Ramachandran">Janaki Ramachandran</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaya_Prada" title="Jaya Prada">Jaya Prada</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Jayalalithaa" title="J. Jayalalithaa">J. Jayalalithaa</a></li></ul> <h3>K</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajesh_Khanna" title="Rajesh Khanna">Rajesh Khanna</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinod_Khanna" title="Vinod Khanna">Vinod Khanna</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilip_Kumar" title="Dilip Kumar">Dilip Kumar</a></li></ul> <h3>M</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hema_Malini" title="Hema Malini">Hema Malini</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <h3>R</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._G._Ramachandran" title="M. G. Ramachandran">M. G. Ramachandran</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N._T._Rama_Rao" title="N. T. Rama Rao">N. T. Rama Rao</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasari_Narayana_Rao" title="Dasari Narayana Rao">Dasari Narayana Rao</a></li></ul> <h3>S</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaikala_Satyanarayana" title="Kaikala Satyanarayana">Kaikala Satyanarayana</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatrughan_Sinha" title="Shatrughan Sinha">Shatrughan Sinha</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smriti_Zubin_Irani" title="Smriti Zubin Irani">Smriti Zubin Irani</a></li></ul> <h3>V</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijayashanti" title="Vijayashanti">Vijayashanti</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyjayanthimala" title="Vyjayanthimala">Vyjayanthimala</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-47655156138031908492009-04-30T06:16:00.002-07:002009-04-30T06:20:52.313-07:00Four criminal-politicians out of election fray, thanks to courts<p>Patna, April 7 (IANS) They are notorious faces. But for the first time in many years, four criminals-turned-politicians from Bihar will be unable to contest the Lok Sabha elections. The electoral laws have finally caught up with them.</p><p>Locally known as 'bahubalis' for their muscle power, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) MPs Pappu Yadav and Mohammed Shahabuddin, Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) MP Surajbhan Singh and former Janata Dal-United (JD-U) MP Anand Mohan have been disallowed by the courts from contesting .</p><p>The courts have turned down their plea that their conviction in criminal cases be suspended so that they can fight the elections. All the four were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment in different cases.</p><p>'It is a rare but positive beginning. It has never happened before that none of the four is in the fray,' M.P. Gupta, a senior lawyer of the Patna High Court, told IANS.</p><p>Be it the working class or the elite, most people see their absence from the polls as a positive sign for Bihar and its politics although all four have managed to put up their wives as candidates.</p><p>'It's a right thing that criminals-turned-politicians like Shahabuddin, Pappu Yadav, Surajbhan and Anand Mohan are being kept away from elections. It will send a strong message,' said Kamlesh Singh, a government official.</p><p>The four are among a dozen politicians, including MPs and legislators, who have been convicted and sentenced by fast track courts in Bihar after 2005, thus becoming ineligible to contest.</p><p>Any person convicted for a crime and sentenced to more than a two-year-long jail term cannot fight elections for six years after the completion of his sentence.</p><p>The Patna High Court last week rejected Pappu Yadav's plea to suspend his conviction in a criminal case and so he can't contest in the April-May Lok Sabha elections. He was sentenced to life imprisonment by a lower court for murdering Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) legislator Ajit Sarkar in 1998. Yadav is currently out on bail.</p><p>Last month Shahabuddin's election hopes were finally dashed when the Patna High Court dismissed his plea to suspend his conviction in a criminal case.</p><p>Shahabuddin, who is in Siwan jail, was convicted in seven criminal cases. The electoral registration officer in Siwan district also turned down his request for inclusion in the voters' list on the ground that he had been in jail for more than six months.</p><p>Last year Anand Mohan too was convicted and awarded the death penalty for inciting a mob that lynched Gopalganj district magistrate G. Krishnaiyah in 1994. He too is in jail.</p><p>Surajbhan Singh, MP from Balia, was sentenced to life last year for the murder of a farmer in 1992. He is out on bail.</p><p>In the 2004 polls, Shahabuddin and Pappu Yadav contested from behind bars. Surajbhan Singh was out on bail and won from Balia.</p><p>If Shahabuddin faces over three dozen criminal cases, including murder, kidnapping, extortion and loot, so does Pappu Yadav, who faces over two dozen criminal cases. Surajbhan Singh and Anand Mohan face nearly two dozen cases each.</p><p>However, they have managed to field their wives. Shahabuddin's wife Heena Sahab is contesting from Siwan as the RJD candidate.</p><p>Veena Devi, the wife of Surajbhan Singh, is the LJP candidate from Nawada.</p><p>Lovely Anand, the wife of Anand Mohan and a former MP herself, is contesting as a Congress candidate from Sheohar. She joined the party last week.</p><p>Pappu Yadav's wife Ranjeeta Ranjan is already an MP but she has switched parties. She is now contesting from Supaul, not for the LJP, but for the Congress party, which she joined Sunday.</p><p><br /></p><p>Source - <a href="http://in.elections.yahoo.com/articles.html?feed=http://in.news.yahoo.com/43/20090407/812/tnl-four-criminal-politicians-out-of-ele.html">yahoo news</a><br /></p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-59462953963685960222009-04-30T06:16:00.001-07:002009-04-30T06:16:46.790-07:00Famous politicians with criminal records<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">Category:Indian criminal-politicians</h1><br /><table width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td> <h3>A</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afzal_Ansari" title="Afzal Ansari">Afzal Ansari</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukhtar_Ansari" title="Mukhtar Ansari">Mukhtar Ansari</a></li></ul> <h3>D</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoolan_Devi" title="Phoolan Devi">Phoolan Devi</a></li></ul> <h3>G</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arun_Gawli" title="Arun Gawli">Arun Gawli</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopal_Rajwani" title="Gopal Rajwani">Gopal Rajwani</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <h3>H</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitendra_Thakur" title="Hitendra Thakur">Hitendra Thakur</a></li></ul> <h3>K</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappu_Kalani" title="Pappu Kalani">Pappu Kalani</a></li></ul> <h3>M</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_Taslimuddin" title="Mohammed Taslimuddin">Mohammed Taslimuddin</a></li></ul> <h3>N</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna_Nishad" title="Jamuna Nishad">Jamuna Nishad</a></li></ul> <h3>R</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raghuraj_Pratap_Singh" title="Raghuraj Pratap Singh">Raghuraj Pratap Singh</a></li></ul> <h3>S</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Shahabuddin" title="Mohammad Shahabuddin">Mohammad Shahabuddin</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <h3>S cont.</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashok_Kumar_Sharma" title="Ashok Kumar Sharma">Ashok Kumar Sharma</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shibu_Soren" title="Shibu Soren">Shibu Soren</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surajbhan_Singh" title="Surajbhan Singh">Surajbhan Singh</a></li></ul> <h3>T</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarmani_Tripathi" title="Amarmani Tripathi">Amarmani Tripathi</a></li></ul> <h3>Y</h3> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._P._Yadav" title="D. P. Yadav">D. P. Yadav</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-50033176984434969222008-09-28T22:15:00.000-07:002008-09-28T22:19:56.348-07:00The Nanavati ReportIt took them soo long to just know wat actually happened,,<br />And this just on Godhra..<br />Still no evidence og Gujrat riots...that yet to come<br /><br />On The Nanavati Commission Report<br />The findings of the Justice Nanavati Commission report on the Godhra train fire and the subsequent communal carnage in Gujarat has been presented in a piecemeal fashion with the second part slated to be released in December 2008. The fact that the report has come after an abnormally long delay and that too in a piecemeal fashion raises many needles of suspicion.<br />The piecemeal delivering of the report tends to justify the action-reaction theory propagated by Narendra Modi and the RSS-BJP-Bajrang Dal-VHP. These findings completely contradict the report of the former Supreme Court Justice U.C. Banerjee Committee which established on the basis of forensic reports that the fire in Coach S-6 of the Sabarmati Express at Godhra was accidental. The findings of the Nanavati report also contradict the fact that in the ongoing criminal proceedings against the Godhra accused no charge has so far been established by the concerned courts. These findings also run in the face of the contradictory admissions made by various players in the Gujarat carnage as exposed by the sting operation of a private channel, “Operation Kalank”.<br />The findings of the Nanavati report have been solely based on the report filed by the investigating officer in the Godhra train burning case Noel Parmar. The Supreme Court has rejected the Parmar report and on March 26, 2008 constituted a police team headed by R.K. Raghavan, former CBI director to investigate the post Godhra violence. Clearly, by delaying the second part of the report, the Nanavati Commission attempts to negate the apex court’s directions.<br />The timing of the release of the report is indeed suspicious given that it comes on the eve of the elections to some state assemblies in November and the second part is slated to be released on the eve of the coming General Elections. This also comes at a time when the country as a whole is bracing to meet the challenge posed by the series of terrorist attacks. It tends to reinforce the communal stereotype prejudices rather than strengthening the need to pursue unbiasedly and impartially the antinational criminals who are perpetrating such terrorist attacks.<br />The Polit Bureau of the CPI(M) is of the opinion that these findings must be kept aside and the country must await the directions of the apex court and the contingent investigations ordered.<br /><br /><br />A day after the Nanavati Commission that was probing into the Godhra train fire and subsequent Gujarat riots gave a clean chit to the Modi government, the Supreme Court issued a notice to the Gujarat government.<br /><br />The notice was issued after rights activists asked for a stay on the publication of the Nanavati report.<br /><br />In Ahmedabad, an NGO backed by a group of activists punched holes into Justice Nanavati's report.<br /><br />They released their own report according to which the first chargesheet filed by the police said that it all started with karsevaks having a heated argument with Muslim tea vendors. Whereas, the Nanavati Commission says that there was nothing impromptu about the conspiracy that was hatched a day before. (Watch)<br /><br />The activists also say the Godhra DSP testified that but for the passengers, he saw no other crowd at the spot and Nanavati panel says that over 1,000 local Muslims were gathered with lethal weapons.<br /><br />As per the activists, the compartment was set on fire from outside while the Nanavati Commission says the mob entered the bogie and set it on fire.<br /><br />The forensic report confirms there's no evidence that petrol was used to set the coach on fire, say the activists. But, the Nanavati report says that 140 litres of petrol was used.<br /><br />The activists have also talked about two people who were arrested told court that they were tortured to 'confess.' According to Nanavati, both men arrested and booked under POTO, then POTA, had confessed.<br /><br />Activists say the DSP and the survivors testified before the commission that injured passengers got off as the left side of the coach was open but the Nanavati panel says the mob set the bogie on fire, ensuring that the passengers had no way to escape.Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-17386326582367130872008-09-24T07:45:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:47:45.770-07:00Students Islamic Movement of India - they call themselves literate students--feel pride in killing innocent...damn assholes..<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>Students Islamic Movement of India</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <p>The <b>Students Islamic Movement of India</b> was formed in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aligarh" title="Aligarh">Aligarh</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> state, in April 1977. The stated mission of SIMI is the ‘liberation of India’ from western materialistic cultural influence and to convert it into an Islamic society. This organization is believed by many, including the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>, to be involved in terrorism <sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-autogenerated2-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>.</p> <p>SIMI was banned by the Indian Government in 2002 for its involvement in terror activities in India. However, in August 2008, a special tribunal lifted the ban on SIMI. The ban was subsequently reinstated by the Supreme Court of India on 6th August 2008</p> <p>Fears exist in government circles that SIMI has been penetrated by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-autogenerated1-1" title="">[2]</a></sup>. It is suspected that SIMI is now also operating under the name of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a>, an outfit that has taken responsibility for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">2008 Ahmedabad blasts</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="2008 Jaipur bombings" class="mw-redirect">Jaipur blasts</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">2008 Delhi blasts</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup>. Indian Mujahideen has taken responsibility of several terrorist acts in India and communicates with the Indian media under the pseudonyms of Al-Arbi and Al-Hindi<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup>.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Founding_.26_separation_from_JIH"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Founding & separation from JIH</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Philosophy"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Philosophy</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Organization"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Organization</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Clash_with_Hindu_Organizations"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Clash with Hindu Organizations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Allegations_of_terrorist_activities"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Allegations of terrorist activities</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Ban_and_aftermath"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Ban and aftermath</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Incidents"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Incidents</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#2003"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">2003</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#2004"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">2004</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#2005"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">2005</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#2006"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">2006</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#2007"><span class="tocnumber">7.5</span> <span class="toctext">2007</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#2008"><span class="tocnumber">7.6</span> <span class="toctext">2008</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Founding_.26_separation_from_JIH" id="Founding_.26_separation_from_JIH"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Founding & separation from JIH</span></h2> <p>SIMI's founding president was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mohammad_Ahmadullah_Siddiqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammad Ahmadullah Siddiqi (page does not exist)">Mohammad Ahmadullah Siddiqi</a>, now professor of journalism and public relations at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Illinois_University" title="Western Illinois University">Western Illinois University</a> in Macomb, IL. SIMI originally emerged as a student wing of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaat-e-Islami_Hind" title="Jamaat-e-Islami Hind">Jamaat-e-Islami Hind</a> (JIH). Inspired by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Revolution_in_Iran" title="Islamic Revolution in Iran" class="mw-redirect">Islamic Revolution in Iran</a>, it stood for radical social change in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and the waging of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> in India, an approach not appreciated by the leadership of JIH. The alliance was short-lived. In 1981, SIMI activists protested against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestinian Liberation Organization" class="mw-redirect">PLO</a> leader <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a>’s visit to India, and greeted him with black flags in New Delhi. Young SIMI activists identified Arafat as a "western puppet", while the senior JIH leaders saw Arafat as a champion of the cause of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine" class="mw-redirect">Palestine</a>. JIH realized that SIMI was slowly adopting an extremist line and tried to take SIMI workers away from it. But when SIMI sought self governance and independence of operation from JIH, JIH declined. SIMI separated from JIH and continued as hardline Islamic organization.</p> <p><a name="Philosophy" id="Philosophy"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Philosophy</span></h2> <p>SIMI has been influenced by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deobandi" title="Deobandi">Deobandi</a> Islam which is a Muslim revivalist movement that started in India in 1879. Deobandi Islam is perhaps most famous in the west as the philosophy of the past <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> government in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>. Its slogan is "Allah is our Lord, the Qur’an is our constitution, Muhammad is our leader, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> is our way and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahadah" title="Shahadah" class="mw-redirect">Shahadah</a> is our desire". SIMI believes that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> is an outstanding example of a true Mujahid{reference}, who has undertaken Jihad on behalf of the '<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummah" title="Ummah">ummah</a>'. They also claim that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9/11" title="9/11" class="mw-redirect">9/11</a> attacks were perpetuated by Israel's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a>.</p> <p>Their ideology stands accused by certain watchdog organisations as diametrically opposed to all "un-Islamic" streams of thought, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> and a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">secular government</a> as practiced in India. They are also against Western values <sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_0-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-autogenerated2-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>. Among its various objectives, SIMI aims to counter what it believes is the increasing moral degeneration, sexual anarchy in Indian society and the ‘insensitiveness’ of a ‘decadent’ west. SIMI maintains that the concepts of secularism, democracy and nationalism, keystones of the Indian Constitution, are antithetical to Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> They aim to restore the supremacy of Islam through the resurrection of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khilafat" title="Khilafat" class="mw-redirect">Khilafat</a>, emphasis on the Muslim <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummah" title="Ummah">Ummah</a> and the waging of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> <sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_0-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-autogenerated2-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>.</p> <p><a name="Organization" id="Organization"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Organization</span></h2> <p>SIMI claims to have about 400 Ansar or registered members and about 20,000 supporting members known as IKHWANS. SIMI published several magazines in various languages, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tahreek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahreek (page does not exist)">Tahreek</a> in Hindi, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iqraa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iqraa (page does not exist)">Iqraa</a> in Gujrati, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rupantar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rupantar (page does not exist)">Rupantar</a> in Bengali, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sedhi_Madal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedhi Madal (page does not exist)">Sedhi Madal</a> in Tamil, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vivekam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vivekam (page does not exist)">Vivekam</a> in Malayalam, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_%28magazine%29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Movement (magazine) (page does not exist)">Movement</a> in English and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shaheen_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shaheen Times (page does not exist)">Shaheen Times</a> in English for children.</p> <p>After being banned, SIMI faced serious differences of opinion among its members about starting an armed struggle. SIMI President, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Misbahul_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Misbahul Islam (page does not exist)">Misbahul Islam</a> along with the majority of SIMI members strongly opposes any armed conflict, believing such an approach to be against the interest of India and its citizens.</p> <p>However, some members, driven by emotional issues such as the demolition of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Masjid" title="Babri Masjid" class="mw-redirect">Babri Masjid</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat_riots" title="Gujarat riots" class="mw-redirect">Gujarat riots</a> and India's growing friendship with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> have advocated armed struggle against the government of India. According to some media sources this faction is led by the former general secretary of SIMI, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safdar_Nagori" title="Safdar Nagori">Safdar Nagori</a>. Nagori has denied responsibility for the recent bombings in Indian cities, although security agencies claim that they were carried by his group under his leadership.</p> <p><a name="Clash_with_Hindu_Organizations" id="Clash_with_Hindu_Organizations"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Clash with Hindu Organizations</span></h2> <p>SIMI identifies the Hindu organizations such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangh_Parivar" title="Sangh Parivar">Sangh Parivar</a> as enemies of Islam. As such, SIMI combines a social discourse with an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamist" title="Islamist" class="mw-redirect">Islamist</a> one. In 1986 SIMI organized a national convention under the slogan "liberation of India through Islam". SIMI’s "Khilafat Campaign" denounced nationalism and advocated the return of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khilafat" title="Khilafat" class="mw-redirect">Khilafat</a> to the Muslim world, although SIMI’s campaign was universal, rather than pertaining strictly to India in particular<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since February 2007" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup>.</p> <p>SIMI organized violent protest against the demolition of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a>, in the nationwide violence that followed the demolitions, SIMI activists clashed against police and the Sangh Parivar <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup>.</p> <p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> (BJP) has noted that if it comes to power in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, it will ban SIMI.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Allegations_of_terrorist_activities" id="Allegations_of_terrorist_activities"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Allegations of terrorist activities</span></h2> <p>Indian authorities (federal and several state governments) frequently charge that SIMI is involved in terrorist activities. SIMI has been accused of carrying out bombing campaigns across India resulting in loss of lives. For complete list of allegations against SIMI see the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#Incidents" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">incidents</a> section.</p> <p>After the recent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings</a>, there have been 300 people detained as suspects in the attack. The police have said that most of the people that have been detained are part of SIMI. Activists of the organization have also been accused of being part of an earlier bombing in Mumbai in 2003 where 55 people were killed. Also in August 2008 a lot of attacks(in Ahmedabad(17 sequential bomb blasts in which 50 were killed and over 200 injured), Bangalore (9 sequential bomb blasts in which 8 were killed and over 47 injured), Surat(more then 30 live bombs and material for making bombs & detonators were found)) and Delhi (5 sequential bombs blasts in which 30 people were reported killed 4 live bombs were found) were considered as an act of SIMI.</p> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulayam_Singh_Yadav" title="Mulayam Singh Yadav">Mulayam Singh Yadav</a>, Former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalu_Prasad_Yadav" title="Lalu Prasad Yadav">Lalu Prasad Yadav</a>, Amar Singh, Former Chief Minister of Bihar took back proceedings against SIMI and said that it was not a terrorist organization.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup>.</p> <p>There have been reports of associations with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin-Laden" title="Osama bin-Laden" class="mw-redirect">Osama bin-Laden</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> from media recovered by Indian Authorities <sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-autogenerated1-1" title="">[2]</a></sup>. Bin-Laden has urged SIMI to wage <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> against India.</p> <p><a name="Ban_and_aftermath" id="Ban_and_aftermath"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Ban and aftermath</span></h2> <p>The Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs by notification dated <b>08-02-2006</b> has banned Students Islamic Movement of India(SIMI) for the third time. SIMI was first banned on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">27 September</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> immediately after the bombing of twin towers of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Center" title="World Trade Center">World Trade Center</a> in New York, USA on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_September_2001" title="11 September 2001" class="mw-redirect">11 September 2001</a>. SIMI remained banned from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">September 27</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">September 27</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> during which period several prosecutions were launched against its members under the provisions of Terrorist And Disruptive Activities Prevention Act(TADA), the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act(MCOCA), and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlawful_Activities_%28Prevention%29_Act" title="Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act">Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act</a> 1967.</p> <p>SIMI was banned for the third time on 08-02-2006. In fact, the second ban of SIMI dated 27-09-2003 came to an end on 27-09-2005. Therefore SIMI was in existence between 28th September, 2005 and 7th February, 2006 but it was unable to function in any manner because all its members were demoralized or had crossed the age of 30 years which automatically dis-entitled them to continue as a member of SIMI, as SIMI has an age limit of 30 years for membership and due to lack of offices and as all its accounts were frozen, some of the erstwhile members also had to fight the criminal cases foisted against them by the State.</p> <p>However, on July 27 2006, a spokesperson of the Indian government told the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Tribunal held in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> that contrary to notions that SIMI's activities declined following its ban, the organization "had stepped up its subversive activities and was involved in almost all major explosions, communal violence and circulation of inflammatory material across the country.</p> <p>The ban notification was issued by the Joint Secretary Home Ministry Mr. B.A. Coutinho. The ban notification and the background note stated that SIMI deserved to be banned for clandestine activities and links with 20 odd organizations through whom SIMI was allegedly operating. The background note clearly says that there was no violent incident in which SIMI was involved in the last 2 – 3 years.</p> <p>To prove its case against SIMI, the government cited several cases under <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlawful_Activities_%28Prevention%29_Act" title="Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act">Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act</a> registered between 1998 – 2001.</p> <p>The third ban on SIMI was lifted by Delhi High Court Tribunal on 5 August 2008. "Material given by the home ministry is insufficient, so ban cannot be continued,” Justice Geeta Mittal, a sitting Delhi High Court judge, said while lifting the ban. <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Incidents" id="Incidents"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Incidents</span></h2> <p><a name="2003"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">2003</span></h3> <p>•November 11: A court in New Delhi acquits SIMI president Shahid Badar Falah in a case of sedition, which was filed against him in September 2001.</p> <p>•September 12: Five persons, including two SIMI activists, are arrested for the removal of railway sleeper</p> <p><br />•July 21: POTA court in New Delhi sentences two SIMI activists to a five-year imprisonment under POTA for their membership of the proscribed organization and seven years imprisonment for sedition.</p> <p>•July 16: A POTA Court in Delhi convicts two SIMI activists for their active involvement with the banned outfit.</p> <p>•May 26: Mumbai Police arrest two suspected activists of the SIMI in the Ghatkopar bomb blast case and remand them to police custody till June 5.</p> <p>•May 14: Mumbai Police arrest three persons from Padgah village and foil a plan that envisaged a series of explosions in Mumbai and Kerala, which was allegedly hatched by the SIMI and Lashkar-e-Toiba.</p> <p><a name="2004"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">2004</span></h3> <p>•November 1: Maulana Nasiruddin, president of the Tahaffuz Shari'at-e Islam (Protection of Islamic Sharia) a</p> <p><a name="2005"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">2005</span></h3> <p>•July 11: Police in Uttar Pradesh arrest six persons, including four of a family, from Faizabad in connection with the July 5-attack on the disputed complex in Ayodhya. The arrested family members were associated with the banned Students Islamic Movement of India, according to official sources.</p> <p>•June 11: All eight accused in the Ghatkopar blast case, allegedly cadres of the SIMI, are acquitted by a POTA court in Mumbai due to lack of evidence.</p> <p>•March 8: Delhi Police arrests a SIMI member, Mohammad Iftikar Ehsan Malick, from Dehradun, the capital city of Uttarakhand.</p> <p><a name="2006"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">2006</span></h3> <p>•October 30: Noor-ul-Hooda, a SIMI activist, was arrested by the police for his alleged involvement in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">2006 Malegaon blasts</a>. Authorities said the bombs used in the blasts were assembled in the garage of "main conspirator" Shabbir at Malegaon.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup> Maharashtra police claims that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">2006 Malegaon blasts</a> were the handiwork of ex-SIMI members.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p>•July 21: 3 men were arrested for the bombing in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, all three of them are part of SIMI.</p> <p>•July 13: Mumbai Police arrested around 200 SIMI activists from different part of Mumbai.</p> <p>•July 6: The Supreme Court rejects a plea by the Students Islamic Movement of India to lift the ban that the Government of India imposed on the organisation in 2001.</p> <p>•July 1: The Uttar Pradesh government on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">1 July</a> withdrew a "treason" case against the banned SIMI president Dr <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahid_Badr_Falahi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shahid Badr Falahi (page does not exist)">Shahid Badr Falahi</a>. The state government order 26-21-wc-7-Nyaya 5-2006/10wc10-14-wc-2004 ordered the withdrawal of the case. The document signed by district magistrate Bahraich and submitted in the designated court along with an application of the special prosecution officer, Bahraich. The Bahraich Kotwali police had arrested Shahid Badr along with seven others for allegedly making an inflammatory speech at Sir Syed Girls College in Bahraich in 2001. A case (no 532/01) was registered against him on charges of sedition, creating communal disharmony, inducement for armed struggle and hurting religious sentiments, under sections 124A 120B, 153A, 153B, 505 and 298 of IPC. But the concerned authorities failed to substantiate these claims.</p> <p><a name="2007"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">2007</span></h3> <p>•February 15: Supreme Court describes the banned Students Islamic Movement of India as a "secessionist movement."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="2008"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">2008</span></h3> <p>•March 27: SIMI Ex-General Secretary <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safdar_Nagori" title="Safdar Nagori">Safdar Nagori</a> (Mahidpur), Amil Parvez(Unhel) arrested from Indore, along with 10 alleged members of the group by Madhya Pradesh State Police's Special task force<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></p> <p>•July 26: Just after a day of serial blasts at the IT hub of India, 17 serial blasts ripped the city of <b>Ahmedabad</b> in the western state of Gujarat, for which too the outlawed SIMI or the IM claimed responsibility. Via suicide bombing & targeting hospitals around 40-45 minutes after all other blasts in the city they maximised casualties.</p> <p>•August 5: Delhi High Court Tribunal lifts ban on SIMI. The ban is subsequently stayed by the Supreme Court of India on 6th August 2008</p> •September 13: Group calling itself Indian Mujahideen(SIMI) claims responsibility of serial bomb blast in New Delhi. 30 people were killed in these blasts & more than 90 injured.Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-50295192433563992272008-09-24T07:44:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:45:33.190-07:00Dawood Ibrahim - would be arrested by the end of century of after he dies or after he surrenders....that too may be..<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>Dawood Ibrahim</span></span></h1><br /> <table class="infobox biography vcard" style="line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; font-size: 95%; text-align: left;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="fn" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-size: 125%;"><b>Dawood Ibrahim</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;">Born</th> <td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;">December 31, 1955 <span style="display: none;">(<span class="bday">1955-12-31</span>)</span> <span class="noprint">(age 52)</span><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratnagiri" title="Ratnagiri">Ratnagiri</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;">Residence</th> <td class="label" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Mali.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Mali"><img alt="Flag of Mali" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> (<i>suspected</i>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;">Occupation</th> <td class="role" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_smuggler" title="Drug smuggler" class="mw-redirect">Drug smuggler</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_launderer" title="Money launderer" class="mw-redirect">Money launderer</a>, Underworld <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don" title="Don">Don</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_Boss" title="Crime Boss" class="mw-redirect">Crime Boss</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;">Spouse(s)</th> <td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;">Zubeena Zareen (Mehajabeen)</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Dawood Ibrahim is the head of the organized crime syndicate <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Company" title="D-Company">D-Company</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>. He is currently on the wanted list of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organised_crime" title="Organised crime" class="mw-redirect">organised crime</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfeiting" title="Counterfeiting" class="mw-redirect">counterfeiting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> He was No. 4 on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>' world's Top 10 most dreaded criminals list of 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></p> <p>Ibrahim is accused of heading a vast and sprawling illegal empire. His name has become a byword in political, business and law enforcement circles. After the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings" title="1993 Bombay bombings">Bombay Blasts</a> in 1993, which Ibrahim organized and financed, he became India's most wanted man. After that incident, most of the his key Hindu <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobsters" title="Mobsters">mobsters</a> and even few <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> went against him bringing down his empire. In 2003, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Government" title="United States Government" class="mw-redirect">United States Government</a> declared Dawood a "global <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist" title="Terrorist" class="mw-redirect">terrorist</a>" and pursued the matter before the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> in an attempt to freeze his assets around the world and crack down on his operations after significant diplomatic lobbying by the government of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush_administration" title="George W. Bush administration" class="mw-redirect">Bush Administration</a>, under advisement from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Government" title="Indian Government" class="mw-redirect">Indian Government</a>, has imposed sanctions on Ibrahim.<sup id="cite_ref-ID_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-ID-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> Although <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> denies any knowledge of his existence, Indian intelligence agencies, such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">Research and Analysis Wing</a> (RAW), believe that Dawood Ibrahim currently resides in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>==Background==Dawood Ibrahim, the son of a police constable Ibrahim Kaskar, was born in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratnagiri" title="Ratnagiri">Ratnagiri</a> in the [Indian state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FL_4-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-FL-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> He is of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkani_people" title="Konkani people">Konkani</a> <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup> descent.He is said to have begun his career in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay" title="Bombay" class="mw-redirect">Bombay</a> working for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karim_Lala" title="Karim Lala">Karim Lala</a> gang exploiting the burst in the Bombay textiles industry to his advantage.<sup id="cite_ref-FL_4-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-FL-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> He soon shifted his residence to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> and has business interests there, in India, and Pakistan. His career developed in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> states and in the bylanes of Nagpada and Dongri in Bombay. His brothers, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anees_Ibrahim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anees Ibrahim (page does not exist)">Anees Ibrahim</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chetan_gaidhane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chetan gaidhane (page does not exist)">Chetan gaidhane</a> are believed to be his key aides.The mail boss of crime network which include high level persons to street level rouges in india specially.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#Involvement_with_terrorism_and_narcotics_trafficking"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Involvement with terrorism and narcotics trafficking</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#His_daughter"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">His daughter</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#Decline_and_ill-health"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Decline and ill-health</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#ISI_arrest_2007"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">ISI arrest 2007</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#Depiction_in_popular_media"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Depiction in popular media</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#Bollywood"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bollywood</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Involvement_with_terrorism_and_narcotics_trafficking" id="Involvement_with_terrorism_and_narcotics_trafficking"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Involvement with terrorism and narcotics trafficking</span></h2> <p>Ibrahim is widely believed to have <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastermind" title="Mastermind">masterminded</a> the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_Bombings" title="1993 Bombay Bombings" class="mw-redirect">1993 Bombay Bombings</a>, a series of terrorist attacks carried out in the city on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">March 12</a> of the year. He later absconded from India and now, according to the Indian government, is believed to be hiding in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, which the Pakistani government denies. In 2003, the Indian and United States governments declared Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist". The then Deputy Prime Minister, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L.K.Advani" title="L.K.Advani" class="mw-redirect">L.K.Advani</a> described it as a major development and that India stands "vindicated". Ibrahim is currently on India's "Most wanted List".<sup id="cite_ref-Rediff_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-Rediff-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></p> <p>The United States <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Department of Treasury</a> has also designated Ibrahim as a terrorist as part of its international sanctions program — effectively forbidding U.S. financial entities from working with him and seizing assets believed to be under his control. The Department of Treasury keeps a fact sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate having smuggling routes from South Asia, the Middle-East and Africa shared with and used by terrorist organisation <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a>. The fact sheet also said that Ibrahim's syndicate is involved in largescale shipment of narcotics in the United Kingdom and Western Europe. He is also believed to have contacts with al-Qaeda leader <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin-Laden" title="Osama bin-Laden" class="mw-redirect">Osama bin-Laden</a>. In the late 1990s, Ibrahim traveled in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> under the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a>'s protection. The syndicate has consistently aimed to destabilize the Indian government through riots, terrorism and civil disobedience.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup></p> <p>Washington added that they will request the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> to list Ibrahim "in pursuance of relevant Security Council resolutions". The UN listing will require that all UN member states freeze Ibrahim's assets and impose a travel ban. Juan Zarate, the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes, said that they are committed to identifying and attacking financial ties between terrorism and the underworld.<sup id="cite_ref-Rediff_6-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-Rediff-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> Dawood Ibrahim is also suspected to have connections with terrorist organisations, and in 2002 was linked to the financing of increasing attacks in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rediff_6-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-Rediff-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> New Delhi handed over to Islamabad a list of 38 most wanted criminals, including Ibrahim.<sup id="cite_ref-ID_2-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-ID-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> Dawood Ibrahim heads an organization known as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Company" title="D-Company">D-Company</a> which carries out billions of dollars of operations in Bombay alone,<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since March 2007" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup> he is believed to control much of the '<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawala" title="Hawala">hawala</a>' system, which is the very commonly used unofficial system for transferring money and remittances outside the view of official agencies. Much of the organisation's operations are in India, allegedly with the support of Government of Pakistan and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a> (ISI). <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></p> <p>In a major blow to Ibrahim, ten members of his gang were arrested by Bombay Crime Branch on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. They were extradited from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, from where they had been deported.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p>His ties with Sicilian mafia leader and other international organizations are not confirmed yet, but it is believed that the base supply of drugs and its raw materials are managed by him. Being close to Afghanistan gives him an advantage, since raw materials are made in Afghanistan. His gang members are active in Europe and other continents. The supply goes to Europe and from there to the U.S. and other countries. he is believed to to operative in major crime controversies in india specially like hawala, drug trafficking, kidnapping, ransom, killings etc.</p> <p><a name="His_daughter" id="His_daughter"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">His daughter</span></h2> <p>dawood's daughter married the son of a former Pakistan National Cricket Team captain, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javed_Miandad" title="Javed Miandad">Javed Miandad</a>. It was much talked about that Dawood was not present at the wedding. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javed_Miandad" title="Javed Miandad">Javed Miandad</a> told the press that his son and Dawood's daughter met while studying together in the UK.</p> <p><a name="Decline_and_ill-health" id="Decline_and_ill-health"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Decline and ill-health</span></h2> <p>- The past few years have seen a dramatic decline in Dawood's fortunes from the heady heights of the life depicted in "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portrait_of_a_Don&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portrait of a Don (page does not exist)">Portrait of a Don</a>" - the ground breaking exposé by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghulam_Hasnain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghulam Hasnain (page does not exist)">Ghulam Hasnain</a> in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p>Firstly came the death of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharad_Shetty" title="Sharad Shetty">Sharad Shetty</a>, Dawood's financier and long term confidant, an assassination carried out by Dawood's long time rival <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chotta_Rajan" title="Chotta Rajan">Chotta Rajan</a>. News media outlets reported the murder as a sign of a dramatic shift of power between the crimelords.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup> This was the seminal event in a series of blows to his criminal empire from which Sonia Gandhi / Monmohon Singhas never fully recovered. The loss of Shetty was followed by the declaration by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Treasury_Department" title="United States Treasury Department" class="mw-redirect">United States Treasury Department</a> declaring Dawood a global terrorist because of his links with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Idefence_13-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-Idefence-13" title="">[14]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-Idefence_13-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-Idefence-13" title="">[14]</a></sup> Sonia Gandhi / Monmohon Singthen lost one of his closest aides, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shoib_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shoib Khan (page does not exist)">Shoib Khan</a> in 2005,<sup id="cite_ref-Idefence_13-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim#cite_note-Idefence-13" title="">[14]</a></sup> a hit for which there was no retaliatory blood-letting, for which Sonia Gandhi / Monmohon Singhad gained infamy during the peak of his influence.</p> <p><a name="ISI_arrest_2007" id="ISI_arrest_2007"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">ISI arrest 2007</span></h2> According to the leading Indian newspaper, <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>, Pakistan's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a> (ISI) is learnt to have taken don Dawood into custody, along with his trusted lieutenant <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhota_Shakeel" title="Chhota Shakeel">Chhota Shakeel</a> and the mastermind of the 1993 Mumbai blasts, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Memon" title="Tiger Memon">Tiger Memon</a>. But the Pakistan authorities deny of any knowledge.Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-7762549085310149432008-09-24T07:42:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:43:55.540-07:00List of terrorist incidents, 2008 - still much of year left...<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>List of terrorist incidents, 2008</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <p>The following is a timeline of acts and failed attempts that can be considered non-state <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a></b>.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#January"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">January</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#February"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">February</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#March"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">March</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#April"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">April</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#May"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">May</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#June"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">June</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#July"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">July</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#August"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">August</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#September"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">September</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#References"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="January" id="January"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">January</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> </td> <td align="right">≈7</td> <td align="right">≈66</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Flag of Turkey" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyarbakir" title="Diyarbakir" class="mw-redirect">Diyarbakir</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers Party">PKK</a> militants were suspected by Turkish authorities to be behind a car bomb explosion.<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">January 7</a></td> <td align="right">≈19</td> <td align="right">≈50</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq_2004-2008.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Iraq_2004-2008.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq_2004-2008.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. Six bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">January 10</a></td> <td align="right">≈23</td> <td align="right">≈58</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>. One suicide bomber blew himself up in a police crowd.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since February 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_13" title="January 13">January 13</a></td> <td align="right">2</td> <td align="right">≈5</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Burma"><img alt="Flag of Burma" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/22px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="12" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a>. A bomb exploded in a public toilet in a railway station, injuring one woman. This was the third bombing incident in three days. One other took place on Friday, in a railway station toilet in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nay_Pyi_Taw" title="Nay Pyi Taw" class="mw-redirect">Nay Pyi Taw</a>, killing one woman. Another man died, and four people were injured, when a bomb exploded in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyu" title="Pyu" class="mw-redirect">Pyu</a>, north of Rangoon.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a></td> <td align="right">11</td> <td align="right">≈55</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>. A bomb exploded in Karachi during President Pervez Musharraf's visit.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a></td> <td align="right">≈6</td> <td align="right">≈6</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a>. A suicide bomber kills six at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Kabul_Serena_Hotel_Attack" title="2008 Kabul Serena Hotel Attack" class="mw-redirect">Kabul Serena Hotel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a></td> <td align="right">3</td> <td align="right">≈22</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Lebanon.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Lebanon"><img alt="Flag of Lebanon" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a>. A bomb targeting a US Embassy vehicle detonates, killing bystanders and injuring the occupants.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">≈39</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Thailand.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Thailand"><img alt="Flag of Thailand" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/22px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Thailand" title="South Thailand" class="mw-redirect">South Thailand</a>. Suspected Islamist separatist bombed a market.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_16" title="January 16">January 16</a></td> <td align="right">30</td> <td align="right">65</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buttala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buttala (page does not exist)">Buttala</a>: A civilian bus was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Sri_Lanka_bus_bombings" title="2008 Sri Lanka bus bombings">bombed</a>, and the fleeing passengers were gunned down and the feeing gunmen also attacked farmers, killing at least 30 people.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup> The Sri Lankan government claimed that the gunman belonged to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_16" title="January 16">January 16</a></td> <td align="right">9</td> <td align="right">6</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq_2004-2008.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Iraq_2004-2008.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq_2004-2008.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khan_Bani_Saad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khan Bani Saad (page does not exist)">Khan Bani Saad</a>: A woman wearing a vest lined with explosives blew herself up near Shiite worshippers in turbulent Diyala province north of the capital Wednesday, killing nine of them.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">8</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Flag of Israel" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sderot" title="Sderot">Sderot</a> ;Western <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a>. In 72 hours, more than 120 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qassam_rockets" title="Qassam rockets" class="mw-redirect">Qassam rockets</a> and 65 mortars were fired towards the Western Negev, an exceptionally high number. More than 8 Israelis are injured by the rocketattacks. Two rockets nearly missed a kindergarten, full with children. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Qassam_rocket_attacks" title="List of Qassam rocket attacks">List of Qassam rocket attacks</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a></td> <td align="right">4</td> <td align="right">4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Yemen"><img alt="Flag of Yemen" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadhramaut_Governorate" title="Hadhramaut Governorate">Hadhramaut Governorate</a>. Gunmen <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Yemen_tourist_attack" title="2008 Yemen tourist attack" class="mw-redirect">opened fire</a> on a group of tourists, killing two Belgian women, their Yemeni driver and a Yemeni man believed to be a tourist guide. Belgian tourist and a Yemeni were wounded in the incident. Al-Qaida suspected.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Greece"><img alt="Flag of Greece" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>. A Chilean diplomatic car was destroyed by an IED. An organization calling itself “Radical Solidarity” claimed responsibility for the attack, saying it had been in support of Chile’s indigenous population.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_21" title="January 21">January 21</a></td> <td align="right">18</td> <td align="right">22</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hajaj" title="Al-Hajaj">Al-Hajaj</a>. Suicide bomber kills 18 in a funeral tent .<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a></td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="right">4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Flag of Israel" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>. Two Palestinians infiltrated a religious seminary and stabbed 3 students in the West Bank settlement of Kfar Etzion before being shot dead. The same day, Palestinian gunmen opened fire at Israelis outside the Shuafat refugee camp on the outskirts of Jerusalem, killing a border police officer and seriously wounding a female officer.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a></td> <td align="right">4</td> <td align="right">≈36</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Lebanon.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Lebanon"><img alt="Flag of Lebanon" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a>. A powerful car bomb killed one of Lebanon’s top terrorism investigators and three other people in eastern Beirut.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">January 29</a></td> <td align="right">4</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Algeria"><img alt="Flag of Algeria" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thenia" title="Thenia" class="mw-redirect">Thenia</a>. Four people killed and 20 wounded in an attack by a suicide bomber on a police station at Thenia, 50 kilometres (30 miles) east of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30">January 30</a></td> <td align="right">≈6</td> <td align="right">≈18</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar_Gah" title="Lashkar Gah">Lashkar Gah</a>. Taliban insurgents were blamed for a suicide bomb attack in a mosque, killing at least six including a provincial deputy governor, Per Mohammad.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brinkley2008_20-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-brinkley2008-20" title="">[21]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="February" id="February"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">February</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1 </a></td> <td align="right">6</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Waziristan" title="North Waziristan">North Waziristan</a>. A suicide bomber rammed an explosive-laden car into a Pakistani security force checkpost in the North Waziristan tribal region on Friday, killing six men. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">3</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Mauritania.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Mauritania"><img alt="Flag of Mauritania" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouakchott" title="Nouakchott">Nouakchott</a>. Gunmen opened fire on Israel's embassy in Mauritania, wounding three French nationals <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1</a></td> <td align="right">98</td> <td align="right">≈200</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. Two mentally disabled women were strapped with explosives and sent into busy Baghdad markets, where they were blown up by remote control. The bombs killed at least 98 people and wounded more than 200 at two popular pet markets <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a></td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">50</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambulla" title="Dambulla">Dambulla</a>. A bus carrying civilians bombed.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">February 3</a></td> <td align="right">12</td> <td align="right">≈100</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. Suspected <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Tiger" title="Tamil Tiger" class="mw-redirect">Tamil Tiger</a> suicide bomber blew herself up outside a train at the main railway station in Colombo.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">February 3</a></td> <td align="right">≈8</td> <td align="right">≈9</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Somalia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Somalia"><img alt="Flag of Somalia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogadishu" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a>. A mini-bus destroyed by a landmine .<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since February 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a></td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="right">9</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Flag of Israel" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimona" title="Dimona">Dimona</a>. A Palestinian suicide bomber detonates an explosion belt in a shopping center and kills one woman and injures nine other people. A second suicide bomber is hurt in the blast and shot to death by Israeli police before he could detonate his own belt.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-29" title="">[30]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-30" title="">[31]</a></sup> See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimona_attack" title="Dimona attack" class="mw-redirect">Dimona attack</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a></td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Weli-Oya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weli-Oya (page does not exist)">Weli-Oya</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. Suspected Tamil Tiger rebels killed 13 people with two roadside bombs on Monday, just hours after the government celebrated the island's 60th anniversary of independence with a parade of military might in the capital. <sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-31" title="">[32]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a></td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">≈90</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Somalia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Somalia"><img alt="Flag of Somalia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bossaso" title="Bossaso" class="mw-redirect">Bossaso</a>. Two separate bombs went off in northern Somalia, killing at least 25 civilians and wounding more than 90 others <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-32" title="">[33]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a></td> <td align="right">27</td> <td align="right">50</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charsada" title="Charsada" class="mw-redirect">Charsada</a>, Peshawar province. The bombing of a political gathering killed 27 and wounded more than 50 people.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-33" title="">[34]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">February 11</a></td> <td align="right">≈25</td> <td align="right">≈40</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balad,_Iraq" title="Balad, Iraq">Balad, Iraq</a> is struck by a car bomb. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Balad_bombing" title="2008 Balad bombing">2008 Balad bombing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-34" title="">[35]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">February 11</a></td> <td align="right">10</td> <td align="right">13</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Waziristan" title="North Waziristan">North Waziristan</a>. A suicide bomber killed at least ten people, including an election candidate, and wounded 13 others <sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-35" title="">[36]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_16" title="February 16">February 16</a></td> <td align="right">39</td> <td align="right">≈100</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parachinar" title="Parachinar">Parachinar</a>. A suicide bomber attacked supporters of assassinated Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-36" title="">[37]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a></td> <td align="right">65</td> <td align="right">≈50</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a>. Taleban suspected of a suicide bomb attack at a dog-fighting competition.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-37" title="">[38]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-38" title="">[39]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-39" title="">[40]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brinkley2008_20-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-brinkley2008-20" title="">[21]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a></td> <td align="right">37</td> <td align="right">30</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> Near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> border. A suicide bomber targeted a foreign military convoy.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-40" title="">[41]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_19" title="February 19">February 19</a></td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="right">3</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a> car bomb kills 1. <sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-41" title="">[42]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_20" title="February 20">February 20</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panvel" title="Panvel">Panvel</a>. A small explosion occurred in a movie theater screening <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodhaa_Akbar" title="Jodhaa Akbar">Jodhaa Akbar</a>, a controversial film found by ethnic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput" title="Rajput">Rajputs</a> to be "offensive".<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-42" title="">[43]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-43" title="">[44]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a></td> <td align="right">5</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> Roadside bomb kills 5 policemen <sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-44" title="">[45]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_29" title="February 29">February 29</a></td> <td align="right">27</td> <td align="right">40</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> Suicide bomb at Pakistan funeral kills 27 <sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-45" title="">[46]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="March" id="March"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">March</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">March 6</a></td> <td align="right">54</td> <td align="right">≈130</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. In a popular market in the Karada shopping area, a roadside bomb detonates. As a crowd gathered around the site of the blast, a few minutes later a suicide bomber blew himself up which killed dozens and wounded scores.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-46" title="">[47]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">March 7</a></td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondrag%C3%B3n" title="Mondragón">Mondragón</a> An ETA gunman kills <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa%C3%ADas_Carrasco" title="Isaías Carrasco">Isaías Carrasco</a>, former town councilor for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondrag%C3%B3n" title="Mondragón">Mondragón</a>, on his way to work, two days before the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_general_election,_2008" title="Spanish general election, 2008">General Elections</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">March 10</a></td> <td align="right">3</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanaan,_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanaan, Iraq (page does not exist)">Kanaan</a>. A female suicide bomber entered the home of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sheik_Thaeir_Ghadhban_al-Karkhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheik Thaeir Ghadhban al-Karkhi (page does not exist)">Sheik Thaeir Ghadhban al-Karkhi</a>, a prominent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a> who had turned against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_Iraq" title="Al-Qaeda in Iraq">al-Qaeda</a>, and blew herself up, killing al-Karkhi, his 5-year-old niece, and a security guard.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-47" title="">[48]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">1</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calahorra" title="Calahorra">Calahorra</a>. A car bomb explodes outside a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardia_Civil" title="Guardia Civil" class="mw-redirect">Guardia Civil</a> barracks in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calahorra" title="Calahorra">Calahorra</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Rioja_%28Spain%29" title="La Rioja (Spain)">La Rioja</a>, injuring one policeman lightly and causing extensive property damage.<a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7308640.stm" class="external autonumber" title="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7308640.stm" rel="nofollow">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azpeitia" title="Azpeitia">Azpeitia</a>. Two small bombs exploded near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azpeitia" title="Azpeitia">Azpeitia</a> with minor damage near a television transmitter. No injuries were reported. <a href="http://www.eitb24.com/noticia/en/B24_92570" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.eitb24.com/noticia/en/B24_92570" rel="nofollow">[2]</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="April" id="April"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">April</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_6" title="April 6">April 6 </a></td> <td align="right">15</td> <td align="right">90</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Weliveriya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weliveriya (page does not exist)">Weliveriya</a>. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Weliveriya_bombing" title="2008 Weliveriya bombing">2008 Weliveriya bombing</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">April 12 </a></td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right">~200</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iran"><img alt="Flag of Iran" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="13" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiraz" title="Shiraz">Shiraz</a>. An bomb exploded inside of the Shohada Hosseiniyeh mosque at around 9 p.m. during a sermon by a cleric well-known for criticism of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaii" title="Bahaii" class="mw-redirect">Bahaii</a>. Tehran blamed Western-backed monarchists for the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-48" title="">[49]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-49" title="">[50]</a></sup> On its website, a group called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anjoman-e_Padeshahi-e_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anjoman-e Padeshahi-e Iran (page does not exist)">Anjoman-e Padeshahi-e Iran</a> (API), or Soldiers of the Kingdom Assembly of Iran, claimed responsibility.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-50" title="">[51]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">April 15 </a></td> <td align="right">~53</td> <td align="right">~90</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baquba" title="Baquba" class="mw-redirect">Baquba</a>. At least 53 died and another 90 were injured when explosives packed in a bus detonated outside a restaurant near a court in Baquba, north of Bagdad.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC041508_51-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-BBC041508-51" title="">[52]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">April 15 </a></td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right"><br /></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadi" title="Ramadi">Ramadi</a>. 13 were killed in a suicide bombing at a kebab restaurant where policemen were eating in Ramadi<sup id="cite_ref-BBC041508_51-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-BBC041508-51" title="">[52]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">April 17 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">7</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>. A bomb blast outside the office of Spain's ruling Socialist party in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>, was blamed on Basque separatist group ETA after a traditional phone call to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DYA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DYA (page does not exist)">DYA</a>, and caused serious damage to the building but no casualties. However, 7 policemen were injured. <a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/05/01/spain.bombs/" class="external autonumber" title="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/05/01/spain.bombs/" rel="nofollow">[3]</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19 </a></td> <td align="right">4</td> <td align="right">13</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Flag of Israel" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerem_Shalom" title="Kerem Shalom">Kerem Shalom</a>. Three explosive-laden vehicles approached under heavy morning fog the Kerem Shalom central humanitarian crossing. Bombers triggered the explosives in the two jeeps, wounding thirteen IDF soldiers; one moderately-seriously, two moderately and eight lightly. Four bombers were killed in the incident, their attempts to detonate the third vehicle failed. The bombing attack was combined with a barrage of 15 mortar shells fired at the area. <sup id="cite_ref-BBC041508_51-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-BBC041508-51" title="">[52]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elgoibar" title="Elgoibar">Elgoibar</a>. For the second time in three days, a bomb went off in northern Spain Sunday preceded by a warning call by the Basque separatist group ETA. The blast damaged the recreation center of the ruling Socialist Party in the Basque town of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elgoibar" title="Elgoibar">Elgoibar</a>. No one was hurt.<a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/04/20/spain.bomb/" class="external autonumber" title="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/04/20/spain.bomb/" rel="nofollow">[4]</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_25" title="April 25">April 25 </a></td> <td align="right">26</td> <td align="right">64</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piliyandala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piliyandala (page does not exist)">Piliyandala</a>. The bombing of a commuter bus in a suburb of Colombo killed 26 and injured at least 64. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Piliyandala_bus_bombing" title="2008 Piliyandala bus bombing">2008 Piliyandala bus bombing</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="May" id="May"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">May</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrigorriaga" title="Arrigorriaga">Arrigorriaga</a>. A bomb explodes in an industrial pavilion for Spain's Ministry of Labor in the Basque town of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrigorriaga" title="Arrigorriaga">Arrigorriaga</a>.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donostia-San_Sebastian" title="Donostia-San Sebastian" class="mw-redirect">Donostia-San Sebastian</a>. Two bombs exploded half an hour later near a Basque regional government labor institute in the large <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_people" title="Basque people">Basque</a> city of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donostia-San_Sebastian" title="Donostia-San Sebastian" class="mw-redirect">Donostia-San Sebastian</a>.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2 </a></td> <td align="right">~15</td> <td align="right">~55</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Yemen"><img alt="Flag of Yemen" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%27dah_Governorate" title="Sa'dah Governorate">Sa'dah Governorate</a>. 15 are killed and 55 are injured in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Yemen_Ben_Salman_Mosque_bombing" title="2008 Yemen Ben Salman Mosque bombing" class="mw-redirect">bombing</a> at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Salman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ben Salman (page does not exist)">Ben Salman</a> mosque.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC041508_51-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-BBC041508-51" title="">[52]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_10" title="May 10">May 10 </a></td> <td align="right">11</td> <td align="right">29</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampara" title="Ampara">Ampara</a>. A bomb attributed to Tamil Tiger rebels ripped through a cafe, 11 killed, 29 injured.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">May 12 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> Two small bombs have damaged construction equipment in an attack claimed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_people" title="Basque people">Basque</a> separatist group.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_13" title="May 13">May 13 </a></td> <td align="right">63</td> <td align="right">213</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a>. A simultaneous <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">bomb blast</a> at eight different sites, including a crowded shopping site and a Hanuman temple, a self-styled <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a>, (a collaboration of LeT & SIMI) has claimed responsibility.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_14" title="May 14">May 14 </a></td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="right">4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legutiano" title="Legutiano">Legutiano</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alava" title="Alava" class="mw-redirect">Alava</a>. A powerful bombing outside a civil guard, blamed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_nationalism" title="Basque nationalism">Basque</a> separatist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETA" title="ETA">ETA</a> group, killing one guard.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_16" title="May 16">May 16 </a></td> <td align="right">9</td> <td align="right">93</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> Downtown <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. A suicide bomb exploded near the Sri Lankan president residence, blamed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a>.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_18" title="May 18">May 18 </a></td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mardan" title="Mardan">Mardan</a>. A bomb exploded a bakery shop near Pakistani Army site, which blamed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> militants.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">May 19 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getxo" title="Getxo">Getxo</a>. At 00:50 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>, a bomb placed in a van exploded in front of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Real_Club_Mar%C3%ADtimo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Real Club Marítimo (page does not exist)">Real Club Marítimo</a> in the neighborhood of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Arenas" title="Las Arenas">Las Arenas - Areeta</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getxo" title="Getxo">Getxo</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a>, usual meeting point of businessmen and politicians, causing no human losses.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">May 21 </a></td> <td align="right">6</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Ethiopia"><img alt="Flag of Ethiopia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>. a bomb went off on minibus near Ethiopian Foreign Ministry, where blamed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromo_Liberation_Front" title="Oromo Liberation Front">Oromo Liberation Front</a>.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_22" title="May 22">May 22 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">1</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United Kingdom"><img alt="Flag of the United Kingdom" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exeter" title="Exeter">Exeter</a>. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_May_2008_Exeter_bombing" title="22 May 2008 Exeter bombing">22 May 2008 Exeter bombing</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_26" title="May 26">May 26 </a></td> <td align="right">8</td> <td align="right">72+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. A packed commuter train carrying 200 passenger onboard which time bombing exploded at Dehiwela railroad station, that blamed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-52" title="">[53]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28 </a></td> <td align="right">3</td> <td align="right">5</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Ethiopia"><img alt="Flag of Ethiopia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negele_Boran" title="Negele Boran">Negele Boran</a>. A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ethiopia_Negelle_Boran_bombing" title="2008 Ethiopia Negelle Boran bombing" class="mw-redirect">bomb blast</a> at Kidane Mihret and Shuferoch hotel, Islamic militants suspected.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_29" title="May 29">May 29 </a></td> <td align="right">2</td> <td align="right">17</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the Philippines"><img alt="Flag of the Philippines" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamboanga" title="Zamboanga">Zamboanga</a>. a cell-phone time bomb exploded outside <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Andrews_Air_Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edwin Andrews Air Base (page does not exist)">Edwin Andrews Air Base</a>, where blamed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> militants.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">May 31</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navi_Mumbai" title="Navi Mumbai">Navi Mumbai</a>. Police defused a small explosive at a movie theater screening <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodhaa_Akbar" title="Jodhaa Akbar">Jodhaa Akbar</a>, a controversial film found by ethnic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput" title="Rajput">Rajputs</a> to be "offensive".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-53" title="">[54]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-54" title="">[55]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="June" id="June"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">June</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_1" title="June 1">June 1 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">2</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarautz" title="Zarautz">Zarautz</a>. Following a warning call, at around 2:30 am early Sunday morning, a blast occurred outside the headquarters of a construction company, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Construcciones_Amenabar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Construcciones Amenabar (page does not exist)">Construcciones Amenabar</a>, in the town of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarautz" title="Zarautz">Zarautz</a>. There were casualties, though two people suffered ear damage from the noise of the explosion. <a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/World/ETA_bomb_hits_Spains_northern_Basque_region_report/articleshow/3089801.cms" class="external autonumber" title="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/World/ETA_bomb_hits_Spains_northern_Basque_region_report/articleshow/3089801.cms" rel="nofollow">[5]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_2" title="June 2">June 2 </a></td> <td align="right">~8</td> <td align="right">~30</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>. A suicide <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Danish_embassy_bombing" title="2008 Danish embassy bombing">car bombing blast</a> occurred at around 1 p.m. local time outside of the Danish embassy. Nearby buildings also suffered damage. The attack is thought to be the work of fundamentalist terrorists.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-55" title="">[56]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_4" title="June 4">June 4 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">~18</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. A bomb blast targeted a commuter train as it sped towards the capital. The explosive had been left along the track and detonated at around 7:10 a.m. as the last car passed. Government sources implicated the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-56" title="">[57]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_4" title="June 4">June 4 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">7</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thane" title="Thane">Thane</a>. A bomb exploded in the parking lot of an auditorium hosting a play that parodied the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharat" title="Mahabharat" class="mw-redirect">Mahabharat</a>. Two men, ages 50 and 34, admitted guilt to the attack and others on February 20th and May 31st. Although the men claimed membership in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a> groups, they stated that they acted alone without support.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-57" title="">[58]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-58" title="">[59]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_6" title="June 6">June 6 </a></td> <td align="right">21</td> <td align="right">47</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moratuwa" title="Moratuwa">Moratuwa</a> suburb of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. A roadside bomb blast targeted a crowded state-run commuter bus at about 7:35 a.m. The government quickly placed blame upon <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a>, who had yet to claim responsibility. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Moratuwa_bus_bombing" title="2008 Moratuwa bus bombing">2008 Moratuwa bus bombing</a><sup id="cite_ref-srilanka_59-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-srilanka-59" title="">[60]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_6" title="June 6">June 6 </a></td> <td align="right">2</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandy_District" title="Kandy District">Kandy district</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lankan</a> government blamed <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a> militants for a bomb explosion that occurred aboard a commuter bus only a few hours after a similar attack near the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">capital</a>. See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Polgolla_bus_bombing" title="2008 Polgolla bus bombing">2008 Polgolla bus bombing</a><sup id="cite_ref-srilanka_59-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-srilanka-59" title="">[60]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">June 8 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> A bomb detonated at the presses of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Correo" title="El Correo">El Correo</a> near the port city of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a> at about 3 a.m damaging the printing facilities of the Basque newspaper as people worked inside, but no one was reported injured. While ETA have not yet laid claim to this attack, it is rumored to be the doing of ETA. <a href="http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5h2-hl5-7XCJd21HLWTYQp51DEaRwD915NMQ80" class="external autonumber" title="http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5h2-hl5-7XCJd21HLWTYQp51DEaRwD915NMQ80" rel="nofollow">[6]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9 </a></td> <td align="right">12</td> <td align="right"><br /></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Algeria"><img alt="Flag of Algeria" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boumerd%C3%A8s_Province" title="Boumerdès Province">Boumerdès Province</a>. Two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Beni_Amrane_bombings" title="2008 Beni Amrane bombings">explosions</a> kill 13 in the town of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beni_Amrane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beni Amrane (page does not exist)">Beni Amrane</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>. Islamic militants suspected. <sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-60" title="">[61]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15 </a></td> <td align="right">2</td> <td align="right">~12</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Nepal.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Nepal"><img alt="Flag of Nepal" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" border="0" width="16" height="20" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautahat_District" title="Rautahat District">Rautahat District</a>. A group calling itself the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarai_Army" title="Tarai Army" class="mw-redirect">Tarai Army</a> claimed responsibility for an explosion in a crowded bus station in southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. The bomb had been hidden in a wheat sack.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-61" title="">[62]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-62" title="">[63]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">8</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Flag of Turkey" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. An explosion in a cafe in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C3%A7ekmece" title="Büyükçekmece">Büyükçekmece</a> district on the European side of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosporus" title="Bosporus">Bosporus</a> was attributed to a bomb.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-63" title="">[64]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_16" title="June 16">June 16 </a></td> <td align="right">12</td> <td align="right">40+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern Province, Sri Lanka</a>. Explosives in a motorcycle is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Sri_Lanka_Vavuniya_bombing" title="2008 Sri Lanka Vavuniya bombing">detonated</a> in front of a police station in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vavuniya" title="Vavuniya">Vavuniya</a>, killing 12 members of police and injuring 40, including children.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-64" title="">[65]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_17" title="June 17">June 17 </a></td> <td align="right">63+</td> <td align="right">75+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. A minibus packed with explosives detonated near a marketplace in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurriya" title="Hurriya">Huriya</a> district during the evening business rush. The predominantly Shiite crowd blamed Sunni extremists although the U.S. military believed that radical Shiite militants caused the attack in an attempt to reignite sectarian tensions or to target nearby coalition forces.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-65" title="">[66]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-66" title="">[67]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">June 20 </a></td> <td align="right">6</td> <td align="right">4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereshk" title="Gereshk">Gereshk</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmand" title="Helmand" class="mw-redirect">Helmand</a>. A suicide bomber attacked a military convoy as it passed by a market during the morning hours. The blast killed 5 civilians and 1 coaltion member.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-67" title="">[68]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_22" title="June 22">June 22 </a></td> <td align="right">15</td> <td align="right">40+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baquba" title="Baquba" class="mw-redirect">Baquba</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyala" title="Diyala">Diyala</a>. A female suicide bomber struck at a government outpost.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-68" title="">[69]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_24" title="June 24">June 24 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">10</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Thailand.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Thailand"><img alt="Flag of Thailand" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/22px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphoe_Mueang_Yala" title="Amphoe Mueang Yala">Muang district</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yala_province" title="Yala province" class="mw-redirect">Yala province</a>. A bomb hidden in a bike exploded at a market around 7 AM. Six civilians and four soldiers were injured. A remote control detonated the explosive.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-69" title="">[70]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26 </a></td> <td align="right">18</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Karmah" title="Al-Karmah">Al-Karmah</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anbar_province" title="Anbar province" class="mw-redirect">Anbar province</a>. A suicide bomber attacked a meeting of tribal <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh" title="Sheikh">sheikhs</a>. U.S. troops, who were in attendance, were among the injured. It is believed that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_Iraq" title="Al-Qaeda in Iraq">AQI</a> was behind the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-70" title="">[71]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26 </a></td> <td align="right">18</td> <td align="right">80+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a>. A car bomb exploded in a busy market minutes after a previous explosion.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-71" title="">[72]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="July" id="July"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">July</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_3" title="July 3">July 3 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Indonesia"><img alt="Flag of Indonesia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>. Police arrested 12 militants who are accused of planning to bomb a cafe in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukittinggi" title="Bukittinggi">Bukittinggi</a>, a city popular among tourists. Several of the arrested have links to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jemaah_Islamiyah" title="Jemaah Islamiyah">Jemaah Islamiyah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-72" title="">[73]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">50+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Belarus"><img alt="Flag of Belarus" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>. A home-made bomb explodes in Belarus' capital at an outdoor Independence Day concert, injuring around 50 people. President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Lukashenko" title="Alexander Lukashenko">Alexander Lukashenko</a> was also attending the concert. No one has claimed responsibility as of yet, but government spokespersons blames the attack on "hooligans".<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-73" title="">[74]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6" title="July 6">July 6 </a></td> <td align="right">11</td> <td align="right">~22</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>. A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Lal_Masjid_bombing" title="2008 Lal Masjid bombing">suicide-bomber targeted</a> a group of police officers near the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lal_Masjid" title="Lal Masjid">Lal Masjid</a> almost a year after a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Lal_Masjid" title="Siege of Lal Masjid">deadly siege and raid on the mosque</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-74" title="">[75]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7 </a></td> <td align="right">58</td> <td align="right">150+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a>. A suicide-bomber <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Indian_Embassy_bombing_in_Kabul" title="2008 Indian Embassy bombing in Kabul" class="mw-redirect">drove an explosives-laden automobile</a> into the front gates of the Indian embassy.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-75" title="">[76]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9 </a></td> <td align="right">3</td> <td align="right">3</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Flag of Turkey" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. Four men, believed to be Turkish citizens, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_United_States_consulate_in_Istanbul_attack" title="2008 United States consulate in Istanbul attack" class="mw-redirect">attacked the American consulate</a> around 1100 local time. Three of the four began shooting and were soon met with police fire. The three gunmen, as well as three police officers, were killed in the exchange. The fourth assailant, the driver, escaped the scene. Injuries occurred to two other people.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-76" title="">[77]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-77" title="">[78]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15 </a></td> <td align="right">35</td> <td align="right">63</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyala_Governorate" title="Diyala Governorate">Diyala</a>. Two men <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_July_2008_Baquba_bombings" title="15 July 2008 Baquba bombings">detonated</a> explosive-laden belts seconds apart in a crowd of Army recruits at the Saad military base. The two bombers had disguised themselves as recruits.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-78" title="">[79]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">1</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laredo,_Cantabria" title="Laredo, Cantabria">Laredo</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noja" title="Noja">Noja</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETA" title="ETA">ETA</a> claimed responsibility for four bomb blasts in resort areas along the northern coast.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-79" title="">[80]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">July 21 </a></td> <td align="right">2</td> <td align="right">13</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the People's Republic of China"><img alt="Flag of the People's Republic of China" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunming" title="Kunming">Kunming</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Kunming_bus_bombings" title="2008 Kunming bus bombings">Two bomb explosions</a> occurred onboard separate passenger buses during the early morning commute. The first blast happened at about 7:00 AM and the second came about an hour later.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-80" title="">[81]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-81" title="">[82]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_24" title="July 24">July 24 </a></td> <td align="right">~8</td> <td align="right">~24</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baqouba" title="Baqouba" class="mw-redirect">Baqouba</a>. Iraqi police said at least eight people have been killed in a female suicide bombing against a checkpoint manned by US-allied Sunni guards northeast of Baghdad.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-82" title="">[83]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25 </a></td> <td align="right">2</td> <td align="right">20+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">A series of nine blasts</a> kills 2 and injures 20 people<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-83" title="">[84]</a></sup>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25 </a></td> <td align="right">6</td> <td align="right">15+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Palestine.svg" class="image" title="Palestinian flag"><img alt="Palestinian flag" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City" class="mw-redirect">Gaza City</a>. At least six people, including senior Hamas member, were killed after bomb exploded at major Gaza intersection; explosive device planted near Hamas police parking site <sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-84" title="">[85]</a></sup>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26 </a></td> <td align="right">50+</td> <td align="right">160+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_serial_blasts" title="2008 Ahmedabad serial blasts" class="mw-redirect">A series of seventeen blasts</a> killing 49 and injuring 160 people<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-85" title="">[86]</a></sup>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">6</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godda" title="Godda">Godda</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a>. At least six people were injured when a bomb exploded at a bus stand in Jharkhand's Godda district.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-86" title="">[87]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27 </a></td> <td align="right">~17</td> <td align="right">150+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Flag of Turkey" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Istanbul_bombings" title="2008 Istanbul bombings">Two bombs</a> kill 17 people and wound at least 150 in Istanbul.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-87" title="">[88]</a></sup>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28 </a></td> <td align="right">32+</td> <td align="right">102</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. Three female suicide bombers and a roadside bomb targeted Shi'ite pilgrims headed towards <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazimiyah" title="Kazimiyah" class="mw-redirect">Kazimiyah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-88" title="">[89]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yahooiraq_89-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-yahooiraq-89" title="">[90]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28 </a></td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">185</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkuk" title="Kirkuk">Kirkuk</a>. A bomb explosion occurred at a large protest against a provincial elections law. The US military initially believed the explosion to be a suicide attack. The majority of the victims were <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurd" title="Kurd" class="mw-redirect">Kurds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-yahooiraq_89-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-yahooiraq-89" title="">[90]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orio" title="Orio">Orio</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Country_%28autonomous_community%29" title="Basque Country (autonomous community)">Basque Country</a>. The regional government claimed that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETA" title="ETA">ETA</a> caused a bomb explosion at a road construction site near the town of Orio. No workers were present at the time so no injuries occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-90" title="">[91]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="August" id="August"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">August</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_3" title="August 3">August 3 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Algeria"><img alt="Flag of Algeria" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tizi_Ouzou" title="Tizi Ouzou">Tizi Ouzou</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabylie" title="Kabylie">Kabylie</a>. A suicide car bomber targeted the local police force. The explosion injured 25 people, 4 of whom were police. No one has claimed responsibility.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-91" title="">[92]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">August 4 </a></td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibi" title="Sibi">Sibi</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</a>. A bomb attached to a parked motorcycle exploded in the main bazaar. The bomb was detonated by remote. Three of the killed were said to be members of a tribe supporting the Islamabad government.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-92" title="">[93]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8 </a></td> <td align="right">21+</td> <td align="right">~70</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tal_Afar" title="Tal Afar">Tal Afar</a>. A bomb exploded in a crowded vegetable market.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-93" title="">[94]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_10" title="August 10">August 10 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">10</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Colombia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Colombia"><img alt="Flag of Colombia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogota" title="Bogota" class="mw-redirect">Bogota</a>. An explosion in the north of Colombia’s capital Bogotá left ten people wounded. The police blame rebel group <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FARC" title="FARC" class="mw-redirect">FARC</a> for the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-94" title="">[95]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_13" title="August 13">August 13 </a></td> <td align="right">18+</td> <td align="right">45</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Lebanon.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Lebanon"><img alt="Flag of Lebanon" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripoli,_Lebanon" title="Tripoli, Lebanon">Tripoli</a>. A bomb, hidden in a briefcase, exploded at a crowded civilian bus stop at around 7:45 AM. Most of the dead were reported to be soldiers, who seemed to be the target of the attack. A remote control detonated the explosive. Initial suspicion fell upon <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatah_al-Islam" title="Fatah al-Islam">Fatah al-Islam</a> although political turmoil and sectarian strife could implicate any number of groups.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-95" title="">[96]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-96" title="">[97]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15 </a></td> <td align="right">7</td> <td align="right">50</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Colombia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Colombia"><img alt="Flag of Colombia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ituango" title="Ituango">Ituango</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antioquia" title="Antioquia" class="mw-redirect">Antioquia</a>. Seven people were killed and more than 50 wounded when a bomb detonated in a small town. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FARC" title="FARC" class="mw-redirect">FARC</a> denies responsibility on the attack, blaming Colombian State.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-97" title="">[98]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-98" title="">[99]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">August 17 </a></td> <td align="right">3</td> <td align="right">13</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Azerbaijan"><img alt="Flag of Azerbaijan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a>. A young man reportedly threw a grenade into the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> mosque during evening prayers while as many as 200 worshiped.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-99" title="">[100]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18 </a></td> <td align="right">12</td> <td align="right">22</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khost" title="Khost">Khost</a>. A suicide bomber drove a car towards the gates of an American military base. The explosion killed no American military personnel, but did harm workers outside of the base. The forces repelled a second attacker, who fled. The attacks came on Afghanistan's Independence Day, which celebrates the end.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-100" title="">[101]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19 </a></td> <td align="right">32</td> <td align="right">35</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dera_Ismail_Khan" title="Dera Ismail Khan">Dera Ismail Khan</a>. A suicide bomber struck outside of a hospital, where a large crowd Shiite mourners had gathered.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-101" title="">[102]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19 </a></td> <td align="right">43</td> <td align="right">45</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Algeria"><img alt="Flag of Algeria" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Issers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Issers (page does not exist)">Issers</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boumerd%C3%A8s_Province" title="Boumerdès Province">Boumerdès Province</a>. A suicide bomber <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Algeria_Issers_bombing" title="2008 Algeria Issers bombing" class="mw-redirect">drove a vehicle</a> into a large group of military recruits gathering for exams. Although no one has claimed responsibility, such attacks are usually blamed upon <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda_Organization_in_the_Islamic_Maghreb" title="Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb">Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-102" title="">[103]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-103" title="">[104]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">19</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Flag of Turkey" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a>. Investigators believe that an individual was attempting to conduct a suicide attack when he attempted to avoid a police checkpoint. The man detonated explosives after his car was stopped, and the explosion killed him and wounded 19 officers. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKK" title="PKK" class="mw-redirect">PKK</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan_Freedom_Falcons" title="Kurdistan Freedom Falcons">TAK</a> both claimed responsibility for the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-104" title="">[105]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">August 20 </a></td> <td align="right">11+</td> <td align="right">31</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Algeria"><img alt="Flag of Algeria" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouira" title="Bouira" class="mw-redirect">Bouira</a>. Two car bombs were detonated by remote control. The first explosion targeted the military and reportedly injured 4 soldiers. The second explosion, which occurred about a minute later next to a downtown hotel, killed 11 people and injured 27. Most of the casualties from the second blast were civilians on board a passing bus.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-105" title="">[106]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">August 21 </a></td> <td align="right">63</td> <td align="right">81</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wah" title="Wah">Wah</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attock_District" title="Attock District">Attock District</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Wah_bombing" title="2008 Wah bombing">Twin suicide bombings</a> kill 63 people and injure 81 people targeting Pakistan's main munitions factory, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Ordnance_Factories" title="Pakistan Ordnance Factories">Pakistan Ordnance Factories</a>. The Pakistani Taliban claims responsibility in retaliation for Pakistan Army attacks in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_North-West_Pakistan" title="War in North-West Pakistan">War in North-West Pakistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-106" title="">[107]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_23" title="August 23">August 23 </a></td> <td align="right">8</td> <td align="right"><br /></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swat,_Pakistan" title="Swat, Pakistan">Swat, Pakistan</a>. A suicide bomber <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_August_2008_Swat_Valley_bombing" title="23 August 2008 Swat Valley bombing">drives and detonates</a> a vehicle into a checkpoint, killing 8 policemen and injuring several others.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-107" title="">[108]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_23" title="August 23">August 23 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">19</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Flag of Turkey" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir" class="mw-redirect">Izmir</a>. At about 7:45 AM, a car bomb exploded in a residential area as vehicles carrying security personnel approached. The blast injured seven police, three soldiers and six civilians. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKK" title="PKK" class="mw-redirect">PKK</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan_Freedom_Falcons" title="Kurdistan Freedom Falcons">TAK</a> both claimed responsibility for the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-108" title="">[109]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24 </a></td> <td align="right">30</td> <td align="right">42</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ghraib" title="Abu Ghraib">Abu Ghraib</a>. A suicide bomber detonates his explosives at the home of a tribal sheikh who celebrated the release of his son from US detention. The dinner was also attended by members of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awakening_movements_in_Iraq" title="Awakening movements in Iraq">Awakening movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-109" title="">[110]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-110" title="">[111]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">August 26 </a></td> <td align="right">28</td> <td align="right">45</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyala_Governorate" title="Diyala Governorate">Jalawla, Diyala Governorate</a>. 28 people were killed outside a police station by a suicide bomber.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-111" title="">[112]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">48</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a>. Nearly 50 people suffered injuries when a hidden bomb detonated in a commercial district. The government blames <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTTE" title="LTTE" class="mw-redirect">LTTE</a> operatives.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-112" title="">[113]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="September" id="September"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">September</span></h2> <table class="wikitable"><tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Dead</th> <th>Injured</th> <th>Location and description</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1 </a></td> <td align="right">4</td> <td align="right">26</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Colombia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Colombia"><img alt="Flag of Colombia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cali" title="Cali" class="mw-redirect">Cali</a>. Four people were killed and around 26 more wounded by a car bomb in the Colombian city of Cali in one of the worst urban attacks this year. Police said they believed FARC guerrillas were responsible for the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-113" title="">[114]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1 </a></td> <td align="right">7</td> <td align="right">34+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the Philippines"><img alt="Flag of the Philippines" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digos_City" title="Digos City">Digos City</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>. Investigators believe a woman left a bomb on board a passenger bus. The following explosion killed at least 7 and wounded at least 34.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-114" title="">[115]</a></sup> Police connect the blast to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Khobar_%28Philippines%29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Khobar (Philippines) (page does not exist)">al-Khobar</a>, an extortionist group that had threatened the bus company the week before the attack and has carried out similar attacks in the past few years. The group is believed to have loose ties to various insurgent groups, such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_People%27s_Army" title="New People's Army">New People's Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-115" title="">[116]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2" title="September 2">September 2 </a></td> <td align="right">7</td> <td align="right">7+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a>. A suicide car bomber struck an army checkpoint in the city of Mosul in Nineveh province, killing at least 7 and injuring at least 7.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-116" title="">[117]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2" title="September 2">September 2 </a></td> <td align="right">6</td> <td align="right">4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khost" title="Khost">Khost</a>. Six people, including two policemen, were killed in a roadside bomb attack and a Taliban ambush.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-117" title="">[118]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3 </a></td> <td align="right">6</td> <td align="right">24</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Ethiopia"><img alt="Flag of Ethiopia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>. A bomb exploded in a bar, killing 6 and injuring many more.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-118" title="">[119]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_6" title="September 6">September 6 </a></td> <td align="right">50+</td> <td align="right">80+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a>. Two bombs exploded in the city of Peshawar. The first occurred when suicide bomber in a pickup truck, detonated near a paramilitary checkpoint, killing 16.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-119" title="">[120]</a></sup> Two hours later, a suicide bomber struck a police post, killing 30 and injuring dozens.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-120" title="">[121]</a></sup> See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Peshawar_bombing" title="2008 Peshawar bombing">2008 Peshawar bombing</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12 </a></td> <td align="right">28</td> <td align="right">40</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_ad_Din_Governorate" title="Salah ad Din Governorate">Salah ad Din</a>. 28 people killed and 40 injured in a suicide car bombing in Dujail. The attack happened around 1800 (1500 GMT), when a suicide bomber <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_September_2008_Dujail_bombing" title="12 September 2008 Dujail bombing">drove and detonated</a> a vehicle into a police station.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-121" title="">[122]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13 </a></td> <td align="right">30</td> <td align="right">90</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_India.svg" class="image" title="Flag of India"><img alt="Flag of India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>. A series of 5 bombs <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">exploded in Delhi</a>, killing 30 and injuring 90. <sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-122" title="">[123]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">September 14 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Indonesia"><img alt="Flag of Indonesia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timika (page does not exist)">Timika</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua" title="Papua">Papua</a>. A bomb exploded near the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moses_Kilangin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moses Kilangin (page does not exist)">Moses Kilangin</a> airport.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-123" title="">[124]</a></sup> This was the third such explosion in the past week. All incidents have occurred on roads leading towards the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grasberg_mine" title="Grasberg mine">Grasberg mine</a> run by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeport-McMoRan" title="Freeport-McMoRan">Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-124" title="">[125]</a></sup> The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Papua_Movement" title="Free Papua Movement">Free Papua Movement</a> claimed responsibility and demanded the mine be closed.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-125" title="">[126]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15 </a></td> <td align="right">22</td> <td align="right">32</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyala_Governorate" title="Diyala Governorate">Diyala</a>. A female suicide bomber <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_September_2008_Balad_Ruz_bombing" title="15 September 2008 Balad Ruz bombing">detonates</a> herself at a party, killing 22 and injuring 32.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-126" title="">[127]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a></td> <td align="right">7+</td> <td align="right">101</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Mexico.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Mexico"><img alt="Flag of Mexico" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="13" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morelia" title="Morelia">Morelia</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n" title="Michoacán">Michoacán</a>. A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Morelia_bombings" title="2008 Morelia bombings">series of grenades are detonated</a> in crowds gathered to celebrate <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diecis%C3%A9is_de_septiembre" title="Dieciséis de septiembre" class="mw-redirect">Independence Day</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-127" title="">[128]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-128" title="">[129]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15 </a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Ireland"><img alt="Flag of Ireland" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>. A bomb was left outside of the downtown offices of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_E%26P_Ireland" title="Shell E&P Ireland" class="mw-redirect">Shell E&P Ireland</a>. The explosive, described as "home-made, crude and highly dangerous," was discovered at around 10:30pm and was destroyed in a controlled explosion about 50 minutes later.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-129" title="">[130]</a></sup> Protesters have recently been demonstrating against the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrib_gas_project" title="Corrib gas project">Corrib gas pipeline</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_to_Sea" title="Shell to Sea">Shell to Sea</a> group denied any involvement.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-130" title="">[131]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Colombia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Colombia"><img alt="Flag of Colombia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogota" title="Bogota" class="mw-redirect">Bogota</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huila" title="Huila">Huila</a>. Huila witnesses say two men launched a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortar" title="Mortar">mortar</a> to the Huila water company and then took off on a motorcycle. A bomb exploded on the corner of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a> avenue and Calle 24 in Bogotá. According to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Espectador" title="El Espectador">El Espectador</a>, the bomb was hidden in a plastic bag. Authorities were not able to say who were held responsible for the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-131" title="">[132]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">September 17</a></td> <td align="right">16+</td> <td align="right">16+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Yemen"><img alt="Flag of Yemen" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%E2%80%98a%E2%80%99" title="San‘a’">San‘a’</a>. A car bomb <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_American_Embassy_attack_in_Yemen" title="2008 American Embassy attack in Yemen">exploded</a> outside the U.S. Embassy and was ambushed by militants.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-132" title="">[133]</a></sup> The attackers, reportedly dressed as policemen, also exchanged rocket and gun fire. A group calling itself <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Jihad_in_Yemen" title="Islamic Jihad in Yemen" class="mw-redirect">Islamic Jihad in Yemen</a> claimed responsibility.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-133" title="">[134]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a></td> <td align="right">60+</td> <td align="right">250+</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>. The Marriott hotel is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad_Marriott_Hotel_bombing" title="Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing">attacked</a> by a massive suicide car bomb, killing over 60 and injuring 250. <sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-134" title="">[135]</a></sup> The blast caused a natural gas leak fire, which destroyed the hotel further. Hours before the blast, president <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asif_Ali_Zardari" title="Asif Ali Zardari">Asif Ali Zardari</a> addressed a joint session of Parliament and promised to root out terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-135" title="">[136]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">September 21</a></td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="right">12</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Country_%28autonomous_community%29" title="Basque Country (autonomous community)">Basque Country</a>. Three car bombs detonate in a 24 hour period killing one (a military personnel) and injuring 12. The ETA is confirmed by authorities as responsible.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-136" title="">[137]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">September 22</a></td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="right">~19</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Flag of Israel" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. At least 19 people were wounded when a Palestinian drove his car into a crowd of Israel Defense Forces soldiers at a busy intersection in the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-137" title="">[138]</a></sup> The driver was shot and killed at the scene by an Israeli soldier.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents,_2008#cite_note-138" title="">[139]</a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-74884068718636469942008-09-24T07:40:00.002-07:002008-09-24T07:41:49.749-07:001993 Bombay bombings<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>1993 Bombay bombings</span></span></h1> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">1993 Bombay Bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay" title="Bombay" class="mw-redirect">Bombay</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">March 12</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a><br />13:30-15:40 (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+ 5.5)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">13 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_bomb" title="Car bomb">car bombs</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a>) containing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrapnel" title="Shrapnel">shrapnel</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">257<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">713<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-BBC-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Underworld criminal groups (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Company" title="D-Company">D-Company</a>)</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>1993 Bombay bombings</b> were a series of thirteen bomb explosions that took place in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Bombay</a> (now <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>), <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">March 12</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> The coordinated attacks were the most destructive <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">bomb</a> explosions in Indian history. The single-day attacks resulted in up to 250 civilian fatalities and 700 injuries.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup> The attacks are believed to have been coordinated by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a>, don of the organized crime syndicate named <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Company" title="D-Company">D-Company</a>, which had operated as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorist</a> organization.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> It is believed that the attacks were carried out in retaliation for widespread massacre of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims" class="mw-redirect">Muslims</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> during December and January , and also the demolition of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Masjid" title="Babri Masjid" class="mw-redirect">Babri Masjid</a>.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#The_bombings"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">The bombings</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Aftermath"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Aftermath</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Arrests.2C_convictions_and_verdict"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Arrests, convictions and verdict</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#The_Memons"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">The Memons</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#The_Planters"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">The Planters</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Accused_involved"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Accused involved</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Landing_agents"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Landing agents</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Customs_officials"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Customs officials</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Policemen"><span class="tocnumber">4.6</span> <span class="toctext">Policemen</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Sanjay_Dutt_and_friends"><span class="tocnumber">4.7</span> <span class="toctext">Sanjay Dutt and friends</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#Others"><span class="tocnumber">4.8</span> <span class="toctext">Others</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Background" id="Background"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Background</span></h2> <p>In December 1992 and January 1993, there was widespread rioting in Bombay following the December 6 destruction of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayodhya" title="Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> by extreme <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> groups. Although there was no loss of life in the incident at the Babri Mosque, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Riots" title="Bombay Riots">series of riots</a> soon erupted throughout the nation, most notably in Bombay. After five years following the December-January riots, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._N._Srikrishna" title="B. N. Srikrishna">Srikrishna Commission</a> Report stated that nine hundred individuals lost their lives and over two thousand were injured, most of them <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>, in the riots.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="The_bombings" id="The_bombings"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">The bombings</span></h2> <p>At 1:30 p.m. a powerful <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_bomb" title="Car bomb">car bomb</a> exploded in the basement of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Stock_Exchange" title="Bombay Stock Exchange">Bombay Stock Exchange</a> building. The 28-story office building housing the exchange was severely damaged, and many nearby office buildings also suffered some damage. About 50 were killed by this explosion. About 30 minutes later, another car bomb exploded elsewhere in the city, and from 1:30 p.m. to 3:40 p.m. a total of 13 bombs exploded throughout Bombay. Most of the bombs were car bombs, but some were in scooters.</p> <p>Three hotels, the Hotel Sea Rock, Hotel Juhu Centaur, and Hotel Airport Centaur, were targeted by suitcase bombs left in rooms booked by the perpetrators. Banks, the regional passport office, hotels, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_India" title="Air India">Air India</a> Building, and a major shopping complex were also hit. Bombs exploded at Zaveri Bazaar, area opposite of Century Bazaar, Katha Bazaar, Shiv Sena Bhawan, and Plaza Theatre. A jeep-bomb at the Century Bazaar exploded early, thwarting another attack. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenade" title="Grenade" class="mw-redirect">Grenades</a> were also thrown at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahar_International_Airport" title="Sahar International Airport" class="mw-redirect">Sahar International Airport</a> and at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fishermen%27s_Colony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fishermen's Colony (page does not exist)">Fishermen's Colony</a>, apparently targeting <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu">Hindus</a> at the latter. A double decker bus was very badly damaged in one of the explosions and that single incident accounted for the greatest loss of life - perhaps up to ninety people were killed.</p> <p>Buildings attacked include</p> <ul><li>Bombay Stock Exchange Building</li><li>Hotel Sea Rock</li><li>Hotel Centaur, Juhu</li><li>Hotel Centaur, Santa Cruz</li><li>Plaza Cinema</li><li>Shiv Sena Bhawan</li><li>Zaveri Bazaar</li><li>Area opposite of Century Bazaar</li><li>Passport Office</li><li>Air India Building</li><li>Sahar Airport</li><li>Plaza Theatre, Dadar</li></ul> <p><a name="Aftermath" id="Aftermath"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Aftermath</span></h2> <p>The official number of dead was 257 with 1,400 others injured (some news sources say 317 people died;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> this is due to a bomb which killed 60 in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta" class="mw-redirect">Calcutta</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup>). Several days later, unexploded car bombs were discovered at a railway station. Islamic terrorist groups based in Pakistan were suspected to be responsible for these bombings, and evidence uncovered pointed to the involvement of underworld don <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a>.</p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_25" title="August 25">August 25</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>, two large and destructive bombs left in taxis exploded in south Mumbai - the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateway_of_India" title="Gateway of India">Gateway of India</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaveri_Bazaar" title="Zaveri Bazaar">Zaveri Bazaar</a> in the busy Kalbadevi area - killing 52 people, again entirely Hindus and wounding more than a hundred others. Two Islamic militant groups, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a>, were found to be responsible for the attacks. Along with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">July 2006 train bombings</a> in Mumbai, these attacks are believed to be in retaliation for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Gujarat_riots" title="2002 Gujarat riots" class="mw-redirect">2002 Gujarat riots</a> in which more than a thousand persons, mostly Muslims were killed,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup>, though the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> government denies such a connection.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_11" title="August 11">August 11</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, the former Chief Minister of Maharashtra, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharad_Pawar" title="Sharad Pawar">Sharad Pawar</a>, admitted, on record, that he had "deliberately misled" people following the 1993 Bombay blasts by saying there were "12 and not 11" explosions, adding the name of a Muslim-dominated locality to show that people from both communities had been affected.<sup id="cite_ref-Pawar_10-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-Pawar-10" title="">[11]</a></sup> He tried to justify this deception by claiming that it was a move to prevent communal riots by falsely portraying that both Hindu and Muslim communities in the city had been affected adversely. He also admits to lying about evidence recovered and misleading people into believing that some of it pointed to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Tigers" title="Tamil Tigers" class="mw-redirect">Tamil Tigers</a> as possible suspects.<sup id="cite_ref-Pawar_10-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-Pawar-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Arrests.2C_convictions_and_verdict" id="Arrests.2C_convictions_and_verdict"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Arrests, convictions and verdict</span></h2> <p>Many hundreds of people were arrested and detained in Indian courts. In 2006, 100 of the 129 finally accused were found to be guilty and were convicted by the specially designated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_and_Disruptive_Activities_%28Prevention%29_Act" title="Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act">TADA</a> court. Many of the 100 are still missing including the main conspirators and masterminds of the attacks - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Memon" title="Tiger Memon">Tiger Memon</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a>. On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, the special TADA court hearing the case convicted four members of the Memon family for their involvement in the 1993 Bombay bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-RED_11-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-RED-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p>Three other members of the Memon family were acquitted by the special TADA court with the judge giving them the benefit of doubt.<sup id="cite_ref-RED_11-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-RED-11" title="">[12]</a></sup> The four members of the Memon family are being held after being found guilty on charges of conspiring and abetting acts of terror.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup> All four of them face jail terms from five years in prison to life imprisonment, that will be determined based on the severity of their crime.<sup id="cite_ref-RED_11-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-RED-11" title="">[12]</a></sup> A day later, the TADA court announced that it would start pronouncing the verdict of the thirty-one people charged with transporting and planting bombs.</p> <p>Yakub Memon, the brother of prime accused <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Memon" title="Tiger Memon">Tiger Memon</a>, was charged for possession of unauthorised arms. After the blasts, family members of Tiger, including Yakub, escaped from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay" title="Bombay" class="mw-redirect">Bombay</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. Correspondents say Tiger Memon owned a restaurant in Bombay and was allegedly closely associated with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a>, the chief suspect.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-BBC2-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p>Except for Tiger and his brother Ayub, the entire family returned back to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and were prompty arrested by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">Central Bureau of Investigation</a> in 1994. Since then, Yakub has been in custody and is undergoing treatment for depression. The Memon family was subsequently tried in court and found guilty of conspiracy. The defense lawyers have asked for leniency in the sentencing and have caused delays in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-BBC2-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a>, believed to have masterminded the terrorist attacks, was the former Don of the Mumbai organized crime syndicate <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Company" title="D-Company">D-Company</a>, largely consisting of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>. He is suspected of having connections to several Islamic terrorist groups,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup> such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and its leader, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup> as well as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup> and was declared a terrorist by the governments of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in 2003. Ibrahim is now wanted by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> as a part of the worldwide terror syndicate of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup> He has been in hiding since the blasts and is believed to be hiding in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, which the Pakistani government denies.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup> The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush_administration" title="George W. Bush administration" class="mw-redirect">Bush administration</a> in the United States imposed sanctions on Ibrahim in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup></p> <p>The penalty stage of the longest running trial in India's history is still ongoing. In February 2007, prosecutors asked for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_penalty" title="Death penalty" class="mw-redirect">death penalty</a> for forty-four of the hundred convicted. The prosecution also requested the death penalty for those convicted of conspiracy in the case.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="The_Memons" id="The_Memons"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">The Memons</span></h3> <p><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakub_Memon" title="Yakub Memon">Yakub Memon</a></b> has spent approximately 15+ years in prison. He was sentenced to death by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanging" title="Hanging">hanging</a> by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">Judge</a>, Ashish Roy Pillai.</p> <dl><dd> <ul><li>Convicted for conspiracy.</li><li>Arranging finance and managing its disbursement through co-accused, Mulchand Shah and from a firm, Tejarath International, owned by absconding accused, and brother, Ayub Memon to achieve objectives of conspiracy.</li><li>Arranged for air tickets through Altafali Mushtaqali Sayyed, East West travels for the youths who were sent for arms and ammunition training to Pakistan. Also made arrangements for their lodging and boarding.</li><li>Purchased motor vehicles which were used while planting bombs.</li><li>Requested co-accused, Amjadali Meherbux and Altafali Sayyed, to store suitcases containing arms, ammunition, hand grenades and detonators.</li></ul> </dd></dl> <p><b>Essa and Yusuf Memon, brothers of Yakub</b></p> <dl><dd> <ul><li>Both charged for allowing their flat in Al-Hussaini building, Mahim to be used for terrorist activities.</li><li>Essa has already spent about 12 years in prison.</li><li>Yusuf is a schizophrenia patient, but has spent less than a year in prison.</li><li>For both Essa and Yusuf, the prosecution sought the death sentence.</li><li>Rubeena her Maruti car was the first piece of evidence in the trial. The prosecution has sought a lesser sentence for her.</li></ul> </dd></dl> <p><a name="The_Planters" id="The_Planters"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">The Planters</span></h3> <p>Prosecution has sought the death sentence for all except Imtiaz Ghavate as he suffers from AIDS. The prosecution has sought a lesser sentence for him.</p> <dl><dd><b>Shoiab Ghansar</b> planted an RDX-laden scooter in Zaveri Bazaar that killed 17 and injured 57 others <ul><li>He was also guilty of filling RDX in the scooter the previous night at Al-Hussaini building that killed 17 people and injured 57. He is Asghar Mukadam's cousin.</li><li>He was sentenced to death by the court on the counts of murder and participating in terrorist act <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup> on July 19, 2007<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Asghar Mukadam</b> planted an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a>-laden <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_bomb" title="Car bomb">van</a> in Plaza Cinema with Shahnawaz Qureshi that killed 10 and injured 37 others <ul><li>Participated in the loading of RDX in vehicles, on March 11</li><li>Collected money from Mulchand Shah and facilitating disbursement of money to other accused</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 19, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Shahnawaz Qureshi</b> planted an RDX-laden van at Plaza Cinema with Asghar Mukadam, killing 10 and injuring 37others <ul><li>Guilty of taking arms training in Pakistan via Dubai and of loading the contraband in Al-Hussaini building on March 11, 1993.</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 19, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Abdul Gani Turk</b> guilty of parking RDX-laden jeep at Century Bazaar killing 113 and injuring 227 <ul><li>Filling RDX in vehicles killing 113 and injuring 227</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 18, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Parvez Shaikh</b> guilty of parking a bomb in Katha Bazaar that killed four. <ul><li>Guilty of planting bomb in Hotel Sea Rock, destroying property worth nine crores.</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 18, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Mohammed Iqbal Mohammed Yusuf Shaikh</b> convicted for throwing hand grenades in Sahar airport; parking an unexploded RDX-laden scooter in Naigaon <ul><li>Obtaining arms training in Pakistan, loading RDX in vehicles on the night of March 11</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 20, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Naseem Barmare</b> guilty of hurling hand grenades at Sahar airport, parking unexploded scooter at Naigaum, taking training in Pakistan</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Mohammed Farooq Pawale</b> planting an RDX-laden car at Air-India building killing 20 and injuring 84. <ul><li>Parking an RDX-laden van near Sena Bhavan with approver killing 4 and injuring 50</li><li>Participated in arms training in Pakistan</li><li>Participated in the landing of arms and ammunition at Shekhadi</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 25, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Mustaq Tarani</b> participated in a meeting at hotel Taj Mahal. He did a recce of the sites for the blasts. <ul><li>Planting at Hotel Juhu Centaur injuring 3 and causing loss of property worth Rs 2.10 crore</li><li>Planting an unexploded scooter at Sheikh Memen street in Zaveri Bazaar</li><li>Sentenced to death on July 18, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-29" title="">[30]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Imtiaz Ghavate</b> only one who did not face death planted unexploded RDX-laden scooter at Dhanji street. He also participated in the landing of arms and ammunition at Shekhadi</dd></dl> <p><a name="Accused_involved" id="Accused_involved"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Accused involved</span></h3> <dl><dd><b>Mohammed Moin Qureshi</b>, <b>Feroz Amani Malik</b>, <b>Bashir Khairulla</b>, <b>Zakir Hussain</b> and <b>Abdul Akhtar Khan</b> had pelted handgrendes in Mahim Causeway causing three deaths and injuring six. The driver <b>Salim Shaikh</b>, did not pelt any handgrenades.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Bashir Khairulla</b> convicted for his participation in arms, ammunition and explosives training conducted by Tiger Memon in Sandheri and Bhorghat <ul><li>Convicted for participating in the conspirator's meetings in the house of Mubina Baya and for participating in the filling of RDX in the vehicles</li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Zakir Hussain</b> was convicted for participating in the arms, ammunition and weapon training in Pakistan, for participating in conspirator's meetings and participating in the filling of RDX <ul><li>Sentenced to death on July 24, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-30" title="">[31]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Abdul Akhtar Khan</b> convicted for taking arms, ammunition and explosives training in Pakistan. <ul><li>Sentenced to death on July 24, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-31" title="">[32]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Firoz Amani Malik</b> convicted for taking arms, ammunition and explosives training in Pakistan <ul><li>Sentenced to death on July 24, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-32" title="">[33]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Moin Qureshi</b> convicted for participating in the arms, ammunition and explosives training, participating in the conspirator's meeting and participating in the filling of RDX in vehicles on March 11. <ul><li>Was also found guilty for being in possession of 17 handgrenades.</li><li>Sentenced to life imprisonment on July 24, 2007. <sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-33" title="">[34]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <p><a name="Landing_agents" id="Landing_agents"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Landing agents</span></h3> <dl><dd><b>Dawood Phanse</b> in his 60s, he is guilty of conspiracy. Guilty of organising the landing of arms and ammunition in Shekhadi; attending a conspiracy meeting in Dubai with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a></dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Dadabhai Parkar</b>, landing at Shekhadi, showed training camps at Sandheri and Bhor Ghat, transportation of consignment. <ul><li>Acquitted of conspiracy, the prosecution has sought life imprisonment</li></ul> </dd></dl> <p><a name="Customs_officials" id="Customs_officials"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Customs officials</span></h3> <dl><dd><b>S N Thapa</b>, former additional customs collector, preventive <ul><li>Guilty of conspiracy. He got information about the landing at Shekhadi and that the main exit point could be in Mhasla Shrivardhan area. He laid a trap at Purarphata on Mhasla-Goregaon road on January 30. Besides that, his team gave up the vigil after February 2 in spite of the warnings. However, the CBI has asked for lesser sentence as he suffers from cancer. S N Thapa has died in early 2008. He was suffering from Cancer.</li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>R K Singh</b>, Former assistant commissioner of customs, <ul><li>convicted for facilitating RDX landing in Shekhadi after accepting bribe of more than 7.8 lakh Rupees.</li><li>Had meetings with the accused.</li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Mohammed Sultan</b>, Sayyed former customs superintendent. <ul><li>Convicted for facilitating RDX landing in Shekhadi after accepting bribe of more than 7.8 lakh.</li><li>Had attended meetings with the accused.</li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Jaywant Gurav</b>, former customs inspector. <ul><li>Convicted for allowing passage of RDX from Raigad to Mumbai</li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>S S Talwadekar</b>, former customs superintendent. <ul><li>Convicted for allowing passage of RDX from Raigad to Mumbai</li></ul> </dd></dl> <p><a name="Policemen" id="Policemen"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Policemen</span></h3> <dl><dd><b>Vijay Patil</b>, ex police sub-inspector <ul><li>Guilty of conspiracy and taking bribe to allow passage of RDX from Raigad to Mumbai</li><li>Has been sentenced to life imprisonment and 1 lakh rupees fine by TADA court on 22 May 2007</li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Ashok Muleshwar</b>, <b>P M Mahadik</b>, <b>Ramesh Mali</b> and <b>S Y Palshikar</b>; all Police Constables <ul><li>Guilty of allowing passage of RDX of arms from Raigad to Mumbai.</li><li>All four sentenced by TADA court to six years' imprisonment and a fine of Rs 25,000 each on May 21,2007</li></ul> </dd></dl> <p><a name="Sanjay_Dutt_and_friends" id="Sanjay_Dutt_and_friends"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Sanjay Dutt and friends</span></h3> <dl><dd><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjay_Dutt" title="Sanjay Dutt">Sanjay Dutt</a></b>, Has been convicted in the 1993 Mumbai blasts case.He has been sentenced to 6 years in Prison; Although many people, fans or otherwise, still deny the fact of his involvement. Sanjay Dutt's lawyer would be appealing for a bail in Supreme Court based on technicality. In 12 years the actor has never violated his bail provisions. Once he gets bail he can appeal in the Supreme Court to have the sentence set aside. This can take several years at the end of which he may be acquitted or sent back to jail to serve his six-year sentence. The worst-case scenario is that the Supreme Court feels that TADA should be applied on Dutt, which is unlikely but possible. If his appeal is accepted the Arms Act sentence is set aside. But If his appeal is rejected he goes to jail for 6 years (minus 16 months he's already done. Some critics question why TADA not applied on him?</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Yusuf Nulwalla</b>, convicted for trying to destroy Sanjay's arms. He has been sentenced to five years rigorous imprisonment with two years further for destroying the arms. Also, he has to pay Rs 25,000 as fine.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Kersi Adajenia</b>, convicted for trying to destroy Sanjay's arms. He has been sentence to two years rigorous imprisonment. He too has been slapped with a fine of Rs. 25,000 fine.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Rusi Mulla</b>, convicted for trying to destroy Sanjay's arms. He has been freed by the court but has to pay Rs. 1 lakh to the court.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>All four have been convicted under Arms Act and had applied for release under Probation of Offenders Act</dd></dl> <p><a name="Others" id="Others"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Others</span></h3> <dl><dd><b>Zaibunnisa Kadri</b> guilty for storing AK-56 and handgrendes at the instance of Anees Ibrahim and Abu Salem, she faces a minimum of five years RI.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Mansoor Ahmed</b> convicted for carrying weapons from Sanjay Dutt's house to co-accused's house has already spent 9 years in prison</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Samir Hingora</b> convicted for conspiracy. For supplying 3 AK-56 rifles, its magazines and ammunition, hand grenades to Sanjay Dutt's residence at told to by Anis Ibrahim. Prosecution has sought the death sentence</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Ibrahim Musa Chauhan</b> alias Baba Chauhan convicted for supplying AK-56 rifles, its magazines, ammunition, and hand grenades to Sanjay Dutt and Salim Kurla as told to by Anis Ibrahim. He was also convicted for being in unauthorised possession of one AK 56 rifles, 635 ammunition, 10 magazines, and 25 handgrenades, which were recovered by the police</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Ejaz Pathan</b> extradited from Dubai in 2003, participated in Dubai meetings, provided men for landing of arms and ammunition at Shekhadi, for being in possession of arms and sending youth to Dubai for arms training. Referenced from <sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings#cite_note-34" title="">[35]</a></sup></dd></dl>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-5121985921328223062008-09-24T07:40:00.001-07:002008-09-24T07:40:39.668-07:002007 Uttar Pradesh bombings<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh Serial Blasts</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:UttarPraseshSerialBlasts.png" class="image" title="UttarPraseshSerialBlasts.png"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c8/UttarPraseshSerialBlasts.png/250px-UttarPraseshSerialBlasts.png" border="0" width="250" height="283" /></a><br /><span style="">Three cities of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> where bombs were planted</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faizabad" title="Faizabad">Faizabad</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November" title="23 November" class="mw-redirect">23 November</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a><br />13:05 – 13:32 (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+5:30)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bombings</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Weapon(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Improvised_explosive_devices" title="Improvised explosive devices" class="mw-redirect">Improvised explosive devices</a> made with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate">Ammonium nitrate</a><sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">18</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">81</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Suspected perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> / <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a> <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; 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Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px;"> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">Malegaon</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bangalore</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2008</a></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /><b>Six consecutive serial blasts</b> rocked <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faizabad" title="Faizabad">Faizabad</a> courts in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> on 23 November 2007 afternoon in a span of 25 minutes, in which reportedly many people were killed and several others injured.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></p> <p>Bombs were explicitly targeted to the lawyers who were working in courts premises at these cities. The first blast occurred in Varanasi <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_court" title="Civil court" class="mw-redirect">civil court</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collectorate" title="Collectorate" class="mw-redirect">collectorate</a> premises between 13:05 and 13:07 pm. Two successive blasts occurred in Faizabad <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_Courts_of_India" title="District Courts of India">district court</a> around 13:12 and 13:15, closely followed by one at Lucknow at 13:32.</p> <p>The blasts came a week after the Uttar Pradesh police along with central security agencies busted a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a> terrorists which planned to abduct <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahul_Gandhi" title="Rahul Gandhi">Rahul Gandhi</a>. The blasts may be in retaliation to the arrested terrorists being beaten up by lawyers and not being assigned even a counsel to defend them in the court.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#Lucknow_blasts"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Lucknow blasts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#Varanasi_blasts"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Varanasi blasts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#Faizabad_blasts"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Faizabad blasts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#Terror_Mail_just_before_blasts"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Terror Mail just before blasts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#HuJI.27s_hand_suspected"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">HuJI's hand suspected</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#Lawyers.27_strike_to_protest_blasts"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Lawyers' strike to protest blasts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#Reactions"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Reactions</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Lucknow_blasts" id="Lucknow_blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Lucknow blasts</span></h2> <p>In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a> two bomb were found one triggered panic after explosion and other unexploded powerful live bomb was deactivated by bomb disposal squads. Both the bombs were planted in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycles" title="Bicycles" class="mw-redirect">bicycles</a> in civil court premises. Lucknow blast was mildest among all other blasts in Faizabad and Varanasi.</p> <p><a name="Varanasi_blasts" id="Varanasi_blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Varanasi blasts</span></h2> <p>Three consecutive blasts claimed most lives in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> at least 11 people were killed including four lawyers and 42 injured. Bomb were tied to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycles" title="Bicycles" class="mw-redirect">bicycles</a> which exploded around 13:05-13:15.</p> <p><a name="Faizabad_blasts" id="Faizabad_blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Faizabad blasts</span></h2> <p>Two successive blasts occurred in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faizabad" title="Faizabad">Faizabad</a> which were strongest among all. In these blasts at least four people were killed on spot and about 15 were injured.</p> <p><a name="Terror_Mail_just_before_blasts" id="Terror_Mail_just_before_blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Terror Mail just before blasts</span></h2> <p>A little known group <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahidin" title="Indian Mujahidin" class="mw-redirect">Indian Mujahidin</a> has claimed responsibility of these blasts. This group apparently sent an email (e-mail id-guru_alhind@yahoo.fr) to some private TV channels just five minutes before the blasts. This email says the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> is in retaliation against the injustice to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslims_in_India" title="Muslims in India" class="mw-redirect">Muslims in India</a>, the demolition of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Masjid" title="Babri Masjid" class="mw-redirect">Babri Masjid</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat_riots" title="Gujarat riots" class="mw-redirect">Gujarat riots</a>. Indian Mujahideen also claimed responsibility for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">blasts in Delhi</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">and Hyderabad</a> but refused any association with the attacks on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">2006 Malegaon blasts</a>.</p> <p><a name="HuJI.27s_hand_suspected" id="HuJI.27s_hand_suspected"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">HuJI's hand suspected</span></h2> <p>Investigating agencies suspect a the hand of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> based terrorist outfit <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a>(HuJI) pointsman who goes by the name Guru has emerged as a prime suspect. Intelligence agencies suspect that Guru may have planned the attacks executed by sleeper cells of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Taiba" title="Lashkar-e-Taiba" class="mw-redirect">Lashkar-e-Taiba</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a> possibly under the banner of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Qaida-fil-al-Hindi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Qaida-fil-al-Hindi (page does not exist)">al-Qaida-fil-al-Hindi</a> (meaning al-Qaida in India).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Lawyers.27_strike_to_protest_blasts" id="Lawyers.27_strike_to_protest_blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Lawyers' strike to protest blasts</span></h2> <p>Bar Council of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> decided to go on strike to protest against these terrorist activities. In the state capital, lawyers moved about in groups in the court compounds and raised slogans against terrorism. The government has tightened security arrangements in the courts throughout the state after the Friday blasts. Lawyers from other states also join state bar council and observing the day as shok diwas.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Reactions" id="Reactions"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Reactions</span></h2> <ul><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Minister for Home Affairs (India)">Union Home Ministry of India</a> said it's a terrorist strike meant to disturb <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communal_harmony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Communal harmony (page does not exist)">communal harmony</a>.</li><li>Uttar Pradesh's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayawati" title="Mayawati" class="mw-redirect">Chief Minister</a> condemned serial blasts and announced a compensation of Rs.200,000 to the next of kin to each of those killed and Rs.50,000 for those injured in the incidents. She also said that it is a complete failure of central <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_agencies" title="Intelligence agencies" class="mw-redirect">intelligence agencies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup></li><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Manmohan_Singh" title="Dr. Manmohan Singh" class="mw-redirect">Dr. Manmohan Singh</a> condemned serial blasts and announced a compensation of Rs.100,000 from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Prime_Minister%27s_National_Relief_Fund" title="The Prime Minister's National Relief Fund">Prime Minister's National Relief Fund</a> to kin of each of those killed in blasts.</li><li>British <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_High_Commissioners_from_the_United_Kingdom_to_India" title="List of High Commissioners from the United Kingdom to India">High Commissioner to India</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Stagg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Stagg (page does not exist)">Richard Stagg</a> said in a statement <i>"We condemn all forms of terrorism. It is a particularly worrying development that the judiciary and the legal system have been attacked. Our thoughts are with the affected families"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></li></ul>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-52874754649423282032008-09-24T07:39:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:40:04.553-07:002008 Delhi bombings<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>2008 Delhi bombings</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">13 September 2008 Delhi bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><img class="noprint" style="padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; cursor: pointer;" title="show location on an interactive map" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Erioll_world.svg/18px-Erioll_world.svg.png" /><a href="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=2008_Delhi_bombings&params=28.6_N_77.2_E_region:IN-DL_type:landmark" class="external text" title="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=2008_Delhi_bombings&params=28.6_N_77.2_E_region:IN-DL_type:landmark" rel="nofollow"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 28°36′N 77°12′E"><span class="latitude">28°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">77°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec geo" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 28.6 77.2"><span class="latitude">28.6</span>, <span class="longitude">77.2</span></span></span></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">13 September 2008<br />18:07 to 18:38 (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+05:30)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Weapon(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate">Ammonium nitrate</a>-based bombs tied to integrated circuits with timers</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">30<sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">130<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Suspected perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Motive</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Retaliation against perceived persecution of Muslims</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>2008 Delhi bombings</b> were a series of five synchronized <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explosion" title="Explosion">bomb blasts</a> that took place within a span of few minutes on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a> at various locations in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> The first bomb exploded at 6:10 pm <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a> (1240 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>), and four other blasts followed in succession,<sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> with at least 30 people killed and over 100 injured.<sup id="cite_ref-IBN_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-IBN-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Details"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Details</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Response"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Response</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Police_and_security"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Police and security</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Press_confusion"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Press confusion</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Responsibility"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Responsibility</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Investigation"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Investigation</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Background" id="Background"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Background</span></h2> <div class="infobox sisterproject"> <div class="floatleft"><span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wikinews-logo.svg" class="image" title="Wikinews-logo.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/45px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" border="0" width="45" height="26" /></a></span></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a> has related news: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Delhi_rocked_by_bomb_blasts" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Delhi rocked by bomb blasts">Delhi rocked by bomb blasts</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <p>Three bomb attacks had already occurred the same year in India. The first of these was on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">13 May in Jaipur</a>. The series of nine blasts over a span of 15 minutes claimed 63 lives, and injured 216.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup> The second series of nine bomb blasts took place on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">25 July in Bangalore</a>, and claimed 2 lives, while injuring 20.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> The next day, on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">26 July in Ahmedabad</a>, a spurt of 21 blasts killed 56 people and injured over 200.</p> <p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a> claimed responsibility for the Jaipur bombings through an email sent to Indian media<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup> and declared "open war" against India in retaliation for what it said were 60 years of Muslim persecution and the country's support of United States' policies, most notably the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_%282001-present%29" title="War in Afghanistan (2001-present)" class="mw-redirect">war in Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-CNN-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i> has reported that either the banned organization <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a> or the militant organization <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> could be behind the blasts in Bangalore.<sup id="cite_ref-SIMI.2C_LeT_may_be_behind_Bangalore_blasts:_IB_7-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-SIMI.2C_LeT_may_be_behind_Bangalore_blasts:_IB-7" title="">[8]</a></sup> Similar to the Jaipur case, after the Ahmedabad blasts, several TV channels reported that they received e-mails from the Indian Mujahideen claiming responsibility for the terror attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-itgo_8-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-itgo-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; float: right; clear: right; width: 315px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 2px;"> <table id="collapsibleTable0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;">[<a href="javascript:collapseTable(0);" id="collapseButton0">show</a>]</span> <div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"> <div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; 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Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"> <td></td> </tr> <tr style="display: none;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">Malegaon</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bangalore</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><strong class="selflink">Delhi 2008</strong></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Police say the Indian Mujahideen is an offshoot of the banned Students Islamic Movement of India, but allege that local Muslims are given training and backing from militant groups in neighbouring Pakistan and Bangladesh.<sup id="cite_ref-REUTERS_9-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-REUTERS-9" title="">[10]</a></sup> <a name="Details" id="Details"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Details</span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 302px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Delhi_2008_blasts_final.svg" class="image" title="A map of Delhi showing the blast locations"><img alt="A map of Delhi showing the blast locations" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Delhi_2008_blasts_final.svg/300px-Delhi_2008_blasts_final.svg.png" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="300" height="314" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Delhi_2008_blasts_final.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> A map of Delhi showing the blast locations<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></div> </div> </div> <p>Five blasts took place within a span of 31 minutes from 18:07 to 18:38 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup> (12:37 to 13:08 UTC) in busy markets or commercial localities. Four bombs were defused.</p> <p>The first blast took place at 18:07 at Ghaffar market (a municipal market along a stretch of Ajmal Khan Road, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol_Bagh" title="Karol Bagh">Karol Bagh</a>) in which at least 20 people were injured. They were rushed to nearby <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Manohar_Lohia_Hospital" title="Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital">RML hospital</a>. The explosive was kept near a car, and resulted in a cylinder blast in an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">auto rickshaw</a>, which was subsequently thrown up several feet into the air.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></p> <p>Immediately after, two explosions took place in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connaught_Place,_New_Delhi" title="Connaught Place, New Delhi">Connaught Place</a> in which at least 10 people were injured. Police and witnesses said that the bombs went off in dustbins in and around Connaught Place, a shopping and dining area popular with tourists and locals in the centre of the city. The first of these blasts occurred on Barakhamba Road, near Nirmal Tower and Gopal Das Bhavan at 18:34. A minute later, the second bomb exploded in the newly constructed Central Park in the centre of the Connaught Place roundabout, built above one of the main stations of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Mass_Rapid_Transit_System" title="Delhi Mass Rapid Transit System">Delhi Metro</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#Investigation" title="">An eyewitness reportedly saw</a> two men place the bomb in a dustbin at Central Park.<sup id="cite_ref-Outlook_13-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Outlook-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p>Subsequently, two explosions rocked M-Block market in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Kailash" title="Greater Kailash">Greater Kailash-I</a> at 18:37 and 18:38 – the first near the popular Prince Paan Corner, and the other near a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi%27s" title="Levi's" class="mw-redirect">Levi's</a> store. The latter damaged 10 shops.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></p> <p>Preliminary examination of the blast site said that low intensity ammonium nitrate tied to integrated circuits with timer devices had been used in almost all the serial blasts. <sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></p> <p>Four bombs were also defused - the first one at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_Gate" title="India Gate">India Gate</a>, the second outside Regal Cinema in Connaught Place, the third in Connaught Place, and the fourth on Parliament Street. <sup id="cite_ref-ZEE_14-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-ZEE-14" title="">[15]</a></sup></p> <p>On the evening of 13 September 2008, IBN reported at least 30 deaths and over 100 injured.<sup id="cite_ref-IBN_2-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-IBN-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">AFP</a> reported that "Indian police (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> police spokesman Rajan Bhagat) said Sunday that 20 people were killed and close to 100 injured."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Response" id="Response"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Response</span></h2> <p><a name="Police_and_security" id="Police_and_security"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Police and security</span></h3> <p>Security was tightened across the national capital, with police personnel fanning out to railway and Metro stations, hospitals, bus terminals, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport" title="Indira Gandhi International Airport">airport</a> and other sensitive points like cinema halls, shopping malls and religious places. Barricades were put up on most city roads to check traffic. Several major markets, including the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarojini_Nagar" title="Sarojini Nagar">Sarojini Nagar</a> market, which was targeted in the previous <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Diwali-eve blasts in 2005</a>, were shut down and evacuated. Cyber-café owners were asked to keep a tab on customers.</p> <p>A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Industrial_Security_Force" title="Central Industrial Security Force">Central Industrial Security Force</a> (CISF) spokesperson state that "security has already been strengthened and frisking and checking of the commuters have been stepped up. The Metro is under constant vigil". He added that extra personnel had been pressed into service to keep an eye on commuters. <sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Press_confusion" id="Press_confusion"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Press confusion</span></h3> <p>The confusion in the aftermath of the blasts was evident in the press reports immediately following. The general consensus was that the blasts had claimed 18 lives.<sup id="cite_ref-Outlook_13-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Outlook-13" title="">[14]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-REUTERS_9-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-REUTERS-9" title="">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZEE_14-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-ZEE-14" title="">[15]</a></sup> However, there was some disparity, with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> claiming as low as 15,<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_6-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-CNN-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDTV" title="NDTV">NDTV</a> claiming as high as 30.<sup id="cite_ref-NDTV_16-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-NDTV-16" title="">[17]</a></sup>.</p> <p>There was also some controversy over blast sites and the sites where bombs were defused, most notably that where <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zee_News" title="Zee News" class="mw-redirect">Zee News</a> reported a bomb being defused at Central Park,<sup id="cite_ref-ZEE_14-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-ZEE-14" title="">[15]</a></sup> while the <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outlook_%28magazine%29" title="Outlook (magazine)">Outlook</a></i> Magazine stated that the park was a bomb site.<sup id="cite_ref-Outlook_13-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Outlook-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Responsibility" id="Responsibility"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Responsibility</span></h2> <p>The "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a>" sent an e-mail to all major TV channels, informing them of the blasts just after the first one occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-ET_17-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-ET-17" title="">[18]</a></sup> In the case of the bomb blasts in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a>, e-mails were sent before the blasts.</p> <table style="border-style: none; margin: auto; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;" valign="top" width="20">“</td> <td style="padding: 4px 10px;" valign="top">Indian Mujahideen strikes back once more. Within 5 minutes from now... This time with the Message of Death, dreadfully terrorising you for your sins. And thus our promise will be fulfilled. Inshallah...Do whatever you want and stop us if you can<sup id="cite_ref-Outlook_13-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Outlook-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></td> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 36px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;" valign="bottom" width="20">”</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The email was sent from Arbi Hindi (al_arbi_delhi@yahoo.com). The email threatened nine blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ET_17-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-ET-17" title="">[18]</a></sup> A 13-page attached document depicts photographs of the previous blasts under the caption "our <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a>". The Delhi blasts are, according to the email, a direct reaction to the raids carried on and after the Ahmedabad blasts, and "harassments imposed by your (Indian) ATS and the police on the innocent Muslims". The document also mentions <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarnath_land_transfer_controversy" title="Amarnath land transfer controversy">Amarnath dispute</a>, violence against Christians in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissa" title="Orissa">Orissa</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Masjid" title="Babri Masjid" class="mw-redirect">Babri Masjid</a> demolition and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat_riots" title="Gujarat riots" class="mw-redirect">Gujarat riots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ET_17-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-ET-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></p> <p>The email was traced to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chembur" title="Chembur">Chembur</a>, an eastern suburb of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>. Mumbai's anti-Terrorism squad (ATS) confirmed that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiFi" title="WiFi" class="mw-redirect">WiFi</a> of the owner firm "Kamran Power" was hacked and used for sending the mail.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></p> <p>Reports claim that the Indian Mujahideen called this operation "<i>Operation B-A-D</i>", encompassing the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts"><b>B</b>angalore</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings"><b>A</b>hmedabad</a> and <b>D</b>elhi Bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-Outlook_13-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Outlook-13" title="">[14]</a></sup> Intelligence officials had intercepted a call made "from the across the border" claiming "Operation BAD is successful", after the Ahmedabad blasts, which the Gujarat police that interpreted as Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Delhi, though the dates and specific places were not known.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Investigation" id="Investigation"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigation</span></h2> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>See also: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a></i></span></dd></dl> <p>Two persons were detained from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connaught_Place,_New_Delhi" title="Connaught Place, New Delhi">Connaught Place</a> area soon after the blasts. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Police" title="Delhi Police" class="mw-redirect">Delhi Police</a> said a 11 year old boy had claimed to have seen the terrorists; he informed the police that terrorists clad in black <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurta" title="Kurta">kurta</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyjama" title="Pyjama" class="mw-redirect">pyjama</a> were seen placing bags in a dustbin.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_0-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Times-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> The Delhi Police soon, within three hours of the blast, arrested another person who the police suspect to be the mastermind of the blast.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></p> <p>Preliminary investigation by police reveal Indian Mujahideen-SIMI cell led by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Subhan_Qureshi" title="Abdul Subhan Qureshi">Abdul Subhan Qureshi</a> alias <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauqir" title="Tauqir" class="mw-redirect">Tauqir</a>, having information technology background from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, to be involved. Another person named Qayamuddin is also under investigation. Four more people have also been detained and questioned.<sup id="cite_ref-Mumbai_techie_chief_suspect:_Agencies_20-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-Mumbai_techie_chief_suspect:_Agencies-20" title="">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></p> <p>In the morning of 19 September, the Delhi Police shoot down two terrorist hiding in L-18 block of Jamia Nagar, Delhi. Two terrorists were arrested while one managed to escape. Bashir alias Atif, believed to be the mastermind was one of the two killed. Inspector <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohan_Chand_Sharma" title="Mohan Chand Sharma">Mohan Chand Sharma</a>, who was injured in the encounter, has died in a hospital. He was credited with helping to kill 35 terrorists, 85 arrests and also the winner of 75-odd encounters, 150 medals and seven gallantry awards. <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup> Later, the intelligent team said that the arrested terrorists allegedly have links with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> and further questioning if they have any link with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawood_Ibrahim" title="Dawood Ibrahim">Dawood Ibrahim</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-26316841178552743872008-09-24T07:38:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:39:12.849-07:002006 Malegaon blasts<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>2006 Malegaon blasts</span></span></h1><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">2006 blasts at Malegaon</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malegaon" title="Malegaon">Malegaon</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">8 September</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+5.5)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bombings</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">37</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">>125</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">(Suspected outfits)—<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Student Islamic Movement of India" class="mw-redirect">Student Islamic Movement of India</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; 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Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px;"> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><strong class="selflink">Malegaon</strong> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bangalore</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2008</a></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>2006 Malegaon bombings</b> were a series of bomb blasts that took place on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">8 September</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malegaon" title="Malegaon">Malegaon</a>, a town in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashik" title="Nashik">Nashik</a> district of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_India" title="States of India" class="mw-redirect">state</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, located at some 290 km to the northeast of state capital <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>.</p> <p>The explosions, which caused the deaths of at least 37 people and injured over 125 more, took place in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslim</a> cemetery, adjacent to a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a>, at around 13:15 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IST" title="IST" class="mw-redirect">local time</a> after <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat" title="Salat" class="mw-redirect">Friday prayers</a> on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Sha%27ban" title="Mid-Sha'ban">Shab e Bara'at</a> holy day. Most of the blast victims were Muslim pilgrims. Security forces spoke of "two bombs attached to bicycles", but other reports indicated that three devices had exploded. A stampede ensued after the devices exploded. A curfew was imposed in the town and state paramilitaries were deployed in sensitive areas to prevent unrest. According to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> Police, blasts are the handiwork of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Student Islamic Movement of India" class="mw-redirect">Student Islamic Movement of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#Reactions"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Reactions</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#Investigations"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Investigations</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#Arrests"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Arrests</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#Suspicions_and_press_releases"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Suspicions and press releases</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Reactions" id="Reactions"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Reactions</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Maharashtra" title="Chief Minister of Maharashtra" class="mw-redirect">Maharashtra Chief Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilasrao_Deshmukh" title="Vilasrao Deshmukh">Vilasrao Deshmukh</a> promised compensation payments of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INR" title="INR">Rs</a> 1,00,000 (approx. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>1700 or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USD" title="USD" class="mw-redirect">US$</a>2150) to the next-of-kin of the deceased.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=But_the_Muslims_of_Malegaon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="But the Muslims of Malegaon (page does not exist)">Relatives of victims</a> cancelled the compensation payments of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INR" title="INR">Rs</a> 1,00,000 (approx. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>1700 or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USD" title="USD" class="mw-redirect">US$</a>2150) immediately.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> condemned the blasts and appealed for calm.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Minister_%28India%29" title="Home Minister (India)" class="mw-redirect">Home Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a> said the incident seemed designed to "divide the various sections of the public."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Congress party</a> president <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonia_Gandhi" title="Sonia Gandhi">Sonia Gandhi</a> has called on Indians to maintain calm.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></li><li>A home ministry official in Delhi said central security forces, including personnel from the anti-riot <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Action_Force" title="Rapid Action Force">Rapid Action Force</a>, were sent to Malegaon.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></li><li>There were episodes of violence when Muslims in Malegaon attacked police and their vehicles following the blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></li><li>Various Muslim leaders have denounced the bombings and prayed for peace.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup>. In particular, Muslims in the state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> demonstrated against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> for its alleged involvement in the blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></li><li>US ambassador <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Mulford" title="David Mulford">David Mulford</a> said he was "shocked and saddened by the brutal terrorist bombings" and that the US stood "with India in its fight against terrorism".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><a name="Investigations" id="Investigations"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigations</span></h2> <p><a name="Arrests" id="Arrests"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Arrests</span></h3> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">10 September</a>, news channel <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDTV" title="NDTV">NDTV</a> reported it had learnt that investigators had identified the owner of one of the bicycles on which a bomb was planted.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p>On the same day, police released sketches of two suspects wanted in connection with the bomb attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-autogenerated1-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">11 September</a>, Maharashtra Director General of Police <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._S._Pasricha" title="P. S. Pasricha">P. S. Pasricha</a> said that the officers investigating the Malegaon blasts probe had gained vital leads and expressed confidence that a breakthrough will be achieved soon.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">30 October</a>, Times of India reported that first arrest is made in Malegaon blast case. This is the arrest of Noor-Ul-Hooda, an activist of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a>. <a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/239612.cms" class="external autonumber" title="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/239612.cms" rel="nofollow">[2]</a>. The DGP of Mumbai, Mr. Pasricha said the they are very close to crack the case and the two other suspects are Shabeer Batterywala and Raees Ahmad.</p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">30 October</a>, many other news media reported from Mr. Pasricha saying that this is the first arrest <a href="http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1061041" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1061041" rel="nofollow">[3]</a>. An earlier news in Indian express that twenty arrests have been made has not been confirmed by any media including Indian Express. Yahoo news publishes the story with headline first arrest <a href="http://in.news.yahoo.com/061030/137/68wnm.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://in.news.yahoo.com/061030/137/68wnm.html" rel="nofollow">[4]</a>.</p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">6 November</a> the times of India reported from Anti Terrorist Squad (ATS) that the prime conspirator Shabbir Batterywala is an operative of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> [LeT] and the co-conspirator is Raees Ahmad is from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMI" title="SIMI">SIMI</a> <a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/334758.cms" class="external autonumber" title="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/334758.cms" rel="nofollow">[5]</a>.</p> <p><a name="Suspicions_and_press_releases" id="Suspicions_and_press_releases"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Suspicions and press releases</span></h3> <p>The Maharashtra police initially suspected <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> or the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a> of involvement in the attacks. No evidence was released against any of these groups<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup>, though the police claimed on 13 October to have identified the perpetrators<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup>. Lashkar-e-Toiba has had contacts with the controversial <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a> in the region before.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup> Police are also suspecting <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> in the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup> On September 10, police sources said that the methods used are similar to attacks on mosques earlier in 2006 for which 16 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a> activists, allegedly part of a "fringe group" of the organization, were arrested but not charged.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></p> <p>Malegaon has been the focus of communal tension for some time, which spilled out into the open in 1984, 1992, and 2001, when there were large scale protest over the US invasion of Afghanistan. Police had killed 12 Muslim protesters after a brief altercation with them. The erstwhile <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> regime in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> had enjoyed immense support from Muslims in Malegaon.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></p> <p>On May 2006, police recovered a cache of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a> explosives and automatic rifles from the region based on information they said was provided by arrested extremist Islamists.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a></sup> The arrested were former members of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></p> <p>In the September 2006 incident,police investigations have determined that the explosives contained in these bombings were "a cocktail of RDX, ammonium nitrate and fuel oil — the same mixture used in 7/11",<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup> referring to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings</a>, a terrorist incident for which several Islamist groups are suspects. Since the investigation was still under way, Nasik Superintendent of Police Rajvardhan declined to give details, saying: "We can't say anything till we get reports from all the agencies".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup></p> <p>However, the Anti-Terrorist Squad has prima facie ruled out the involvement of Hindu Nationalist groups like the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a> in the Malegaon blasts citing two reasons:</p> <ol><li>RDX is only available to Islamic terrorist outfits.</li><li>Bajrang Dal activists so far have only used crude bombs, nothing as sophisticated as the ones in Malegaon.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></li></ol> <p>Ajai Sahni, an intelligence analyst who tracks terrorist groups in South Asia, also said it was unlikely to be a Hindu group because they "lacked the organisation for such an attack".<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-autogenerated1-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, Indian Prime Minister referred as inappropriate to "rule out or rule in" the involvement of Hindu groups saying that "It will be inappropriate for us to rule out anything or rule in anything. I think there should be a fair investigation which inspires confidence and brings out the truth and nothing but the truth without any pre-conceived notion. That has to be the objective".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup>.</p> <p>Reporter B. Raman, in an op-ed published on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">September 11</a>, noted that "while it is too early to rule out the possibility of either Islamic or Hindu extremists as the perpetrators, there have been "attempts by some leaders of the Muslim community to create a divide between the community and the police by questioning the impartiality of the police and levelling other allegations against the investigating officers".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup>.</p> <p>As of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, the most recent arrests involved members of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a> and suspicions are presently directed at them as, after the arrests, the police have claimed to be closer to solving the case<a href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/239612.cms" class="external autonumber" title="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/239612.cms" rel="nofollow">[6]</a>.</p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">28 November</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, Mumbai police stated that two Pakistani nationals were involved in the explosions. "We have successfully detected the Malegaon blasts case. We are, however, on the lookout for eight more suspects in the case," said DGP PS Pasricha. The Anti-Terrorism Squad probing into the case has already arrested eight suspects, including two booked in the July 11 Mumbai serial blasts, in connection with four explosions that rocked the town killing 31 people and injuring more than 200. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a></sup></p> <p>Three accused gave a confession before a competent authority about their involvement in the conspiracy but soon thereafter two of them retracted before a magistrate, saying they had not made a voluntary disclosure.</p> <p>Farooq Anwar Iqbal Maqdumi, Shaikh Mohammed Ali Alam Shaikh and Asif Khan Bashir Khan alias Junaid purportedly made a confession before a Deputy Commissioner of Police, a competent authority to record confession under Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act.</p> <p>Later, Shaikh Mohammed Ali and Asif Khan alias Junaid retracted their confession before the Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, saying it was not given voluntarily.</p> <p>This was revealed to a special court by the accused themselves when they were produced before it for remand.</p> <p>The development assumes significance as under MCOCA, a confession does not have evidential value if it is not a voluntary and true disclosure.</p> <p>Altogether five accused were produced before judge Mridula Bhatkar who remanded four of them -- Salman Farsi, Farooq Anwar, Shaikh Mohammed and Asif Khan to judicial custody till December 15 2006 and Mohammed Zahid Abdul Majid to police custody till December 16 2006.</p> <p>Seeking their remand, public prosecutor Raja Thakre said the accused had played a vital role in the conspiracy and investigations conducted by Anti-Terrorist Squad so far had revealed involvement of more persons who are yet to be arrested. <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts#cite_note-29" title="">[30]</a></sup></p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-3209464887942993192008-09-24T07:37:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:38:22.263-07:002006 Varanasi bombings<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>2006 Varanasi bombings</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; float: right; clear: right; width: 315px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 2px;"><br /></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">2006 Varanasi bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">March 7</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+5.5)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bombing</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">28</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">101</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Lashkar-e Kahar/Qahab</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 152px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:WikiprojectIndiacities_varanasi.png" class="image" title="Location of Varanasi in India"><img alt="Location of Varanasi in India" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/WikiprojectIndiacities_varanasi.png/150px-WikiprojectIndiacities_varanasi.png" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="150" height="168" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:WikiprojectIndiacities_varanasi.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> Location of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 219px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Varanasi_blasts_map.png" class="image" title="Map of blast locations"><img alt="Map of blast locations" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Varanasi_blasts_map.png" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="217" height="314" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Varanasi_blasts_map.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> Map of blast locations</div> </div> </div> <p>The <b>2006 Varanasi bombings</b> were a series of bombings that occurred across the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> holy city of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">7 March</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. At least 28 people are reported to have been killed and as many as 101 others were injured<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Blasts"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Blasts</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Blast_at_the_Temple"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Blast at the Temple</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Blast_at_the_station"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Blast at the station</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Timing_of_the_blasts"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Timing of the blasts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Rescue_and_relief_operations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Rescue and relief operations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Investigation"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Investigation</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Official_response"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Official response</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#World_reaction"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">World reaction</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Suspects"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Suspects</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#Timeline"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Timeline</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Blasts" id="Blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Blasts</span></h2> <p><a name="Blast_at_the_Temple" id="Blast_at_the_Temple"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Blast at the Temple</span></h3> <p>The blasts occurred nearly simultaneously shortly after 6:00 p.m. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">Indian Standard Time</a> (12:30 p.m. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>). The first blast took place at 6:20 p.m at the crowded <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankat_Mochan_Hanuman_Temple_%28Varanasi%29" title="Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple (Varanasi)">Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple</a> near the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banaras_Hindu_University" title="Banaras Hindu University">Banaras Hindu University</a>. Hundreds of pilgrims were in temple as it was a Tuesday, believed to be particularly holy by the devotees of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>, a deity at the temple. The bomb was placed in a container near a gate at the temple where women usually sit. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Blast_at_the_station" id="Blast_at_the_station"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Blast at the station</span></h3> <p>One other blast followed at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi_Cantonment_Railway_Station" title="Varanasi Cantonment Railway Station">Varanasi Cantonment Railway Station</a> — It occurred in the waiting area next to the travel office. Initially another blast was reported inside the stationary Shivganga Express bound for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, however this was later discounted. (The Shivganga express departure was delayed by 2 hours, eventually arriving in Delhi 4 hours late but intact). Six bombs were reported defused from other areas in the city, including a restaurant frequented by foreigners, in the vicinity of the railway station. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Timing_of_the_blasts" id="Timing_of_the_blasts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Timing of the blasts</span></h2> <p>It is conjectured that the date and time of the explosions was selected for causing maximum damage. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBSE" title="CBSE" class="mw-redirect">CBSE</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISC" title="ISC">ISC</a> Examinations (India's school leaving examinations) were in progress and therefore there were many students and worshippers at the temple when the bombs exploded during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarti" title="Aarti">Aarti</a> ceremony. Tuesday was also a holy day of the deity at the temple. It is further conjectured that the bomb at the railway station was orchestrated to coincide with the throng of passengers waiting for Shiv Ganga express.</p> <table class="infobox bordered" style="width: 250px; font-size: 95%; float: right;" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"><b>7 March 2006 Varanasi bombings</b> Casualties</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;" align="center"><b>Place</b></td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;" align="center"><b>Deaths</b></td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;" align="center"><b>Injured</b></td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;" align="center">Sources</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sankat Mochan Hanuman temple blast</td> <td>10</td> <td>40</td> <td><small><a href="http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/mar/07up.htm" class="external text" title="http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/mar/07up.htm" rel="nofollow">(Rediff)</a></small></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Varanasi railway station blast</td> <td>5</td> <td>20</td> <td><small><a href="http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/mar/07up.htm" class="external text" title="http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/mar/07up.htm" rel="nofollow">(Rediff)</a></small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="Rescue_and_relief_operations" id="Rescue_and_relief_operations"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Rescue and relief operations</span></h2> <ul><li>The railway ministry announced ex-gratia of IN Rs 1,00,000 to the next of kin of those who died in the explosion at the Cantonment railway station in Varanasi.</li><li>Seriously injured would be sanctioned IN Rs 25,000 each while those with minor injuries will get IN Rs 1,000 each.</li><li>The railway ministry would bear all expenses of food, medicine and accommodation of the injured persons during the period of treatment.</li></ul> <p><a name="Investigation" id="Investigation"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigation</span></h2> <p>Pakistan-based <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> militant outfit, whose member was shot dead in an encounter with police near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a> on Wednesday, were prima facie behind the blasts in Varanasi, a senior Uttar Pradesh government official said in Varanasi on Wednesday. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>Uttar Pradesh, Chief Secretary, Mr. Sinha said bombs were made in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>. The material to make bombs was procured in Nepal which was then smuggled across the porous Indo-Nepal border.</p> <p><a name="Official_response" id="Official_response"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Official response</span></h2> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Prime_Minister" title="Indian Prime Minister" class="mw-redirect">Indian Prime Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> has condemned the blasts and appealed for calm. A state of high alert was declared in India's major cities. Police were sent to all major places of worship in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>. India's Cabinet Committee on Security met in emergency session. Varanasi shut down Wednesday to protest the blasts; shops and businesses closed, and authorities closed schools and colleges. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> It reopened on March 9. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> Chief Minister, Mulayam Singh Yadav, claimed that UP Police killed one of the suspected Pakistani involved who turned out to be a resident of Madhya Pradesh, but he was part of Lashkar-e Toiba Islamic group and police were on the lookout for him in context of Delhi blasts of 2005.</p> <p><a name="World_reaction" id="World_reaction"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">World reaction</span></h2> <p>The bombings in Varanasi have evoked strong condemnation from across the world.</p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United States"><img alt="Flag of the United States" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="12" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> - has condemned the blasts in Varanasi that killed at least 28 persons and injured scores, calling them "acts of terrorism".</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United Kingdom"><img alt="Flag of the United Kingdom" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> - said it remained determined to work closely alongside India in its fight against the evil of terrorism. "I was horrified to hear of today's bombings in Varanasi, which resulted in the loss of innocent lives, and injury to many other victims," British Foreign Office Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Howells" title="Kim Howells">Kim Howells</a> said in a statement in London.</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Australia"><img alt="Flag of Australia" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> - "We remain determined to work closely alongside India in its fight against this evil." <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian" title="Australian" class="mw-redirect">Australian</a> Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">John Howard</a>, currently on a visit to India, said in Chennai that the incident reminds the need for both India and his country to work together in the fight against the scourge of terrorism.</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Flag of Israel" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> - The attacks were carried out "with the clear intention of offending religious sensibilities among pilgrims in one of the most sacred sites in India," a statement from the Foreign Ministry said in Jerusalem. "We believe that there must be a unanimous call from all religious leaders that emphasises the universal nature of religious sites, in the hope of preventing similar attacks in the future," the statement said. "Our thoughts are with the victims and their families and with the people of India," it added. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><a name="Suspects" id="Suspects"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Suspects</span></h2> <p>A little known group calling itself the Lashkar-e Kahar/Qahab has claimed responsibility for the attacks. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup>. A spokesperson for the group who identified himself as Abdullah Jabbar alias Abu Feroz called a local news agency in Srinagar on Thursday morning to claim responsibility for the blasts and threatened similar attacks in other cities unless the government stopped its "catch and kill" campaign in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a>. A staff of the TV channel said that Feroz spoke in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> with a heavy <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_region" title="Punjab region">Punjabi</a> accent. <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup>. It is speculated that the bombings were carried out in retaliation of the arrest of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> agent in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> earlier in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_2006" title="February 2006">February 2006</a> <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup>. Some analysts see a connection between the bombings and Hindu-Muslim clashes in the city of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_4" title="March 4">March 4</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> that left four people dead. These clashes started due to protests against the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>'s India visit.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup> It is also believed that these attacks were a part of a series which included an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Indian_Institute_of_Science_shooting" title="2005 Indian Institute of Science shooting">attack at the IISc, Bangalore</a> and also at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akshardham_Temple_attack" title="Akshardham Temple attack">Akshardham Temple, Gujarat</a>. On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">April 5</a> the Indian police arrested six Islamic terrorists, including a cleric who helped plan bomb blasts. The cleric is believed to be a commander of a banned <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladeshi</a> Islamic terrorist group, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> and is linked to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistani</a> spy agency.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Timeline" id="Timeline"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2006_Varanasi_bombings&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Timeline">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Timeline</span></h2> <ul><li>The first blast took place around 6:20 p.m. (IST) at the Sankat Mochan temple.</li><li>Minutes after the first blast, another blast took place at a waiting room at the Varanasi cantonment railway station.</li><li>Soon after the blasts, three live bombs were recovered from the temple complex and one was recovered from a nearby restaurant.</li><li>Live bombs were also recovered from Godolia and Dashaswamedh ghat.</li></ul>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-72186476609425906042008-09-24T07:36:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:37:18.957-07:0025 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad,_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh" class="mw-redirect">Hyderabad</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><img class="noprint" style="padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; cursor: pointer;" title="show location on an interactive map" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Erioll_world.svg/18px-Erioll_world.svg.png" /><a href="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings&params=17.360106_N_78.473427_E_region:IN_type:city" class="external text" title="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings&params=17.360106_N_78.473427_E_region:IN_type:city" rel="nofollow"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 17°21′36″N 78°28′24″E"><span class="latitude">17°21′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">78°28′24″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec geo" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 17.360106 78.473427"><span class="latitude">17.360106</span>, <span class="longitude">78.473427</span></span></span></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_25" title="August 25">25 August</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a><br />19:45 and 19:50 (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IST" title="IST" class="mw-redirect">IST</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+5.30))</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bombing</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Weapon(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Improvised_explosive_devices" title="Improvised explosive devices" class="mw-redirect">Improvised explosive devices</a> made with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate">Ammonium nitrate</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neogel-90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neogel-90 (page does not exist)">Neogel-90</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">42</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">54</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Suspected perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jehadi Islami</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; 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Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"> <td></td> </tr> <tr style="display: none;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">Malegaon</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><strong class="selflink">Hyderabad</strong> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bangalore</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2008</a></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>Hyderabad bombings</b> refers to the incident in which two bombs exploded almost simultaneously on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_25" title="August 25">25 August</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad,_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh" class="mw-redirect">Hyderabad</a>, capital of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_India" title="States of India" class="mw-redirect">state</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>. The first bomb exploded in Lumbini Amusement Park (<span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><img class="noprint" style="padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; cursor: pointer;" title="show location on an interactive map" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Erioll_world.svg/18px-Erioll_world.svg.png" /><a href="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings&params=17_24_35_N_78_28_23.5_E_" class="external text" title="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings&params=17_24_35_N_78_28_23.5_E_" rel="nofollow"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 17°24′35″N 78°28′23.5″E"><span class="latitude">17°24′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">78°28′23.5″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec geo" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 17.40972 78.473194"><span class="latitude">17.40972</span>, <span class="longitude">78.473194</span></span></span></a></span>) at 19:45 hrs <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>. The second bomb exploded five minutes later at 19:50 in Gokul Chat Bhandar (<span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><img class="noprint" style="padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; cursor: pointer;" title="show location on an interactive map" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Erioll_world.svg/18px-Erioll_world.svg.png" /><a href="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings&params=17_23_6_N_78_29_8_E_" class="external text" title="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings&params=17_23_6_N_78_29_8_E_" rel="nofollow"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 17°23′6″N 78°29′8″E"><span class="latitude">17°23′6″N</span> <span class="longitude">78°29′8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec geo" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 17.385 78.48556"><span class="latitude">17.385</span>, <span class="longitude">78.48556</span></span></span></a></span>), a popular restaurant about <span style="white-space: nowrap;">5 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometre" title="Kilometre">kilometres</a> (3 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mile" title="Mile">mi</a>)</span> away. At least 42 people were reported to have died in the two bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> Two more bombs were defused in other parts of the city. According to initial reports, the banned <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> militant outfit of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> is suspected for the serial blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#Unexploded_bombs"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Unexploded bombs</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#Victims"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Victims</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#Responsibility"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Responsibility</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#Investigations"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Investigations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#Reactions"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Reactions</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Unexploded_bombs" id="Unexploded_bombs"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Unexploded bombs</span></h2> <p>A day after the blasts, police discovered 19 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unexploded_ordnance" title="Unexploded ordnance">unexploded bombs</a> — most fitted with timers and placed in plastic bags — across Hyderabad at bus stops, by cinemas, road junctions and pedestrian bridges and near a public water fountain.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Victims" id="Victims"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Victims</span></h2> <p>Police Commissioner of Hyderabad, Mr. Balwinder Singh, mentioned to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Press_Trust_of_India" title="Press Trust of India">Press Trust of India</a> that at least 42 people were dead and at least 54 were injured in the two attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-Hindu2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-Hindu2-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>Since the blasts occurred at places popular among the general public on weekends, the victims of the blasts include people from different backgrounds and include several children and women. Among the victims were seven students from Amrutvahini College of Engineering Sangamner ( affiliated to University of Pune ) in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmednagar_District" title="Ahmednagar District">Ahmednagar District</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>. A group of 45 students, who were visiting Hyderabad on a routine industrial tour, were enjoying a laser show at Lumbini Park when the auditorium was struck by the devastating explosion. The group was accompanied by four faculty members.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> Bodies of five of the students arrived at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a> airport on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">26 August</a> afternoon and were received at the airport by a large crowd.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Responsibility" id="Responsibility"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Responsibility</span></h2> <p>Central security agencies said that the banned <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jehadi Islami</a> (Huji) militant outfit from Bangladesh was possibly behind the twin blasts. It was suspected that Shahid and Bilal or Sahid Ilyas Bilal, who were the masterminds of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca masjid blast</a> were also behind Saturday's explosion. Shahid is reported to be in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, and is instrumental in recruiting people for arms training from Hyderabad. Shahid Ilyas Bilal, who is also linked to the Mecca Masjid attacks is a high-ranking <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Taiba</a> operative who has lately been working with Huji.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Times_7-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-Times-7" title="">[8]</a></sup></p> <p>The government of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a> blamed terrorist groups based in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> for the two blasts. After an emergency meeting of the state cabinet, Chief Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y._S._Rajasekhara_Reddy" title="Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy">Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy</a> told reporters that "the available information points to the involvement of international terrorist organisations in Bangladesh and Pakistan".<sup id="cite_ref-Hindu2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-Hindu2-3" title="">[4]</a></sup> India's neighbours harbor a lot of fundamentalist and militant organizations, making her prone to blame other countries for such activities.</p> <p>Madhukar Gupta, Union Home Secretary, has said that security agencies and state police suspect <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a> but <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Minister for Home Affairs (India)">Minister for Home Affairs (India)</a>, refused to specify whether terror groups based in Pakistan and Bangladesh were involved in the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-IBN_8-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-IBN-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">August 26</a>, Foreign Affairs Adviser of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> Iftekhar Ahmed Chowdhury described claims linking <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> with the bombings as 'baseless'.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></p> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> has denied accusations that its country was involved in the blasts and cautioned India against finger-pointing before carrying out proper investigations into such terror attacks. Foreign Office spokesperson Tasnim Aslam said, "These are terrorist attacks and we condemn them. We are ourselves victims of terrorism and remain committed to fighting terrorism. It is always better to investigate rather than to speculate,"<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p>As investigators searched for clues, an expert said the explosives used in yesterday's blasts and the Mecca Masjid attack were different. "In the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid blasts</a>, it was a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinitrotoluene" title="Trinitrotoluene">TNT</a> mixture...here it is entirely different (as some) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate">ammonium nitrate</a>-based chemical (was used)," said T Suresh, chief scientific officer of the CLUES bomb detection squad.<sup id="cite_ref-Hindu2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-Hindu2-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_27" title="August 27">August 27</a>, the Hyderabad police released the news that the bombs were constructed from <i>Neogel-90</i>, an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate">ammonium nitrate</a>-based explosive used commercially in road construction. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Telegraph_%28Kolkata%29" title="The Telegraph (Kolkata)">The Telegraph</a> reported that this caused suspicion to be 'divided' between the Huji, which is known to have used Neogel in the past, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite" title="Naxalite">Naxalite</a> organisations from the interior of Andhra Pradesh, who have been "planning retaliation for the state government’s hot-pursuit campaign"; Neogel-90 has not previously been used illegally in India, but has been seized in the past from Naxalite groups in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Investigations" id="Investigations"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigations</span></h2> <p>Three people were picked up for questioning regarding the blast. Among them were a cycle shop owner, from Bibinagar, about <span style="white-space: nowrap;">25 kilometres (16 mi)</span> from Hyderabad. It is alleged that he supplied the steel balls used in the bombs.<sup id="cite_ref-IBN_8-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-IBN-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <p>Andhra Pradesh police are expected to go to Lucknow to interrogate Jalaluddin Mullah, alias Babu Bhai, a key member of the Bangladesh-based Harkat-ul-Jehad-e-Islami (Huji). The 40-year-old born in a village in West Bengal is now in Lucknow jail. He was arrested in June 2007 by the Uttar Pradesh Special Task Force. He and Shahid Bilal were both working for Munir-ul-Islam alias Assadullah, a Huji commander in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>. Babu Bhai was inducted into terror by Asif Reza Khan, who was accused in the Partho Burman kidnapping case in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>, and killed by the Gujarat Police in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></p> <p>A group of four individuals was taken for questioning, the Pioneer notes:</p> <table style="border-style: none; margin: auto; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;" valign="top" width="20">“</td> <td style="padding: 4px 10px;" valign="top">The police had caught the four-member gang including a Dubai national on Saturday and the same evening bombs had exploded in two busy public places in the city. The police have recovered fake currency worth Rs 2.36 crore. The commissioner said the fake currency notes in the denominations of Rs 500 and Rs 1000 were brought from Pakistan via Dubai. When asked whether the terrorist elements involved in the blasts had used this money, he said the police were looking into the possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></td> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 36px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;" valign="bottom" width="20">”</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="Reactions" id="Reactions"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Reactions</span></h2> <table style="border-style: none; margin: auto; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;" valign="top" width="20">“</td> <td style="padding: 4px 10px;" valign="top">Such vicious attacks prove that cities like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad,_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh" class="mw-redirect">Hyderabad</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, emerging icons of a vibrant nation, are firmly in the cross-hairs of terror groups which have made India a country with perhaps the highest number of civilian victims of terror (besides war-torn countries like Iraq). – <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Times_of_India" title="Times of India" class="mw-redirect">Times of India</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_7-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-Times-7" title="">[8]</a></sup></td> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 36px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;" valign="bottom" width="20">”</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Patil</a>, Vice President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamid_Ansari" title="Hamid Ansari" class="mw-redirect">Hamid Ansari</a> and Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> condemned the Hyderabad blasts and expressed shock over the loss of innocent lives.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup></p> <p>In the light of the twin bomb blasts in Hyderabad, eminent forensic scientist P. Chandra Sekharan has urged the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> to establish a “National Explosives Control Bureau (NECB)” on the lines of the Narcotics Control Bureau.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup></p> <p>India has since 2004 lost more lives to terrorist incidents than all of North America, South America, Central America, Europe and Eurasia put together.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup> (This does not include casualties in Iraq or Afghanistan, and does include casualties in Kashmir and against the internal Maoist insurgency).</p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-26070550760163526572008-09-24T07:34:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:36:33.951-07:002008 Ahmedabad bombings<!-- start content --> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">2008 Ahmedabad bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">26 July</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a><br />18:45 - 19:55<sup id="cite_ref-Ahme262008blast-NDTV_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Ahme262008blast-NDTV-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> ( <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">21 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bomb blasts</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">56<sup id="cite_ref-Deaths_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Deaths-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">200<sup id="cite_ref-Injuries_3-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Injuries-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Perpetrator</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Suspected perpetrator</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; 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Please use the preview button before saving." >e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"> <td></td> </tr> <tr style="display: none;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">Malegaon</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bangalore</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><strong class="selflink">Ahmedabad</strong> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2008</a></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>2008 Ahmedabad bombings</b> were a series of 21 bomb blasts that hit <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>, within a span of 70 minutes. 56 people were killed and over 200 people were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-Deaths_2-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Deaths-2" title="">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Injuries_3-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Injuries-3" title="">[4]</a></sup> Ahmedabad is the cultural and commercial heart of Gujarat <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" title="States and territories of India">state</a>, and a large part of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_India" title="West India">western India</a>. The blasts were considered to be of low intensity, and were similar to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bengaluru blasts</a> which occurred the day before.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtvsim_4-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndtvsim-4" title="">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ibn_5-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ibn-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p>Several TV channels said they had received an e-mail from a terror outfit called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a> claiming responsibility for the terror attacks;<sup id="cite_ref-itgo_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-itgo-6" title="">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-htmuj_7-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-htmuj-7" title="">[8]</a></sup> Islamic militant group <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a>, however, has claimed responsibility for the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup> The Gujarat police arrested the suspected mastermind, Mufti Abu Bashir, along with nine others, in connection to the bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></p> <p>These bombings occurred a day after the Bengaluru blasts and a day before a bomb blast in the Indian state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jharblast_10-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-jharblast-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#The_bombings"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">The bombings</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Warning_of_attacks_through_e-mail"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Warning of attacks through e-mail</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Casualties"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Casualties</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Investigations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Investigations</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Leads_in_the_case"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Leads in the case</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Suspects"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Suspects</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Arrests"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Arrests</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Similarities"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Similarities</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Further_threats"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Further threats</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Kerala"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Kerala</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Surat"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Surat</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Rajasthan"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Rajasthan</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Tamil_Nadu"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Tamil Nadu</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Kolkata"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Kolkata</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#New_Delhi"><span class="tocnumber">4.6</span> <span class="toctext">New Delhi</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Criticism"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Criticism</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Conspiracy_theories"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Conspiracy theories</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Reaction"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Reaction</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#Hindu-Muslim_Unity"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hindu-Muslim Unity</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#India"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">India</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#International"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">International</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="The_bombings" id="The_bombings"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">The bombings</span></h2> <p>The bombs were planted in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiffin_carriers" title="Tiffin carriers">Tiffin carriers</a> on bicycles, a pattern similar to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahme262008blast-NDTV_0-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Ahme262008blast-NDTV-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> Many of the blasts targeted the city bus service, ripping apart portions of the vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup> Two blasts took place inside the premises of two hospitals, about 40 minutes after the initial series of blasts. One of the blasts in the hospitals occurred when injured victims of the initial series of blasts were being admitted there.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_12-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-CNN-12" title="">[13]</a></sup> Another bomb was found and defused on the following day in the Hatkeshwar area. Two live bombs were also retrieved from Maninagar, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Gujarat" title="List of Chief Ministers of Gujarat">Gujarat Chief Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi's</a> constituency.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtv16_13-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndtv16-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p>Gujarat police recovered and diffused two more bombs in Surat, another major city in Gujarat, a day after the Ahmedabad blasts. Two cars filled with materials required to make explosives, including detonators, were also found, one of them parked on a roadside near a hospital,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup> and the other in the outskirts of Surat.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Warning_of_attacks_through_e-mail" id="Warning_of_attacks_through_e-mail"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2008_Ahmedabad_bombings&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Warning of attacks through e-mail">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Warning of attacks through e-mail</span></h3> <p>Several news agencies reported receiving a 14-page e-mail five minutes before the explosions with the subject line: "Await 5 minutes for the revenge of Gujarat",<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup> apparently referring to the riots of 2002 which took place in Gujarat after the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhra_train_burning" title="Godhra train burning">Godhra train burning</a> incident. The e-mail was sent by the group known as “Indian Mujahideen” on July 26 at around 6:41pm IST from an email address alarbi_gujarat@yahoo.com.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></p> <p>The contents of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mail" title="E-mail">e-mail</a> warned of attacks in 5 minutes: “In the name of Allah the Indian Mujahideen strike again! Do whatever you can, within 5 minutes from now, feel the terror of Death!”<sup id="cite_ref-TOI_18-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-TOI-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></p> <p>The e-mail also contained threats against the current <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Maharashtra" title="Chief Minister of Maharashtra" class="mw-redirect">Chief Minister of Maharashtra</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilasrao_Deshmukh" title="Vilasrao Deshmukh">Vilasrao Deshmukh</a>, and his deputy, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.R._Patil" title="R.R. Patil" class="mw-redirect">R.R. Patil</a>, with the claim, “We wonder at your memory. Have you forgotten the evening of July 11, 2006 so quickly and so easily?”<sup id="cite_ref-TOI_18-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-TOI-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></p> <p>Furthermore, the threats went on to warn Indian businessman <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukesh_Ambani" title="Mukesh Ambani">Mukesh Ambani</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliance_Industries" title="Reliance Industries">Reliance Industries</a> to “think-twice” before “usurping and building a citadel on a land in Mumbai that belongs to the Waqf board...lest it turns into horrifying memories for you which you will never ever forget.”<sup id="cite_ref-TOI_18-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-TOI-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></p> <p>The e-mail also reportedly threatened several <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollywood" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a> actors, asking them to stop acting.<sup id="cite_ref-TOI_18-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-TOI-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></p> <p>Police reported that they questioned U.S national <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ken_Haywood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ken Haywood (page does not exist)">Ken Haywood</a> from whose IP address the threating email was sent. Haywood's residence in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanpada" title="Sanpada">Sanpada</a> area of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navi_Mumbai" title="Navi Mumbai">Navi Mumbai</a> was raided by ATS officials on July 27 after the IP address from which a threatening email was sent minutes before the Ahmedabad serial blasts was found to be his.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmedabad_blasts:_Lie_detector.2C_narco_tests_on_US_national_Haywood_19-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Ahmedabad_blasts:_Lie_detector.2C_narco_tests_on_US_national_Haywood-19" title="">[20]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Casualties" id="Casualties"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Casualties</span></h2> <p>56 people were killed by the bombing and over 200 people were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-Deaths_2-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Deaths-2" title="">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Injuries_3-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-Injuries-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>Initially, Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> sanctioned an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_gratia" title="Ex gratia">ex gratia</a> payment of Rs 1 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakh" title="Lakh">lakh</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US$" title="US$" class="mw-redirect">US$</a> 2,300) to the next of kin of the dead. However upon visiting Ahmedabad, he raised the ex gratia figure to Rs 3.5 lakh (US$ 8,050). In addition, he also announced a compensation of Rs 50,000 (US$ 1,200) for those injured in the blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a></sup></p> <p>Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi announced a compensation of Rs 5 lakh (US$ 11,500) to each victim of the bomb blasts. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Investigations" id="Investigations"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigations</span></h2> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>See also: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a></i></span></dd></dl> <p>Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami has claimed the responsibility of the blasts. The email mentioned that "the innocent Muslims arrested in the (Mumbai) bomb blast case are being tried for years and years."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup></p> <p>Union Home Secretary Madhukar Gupta said the Centre dispatched one team of bomb experts and decided to convene a meeting of top officials of state governments to discuss the situation arising out of the recent explosions.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup></p> <p>According to the <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Times_of_India" title="Times of India" class="mw-redirect">Times of India</a></i> the intelligence community believes that both blasts of Bangalore and Ahmedabad were executed by a network of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahabi" title="Wahabi" class="mw-redirect">Wahabi</a> fundamentalists masquerading as Indian Mujahideen.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Leads_in_the_case" id="Leads_in_the_case"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Leads in the case</span></h3> <ul><li>Several TV channels stated that they had received an e-mail from a terror outfit called Indian Mujahideen claiming responsibility for the terror attacks. This e-mail has been traced to a locality in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navi_Mumbai" title="Navi Mumbai">Navi Mumbai</a> <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-htmuj_7-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-htmuj-7" title="">[8]</a></sup>. This outfit in the past claimed responsibility for the 13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-guardianmuj_26-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-guardianmuj-26" title="">[27]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>The police investigation has centered around the claims made in two phone calls.</li></ul> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sketch-280.gif" class="image" title="Police sketch released to media on July 27,2008"><img alt="Police sketch released to media on July 27,2008" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/73/Sketch-280.gif/180px-Sketch-280.gif" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="180" height="145" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sketch-280.gif" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> Police sketch released to media on July 27,2008</div> </div> </div> <dl><dd> <ul><li>A doctor who was visiting one of the hospitals where one of the blasts occurred has claimed to have overheard a person talking on his cellphone saying, "Bangalore was a failure, however Ahmedabad will be successful and we will celebrate if God wishes." <sup id="cite_ref-zee_2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_2-27" title="">[28]</a></sup>. A sketch of this person, shown alongside, was released. The doctor described the suspected culprit as being around "30-34 years old; wearing a pink shirt; clean shaven; and seemingly an educated person."<sup id="cite_ref-zee_2_27-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_2-27" title="">[28]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <dl><dd> <ul><li>A person has claimed to have received two suspicious phone calls at around 8:00pm IST <sup id="cite_ref-zee_2_27-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_2-27" title="">[28]</a></sup>. In one of the phone calls, it is reported that the caller said, "Ejaz, kaam ho gaya hai?", which translates to "Ejaz, has the job been done?"<sup id="cite_ref-zee_2_27-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_2-27" title="">[28]</a></sup></li></ul> </dd></dl> <ul><li>Two cars, both stolen <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maruti" title="Maruti">Maruti</a> Wagon R models with vehicle license plates reading "GJ-6-CD 3569" and "GJ-5-CD 2908" were also found in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">Surat</a>. One of the cars had four live bombs which were defused. In addition, a wooden box with white powder, wires, a battery and shrapnel was also found near Nupur hospital <sup id="cite_ref-ndvt_28-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndvt-28" title="">[29]</a></sup>. The cars used for bombings in Ahmedabad and those that were defused in Surat were eventually traced to Navi Mumbai, from where they had been stolen on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-29" title="">[30]</a></sup> Investigations revealed that they were subsequently laden with explosives in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadodara" title="Vadodara">Vadodara</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-30" title="">[31]</a></sup>, before being brought to Ahmedabad and Surat.</li></ul> <ul><li>On July 30, 2008, it was reported that the police had found <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCTV" title="CCTV" class="mw-redirect">CCTV</a> footage of the driver of one of the cars used for the bombings. The photo was obtained from a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toll" title="Toll">toll</a> booth near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a>. It had been earlier established that the bombers had stolen the cars from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navi_Mumbai" title="Navi Mumbai">Navi Mumbai</a> before driving it to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-31" title="">[32]</a></sup>. The car used in the blast at the Ahmedabad Civil Hospital was driven 6 times between Ahmedabad and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">Surat</a> between July 7 and July 24<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-32" title="">[33]</a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li>On August 4, 2008, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> police claimed to have their first breakthrough in the case with the identification of the shop from where the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LPG" title="LPG">LPG</a> cylinders used for the blasts were bought. The police also claimed that the crates in which the bombs were planted were made from locally purchased wood.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-33" title="">[34]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><a name="Suspects" id="Suspects"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Suspects</span></h3> <ul><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a> reported on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28</a>, 2008 that police and intelligence officials had zeroed in on three masterminds behind the blasts. The suspects, Rasool Khan Yakoob Khan Pathan <i>alias</i> Rasool ‘Party’, Sohail Khan and Mufti Sufiyan, are suspected to be key operatives of either the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> (LeT) or the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> (HuJI). They are also believed to have got to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> after the 2002 Guajrat riots.<sup id="cite_ref-masterminds_34-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-masterminds-34" title="">[35]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a>, 2008, the police detained three suspects, Abdul Qadir, Hasil Mohammad and Hussain Ibrahim, near Limbi on Rajkot-Ahmedabad highway in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surendranagar_district" title="Surendranagar district">Surendranagar district</a>, while they were leaving Ahmedabad soon after the blasts<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-35" title="">[36]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">July 30</a>, 2008, it was reported on Rediff that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau" title="Intelligence Bureau">Intelligence Bureau</a> (IB) believed two men, Rasool Khan Parti and Mohammad Sufiya Ahmed Patangiya, who are currently living at Farahan Arcade Gulistan in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> were the masterminds behind both the Ahmedabad and the 2008 Bangalore serial blasts. They were previously residents of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, and are members of Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami. The Gujarat Police has been looking for them in connection to the murder of former Gujarat state minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haren_Pandya" title="Haren Pandya">Haren Pandya</a><sup id="cite_ref-ibmaster_36-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ibmaster-36" title="">[37]</a></sup>.</li></ul> <p>An excerpt from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rediff" title="Rediff" class="mw-redirect">Rediff</a> article is provided below:</p> <table style="border-style: none; margin: auto; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;" valign="top" width="20">“</td> <td style="padding: 4px 10px;" valign="top"> <p><i>According to the IB, the entire operation was carried out by Indians, unlike in past instances where Pakistanis or Bangladeshis were used.</i></p> <p><i>Both Parti and Patangiya handpicked Indian youth working in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> for the operation. This indicates that the youth had been picked well in advance and sent off to the UAE on the pretext of jobs there. This could have been done to avoid coming under the scanner of the Indian police, the officials say. From the UAE they were flown into Dubai from where they were taken to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzaffarabad" title="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_occupied_Kashmir" title="Pakistan occupied Kashmir" class="mw-redirect">Pakistan occupied Kashmir</a>.</i></p> <p><i>The youth were divided in two groups and then trained personally by Patri and Patangiya. They were taught how to prepare bombs and execute the attacks. They called it training in alternate explosions. They were specifically taught how to make bombs using <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate" title="Ammonium nitrate">ammonium nitrate</a> and directed to pick up the material locally. The use of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a> was ruled out since it was a problem to smuggle it across the border.</i></p> <p><i>After undergoing training for a month, the youth were flown back to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> and then taken to Bangladesh. They were directed to cross over into India through the porous border. Investigating agencies say they took this trouble to avoid the police and security agencies.</i></p> <p><i>Once in India, the two groups split up and undertook the operations in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengaluru" title="Bengaluru" class="mw-redirect">Bengaluru</a> and Ahmedabad separately, although they kept in regular touch. The date and time of the attacks was fixed by Parti.</i></p> <p><i>The police are now trying to ascertain how many members were in each team and also from where they picked up the ammonium nitrate and other material required to make the bombs. The police suspect that the two teams assembled the bombs separately in the cities they attacked.</i></p> <p><i>The Bengaluru police believe that the ammonium nitrate must have been brought into <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a> from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> via <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mysore" title="Mysore">Mysore</a>. However, police says the terrorists dumped a part of the consignment about 50 kilometres from Bengaluru as they feared detection. However, they managed to smuggle in enough material to carry out the blasts.</i></p> <p><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IB" title="IB">IB</a> sources say they are concerned by the growing number of Indian youth being lured into terror outfits. They say that intercepts from Pakistan indicate that there are many Indian youth outside Parti's home in Karachi daily.</i></p> <p><i>Investigating agencies are also looking into the statements made by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMI" title="SIMI">SIMI</a> activist Riazuddin Nasir aka Mohammad Ghouse. After his arrest in Karnataka earlier this year had told the police that he had met Parti in Karachi.</i></p> </td> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 36px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;" valign="bottom" width="20">”</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><sup id="cite_ref-ibmaster_36-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ibmaster-36" title="">[37]</a></sup></p> <ul><li>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a>, 2008, the Gujarat Police announced that they had solved the case<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-37" title="">[38]</a></sup>, making it the fastest terrorism case to be solved in recent years. According to the Gujarat Director General of Police P.C.Pande, Mufti Abu Bashir was the mastermind behind the blasts, and upto 10 of his accomplices had been arrested.</li></ul> <p><a name="Arrests" id="Arrests"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Arrests</span></h3> <ul><li>Maulana Abdul Halim, a suspected Students Islamic Movement of India activist, was arrested from Dani Limda in the heart of Ahmedabad on July 27, 2008. He was alleged to be involved in instigating the Muslim youth after the 2002 Gujarat violence and sending them to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> for terror training.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-38" title="">[39]</a></sup> Charges have also been laid on him for sending 33 youths for terror training to Pakistan in 2003. <sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-39" title="">[40]</a></sup>. After his arrest, he was remanded to a 14-day police custody by the Metropolitan <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magistrate" title="Magistrate">Magistrate</a> in Ahmedabad<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-40" title="">[41]</a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li>On August 15, the Gujarat police arrested Mufti Abu Bashir, and nine others, in connection to the bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-41" title="">[42]</a></sup>. Bashir belongs to Binapara village in Azamgarh district of eastern Uttar Pradesh, and was believed to be a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMI" title="SIMI">SIMI</a> activist.</li></ul> <p><a name="Similarities" id="Similarities"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Similarities</span></h3> <p>Similarities between the Bengaluru and Ahmedabad bombings were investigated, where the former suffered from eight blasts and the latter 21. Union Minister of State for Home Affairs Prakash Jaiswal told reporters in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a> that the similarities between this and the Bengaluru blasts was that both "blasts were of low intensity" and were planted in crowded areas.<sup id="cite_ref-ibn_5-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ibn-5" title="">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ndtvsim_4-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndtvsim-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> Furthermore, both states - Karnataka and Gujarat - have BJP led governments.<sup id="cite_ref-ibn_5-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ibn-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Further_threats" id="Further_threats"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Further threats</span></h2> <p>The threat of terror continued even after Ahmedabad blasts. The Gujarat police discovered an active bomb which was set to detonate at 12:00am IST in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hatkeshwar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hatkeshwar (page does not exist)">Hatkeshwar</a>, Maninagar.<sup id="cite_ref-ndvt_28-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndvt-28" title="">[29]</a></sup> A bomb squad was quick to respond and successfully managed to defuse the bomb in front of a large crowd, which rose to jubilation and applause upon bomb's defusion.<sup id="cite_ref-ndvt_28-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndvt-28" title="">[29]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Kerala" id="Kerala"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Kerala</span></h3> <p>A phone call from Pakistan to a Karnataka journalist claimed there would be more blasts in Kerala on Sunday. Kerala Police chief Raman Srivastava said: "I have been informed by the DGP of Karnataka about the terror threat to Kerala. We spoke to the journalist concerned, who said he had received two calls today - one at 1 pm and another at 3:30 pm."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-42" title="">[43]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Surat" id="Surat"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Surat</span></h3> <p>On the following Monday, just days after the Ahmedabad blasts, another bomb was found in Varacha area of Surat <sup id="cite_ref-toi_2_43-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-toi_2-43" title="">[44]</a></sup>. The bomb was placed near an electricity transmitter and contained a packet 700-800 grams of ammonium nitrate, a packet of shrapnel, two detonators, one battery, and a circuit <sup id="cite_ref-toi_2_43-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-toi_2-43" title="">[44]</a></sup>. This was found after the two car bombs that were discovered immediately after Ahmedabad attacks. <sup id="cite_ref-toi_2_43-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-toi_2-43" title="">[44]</a></sup></p> <p>On Tuesday, July 29, eighteen bombs were found in Surat, and were subsequently defused. They were found mainly in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">diamond</a>-processing and residential areas of Surat, within a span of just four hours.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-44" title="">[45]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-45" title="">[46]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-46" title="">[47]</a></sup> According to the Times of India, a top government official believed that the planting of so many "unexploded" bombs was probably a means to divert attention of the police from the ongoing blast probe.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-47" title="">[48]</a></sup> After Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi visited the city another bomb was found and diffused by a bomb disposal squad. All in all, 23 bombs were found in three days in Surat.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-48" title="">[49]</a></sup></p> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic" title="Forensic" class="mw-redirect">Forensic</a> investigations revealed that the bombs had not exploded because the circuits had been wrongly assembled. The police were not sure whether that was on purpose or a way to estimate the reaction time of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomb_squad" title="Bomb squad" class="mw-redirect">bomb squad</a>, for planning future attacks<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-49" title="">[50]</a></sup>.</p> <p><a name="Rajasthan" id="Rajasthan"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Rajasthan</span></h3> <p>Three bombs were detected on the road in Pali district, near Marwar in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>. The bombs, put in half-litre oil containers, were planted on the Marwar-Ranawas Road at gap of one km and were spotted by onlookers. The box carried a bundle of fuse wire, 30-40 marbles, 8 iron plates, and detonator. There was no timer nor any electronic devise attached to the explosives. The bombs were defused by the bomb squad.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-50" title="">[51]</a></sup>.</p> <p><a name="Tamil_Nadu" id="Tamil_Nadu"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Tamil Nadu</span></h3> <p>In Tamil Nadu, Sheikh Abdul Ghaffoor, 39, was arrested with an alleged plan of carrying out bombings on Independence Day, August 15, 2008. <sup id="cite_ref-ndtvTN_51-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndtvTN-51" title="">[52]</a></sup> The plot included bombing the state capital <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a> along with three other cities in Tamil Nadu and at least six trains.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtvTN_51-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndtvTN-51" title="">[52]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meenakshi_Amman_Temple" title="Meenakshi Amman Temple">Meenakshi Amman Temple</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a> is believed to be on top of the list for such terror attack.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-52" title="">[53]</a></sup> The man was detained with a large cache of explosives and two timer devices. Apparently, it is believed that the plot was revealed by an arrested leader, P Ali Abdullah, of a banned organisation, who has been serving sentences in an Indian jail since 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtvTN_51-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-ndtvTN-51" title="">[52]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai_city_police" title="Chennai city police" class="mw-redirect">Chennai city police</a> later on 1 August 2008 announced that the arrests were not linked with either the Ahmedabad or Bangalore blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-53" title="">[54]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Kolkata" id="Kolkata"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Kolkata</span></h3> <p>An E-Mail was sent to Kolkata on 29 July, 2008 to bomb 8 different locations in Kolkata. Subsequently, High Alert was placed in Kolkata but the E-mail turned out to be a hoax. High Alert is still placed in the region as every major checkpoint is monitored by the police.</p> <p><a name="New_Delhi" id="New_Delhi"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">New Delhi</span></h3> <p>Another E-mail was sent to the Japanese Embassy in New Delhi on 30 July, 2008 to bomb several locations in Delhi. The mail was soon forwarded to the Delhi Police from the Japanese Embassy and the city was placed under a Red Alert. The E-Mail threatened to bomb Sarojini Nagar which was a target in the October 2005 bombings. Further to these threats Japan closed its embassy in New Delhi on 31 July 2008 and also issue warning to its citizens living in India to avoid crowded places like markets and train stations.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-54" title="">[55]</a></sup> Nevertheless the initial examination of a youth arrested for sending emails to the Japanese embassy indicated that he might suffer from some mental problems.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-55" title="">[56]</a></sup> Delhi police revealed that the youth who sent the email was frustrated of a failed visa application to the embassy and the email threat was an hoax.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-56" title="">[57]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Criticism" id="Criticism"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Criticism</span></h2> <p>In criticizing the central government Ajai Sahni, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_director" title="Executive director">executive director</a> of the Institute for Conflict Management said "India's police to population ratio is one of the lowest in the world, barring the poorer African countries. There is a high deficit of personnel in intelligence gathering. The IB has barely 3,500 field officers. We need to address these shortcomings." Security expert Prakash Singh added "they (terrorists) have no fear of being detected, arrested or prosecuted." PR Chari, a research professor at the Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies, said "the blasts were a demonstration of their (terrorists) capabilities and a terse reminder of the state's helplessness."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-57" title="">[58]</a></sup> BJP president <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajnath_Singh" title="Rajnath Singh">Rajnath Singh</a> also blamed the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliance" title="United Progressive Alliance">UPA</a> government for its "soft approach" to terrorism that has allowed terrorists to grow bolder. He also took the government to task for repealing POTA and for "sleeping over the anti-terror laws like GUJCOCA (an anti-terror law adopted by the Gujarat Assembly)".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-58" title="">[59]</a></sup> Gujarat <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Congress</a> chief Siddharth Patel said: "'The Gujarat government has failed miserably on the law and order front." Adding that the terror attack pointed to the "total failure' of the state's intelligence machinery."<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-59" title="">[60]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Conspiracy_theories" id="Conspiracy_theories"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Conspiracy theories</span></h3> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>See also: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspiracy_theories" title="Conspiracy theories" class="mw-redirect">Conspiracy theories</a></i></span></dd></dl> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sushma_Swaraj" title="Sushma Swaraj">Sushma Swaraj</a>, a senior leader of the BJP, at a press conference in Delhi, claimed the ruling UPA government had a conspiratorial hand in the blasts to divert attention from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliance#Allegations_of_bribery" title="United Progressive Alliance">allegations of bribery</a> as well as to gain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> votes.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-60" title="">[61]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Times_of_India" title="Times of India" class="mw-redirect">Times of India</a> called her comments as "scandalous" and "outrageous remarks".<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-61" title="">[62]</a></sup> The Congress party's spokesman, Shakeel Ahmed said that Sushma Swaraj should be "tried for treason" and her comments have "given a clean chit to terrorists and anti-national, disruptive forces both within and outside India".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-62" title="">[63]</a></sup> Later on 31 July 2008, BJP's spokesperson, Prakash Javdekar, clarified that the allegation of conspiracy made by Sushma Swaraj was her personal view and to the contrary the party viewed the attacks not as a conspiracy of the Congress party but as an "an attack on the nation".<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-63" title="">[64]</a></sup> Although Sushma Swaraj's comments were critically commented by some media and her own party, T. K. Arun, a columnist of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economic_Times" title="The Economic Times">The Economic Times</a> suggested that investigations should also look into her point that some of the blasts occurred in Muslim locals of Ahmedabad and "<i>that a large share of those getting slaughtered by the terrorists are Muslims</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-64" title="">[65]</a></sup> The US national to whom the suspicious e-mail was traced escaped from India even after a lookout notice was issued.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-65" title="">[66]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Reaction" id="Reaction"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Reaction</span></h2> <p><a name="Hindu-Muslim_Unity" id="Hindu-Muslim_Unity"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Hindu-Muslim Unity</span></h3> <p>It is widely believed that the attacks were carried out to bring about the levels of unrest Gujarat had seen after the Godhra train burning<sup id="cite_ref-toi_66-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-toi-66" title="">[67]</a></sup>. It is believed that by targeting communally sensitive <sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-67" title="">[68]</a></sup> areas such as Sharkej, Hindus and Muslims, attackers wanted to provoke and reignite communal disharmony and riots.<sup id="cite_ref-toi_66-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-toi-66" title="">[67]</a></sup> However, the people of Gujarat stood tall in unity against such violence. Peaceful demonstrations held across Gujarat by both Hindus and Muslims called attacks an act of cowardice.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-68" title="">[69]</a></sup> Such demonstrations of unity were also held in Delhi and Bhopal where Hindus and Muslims held candle light <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigil" title="Vigil">vigils</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-69" title="">[70]</a></sup></p> <p>Upon his visit to the region, PM Singh praised Gujarat's unity saying "I commend the people of Gujarat for the resilience they have shown. These terrorist acts are aimed at destroying our social fabric, undermining communal harmony and demoralising our people" <sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-70" title="">[71]</a></sup>.</p> <p><a name="India" id="India"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">India</span></h3> <ul><li>President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Patil</a> condemned the blasts and "expressed deep shock at the incident and said that perpetrators were targeting the peace and harmony of the country"<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-71" title="">[72]</a></sup>.</li><li>Prime Minister Manmohan Singh condemned the blasts, and appealed for calm<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-72" title="">[73]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_Home_Affairs" title="Minister for Home Affairs" class="mw-redirect">Home Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a> said: "This is a time when we should not feel frightened and we should assess the situation correctly and try to help the people, who have suffered and plan to see that these things do not happen afterwards."<sup id="cite_ref-howrah_73-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-howrah-73" title="">[74]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Minister" title="Chief Minister">Chief Minister</a> Narendra Modi also condemned the attack and called for calm.<sup id="cite_ref-howrah_73-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-howrah-73" title="">[74]</a></sup> He also added: "The enemies of the nation have today stained with blood the soil of Mahatma Gandhi's Gujarat. Terrorists have continued their war against India... Killing innocent people is not only a crime but is a form of enmity with the humanity. All those who believe in humanity should prepare themselves for a long war - while maintaining peace." He went on to say, "I have spoken to the prime minister and the home minister. There is a similar pattern in all recent terrorist attacks [in the country]. There must be a mastermind operating behind them all." He asserted that those responsible for the blasts will be punished, and urged the people of Gujarat to answer them by "quickening the pace of Gujarat's economic development."<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-74" title="">[75]</a></sup></li><li>Vice-President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamid_Ansari" title="Hamid Ansari" class="mw-redirect">Hamid Ansari</a> also condemned the blasts and said that "such acts of terrorism intend to disturb the peace and harmony in the country and should be thwarted."<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-75" title="">[76]</a></sup></li><li>Head of the congress party <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonia_Gandhi" title="Sonia Gandhi">Sonia Gandhi</a> expressed "deep shock" over the blasts. She also added that this was an "act of desperation with a view to disturb the peace and harmony in the country". <sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-76" title="">[77]</a></sup></li><li>Opposition <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> leader <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._K._Advani" title="L. K. Advani" class="mw-redirect">L. K. Advani</a> condemned the blasts as dastardly acts by terrorists and pointed towards the sinister designs of terrorists.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-77" title="">[78]</a></sup> He also added that "It looks like our anti-terror legal framework is not up to the mark and it get exposed." In criticizing the government he said after the abolition of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POTA" title="POTA" class="mw-redirect">POTA</a>, Gujarat has adopted a Maharashtra-type anti-terror law which has been awaiting Presidential assent for four years. He demanded that both Gujarat and Rajasthan should be allowed to go for their own anti-terror legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-78" title="">[79]</a></sup></li><li>Minister of State for Home Affairs <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakeel_Ahmed" title="Shakeel Ahmed">Shakeel Ahmed</a> said: "We are surprised and shocked. Yesterday, it was Bangalore. Today it is Ahmedabad. This happened even after the government of India issued high alerts to all sensitive states.” He also condemned the blasts and called for the return of normalcy while assuring the Gujarat government "of all possible assistance." He said a report of the state government was awaited befor further comment.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-79" title="">[80]</a></sup></li><li>Union Minister of State for Home Affairs <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Prakash_Jaiswal" title="Sri Prakash Jaiswal">Prakash Jaiswal</a> termed the attack as being aimed at disrupting communal harmony and hurt India's economic growth.<sup id="cite_ref-howrah_73-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-howrah-73" title="">[74]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPI_M" title="CPI M" class="mw-redirect">CPI M</a> also condemned the blasts saying there was a "conspiracy" to destabilise the country. The party Politburo said of the blasts: "Coming so soon after the blasts in Jaipur and Bangalore, it is clear that there is a conspiracy to destabilise the country and create communal disharmony." Adding that it was "unfortunate that despite a series of such attacks, the government and the intelligence agencies are unable to crack down on those responsible for these heinous crimes."<sup id="cite_ref-sify_80-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-sify-80" title="">[81]</a></sup></li><li>BJP <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokesperson" title="Spokesperson" class="mw-redirect">spokesperson</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukhtar_Abbas_Naqvi" title="Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi">Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi</a> said: "The Centre must bring in a new law as the country requires it in the wake of 42 big incidents of blasts, triggered by the terrorists during the past four-and-a-half years' rule of the UPA in the country." When asked why the BJP-ruled states were targeted in the recent series of blasts, Naqvi said "it is because of the party's firm determination to end terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-81" title="">[82]</a></sup></li><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahujan_Samaj_Party" title="Bahujan Samaj Party">Bahujan Samaj Party</a> said: "There was a time when the intelligence agencies would know of a conspiracy to assassinate the Chief Minister and they would be killed in encounter before reaching Gandhinagar. How could such alert system not get a hint of Saturday's blast conspiracy? Why does not the state Congress ask the UPA to approve GUJCOC as demanded by the state government?"</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamat-e-Islami_Hind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamat-e-Islami Hind (page does not exist)">Jamat-e-Islami Hind</a> said: "Find out the culprits and hand them the deserving punishment. But care must be taken that innocent are not harassed. No conclusions should be drawn before thorough investigation because this leads investigation to a particular direction only."</li><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishwa_Hindu_Parishad" title="Vishwa Hindu Parishad" class="mw-redirect">Vishwa Hindu Parishad</a> said: "VHP, which plans to start a nationwide anti-jehadi movement from July 28, said that if the government did not meet its demands, Hindus would have to act themselves democratically to protect themselves and their <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharat" title="Bharat" class="mw-redirect">Bharat</a>. They are out to destroy India's economy, infrastructure and majority Hindus. The government must act now before it is late." <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praveen_Togadia" title="Praveen Togadia">Praveen Togadia</a> added, "being soft towards terrorists is equally dangerous as terrorism, as both would destroy the country." He also asked the government to snap all ties with countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh, which he alleged promote terrorism. All the while he said the VHP was not against minorities imparting religious education to their children but that most madrassas "are training ground for terrorists".<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-82" title="">[83]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAPS_Swaminarayan_Sanstha" title="BAPS Swaminarayan Sanstha" class="mw-redirect">BAPS Swaminarayan Sanstha</a>: "Let the God give them good sense and such incidents are not repeated in future. Appeal to maintain peace and stay away from all sorts of rumours."</li><li>Maninagar Shree Swaminarayan Gadi Sansthan: "It has organised Janmagal Shantipath in all temples in India and abroad. Swami Purushottampriyadasji, now in America, has appealed to his devotees to donate blood generously for the victims."</li><li>JamiatUlma-I-Gujarat: "The anti-humanity blasts need to be investigated thoroughly, impartially and not necessarily in only one direction, because terrorists do not follow any religion."</li><li>Students Islamic Organisation of India: "Harassment of the innocent in the name of investigations will only help actual criminals. Media should do its duty with a sense of responsibility because it has a major role in diverting such issues from reality."</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIADMK" title="AIADMK" class="mw-redirect">AIADMK</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Secretary" title="General Secretary">General Secretary</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Jayalalithaa" title="J. Jayalalithaa">J. Jayalalithaa</a> said: "In view of the serial blasts that have rocked the states in quick succession, I reiterate that, in order to defend and maintain the territorial integrity of the nation, a special act like POTA should be revived and allowed to remain in our statute books to effectively counter terrorists and extremist outfits...These dastardly acts of terrorists must be condemned by us in the strongest terms. I urge the central and state governments to make a thorough probe to nab the culprits. We must solemnly resolve to stand firm and united against such acts of mindless terror".<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-83" title="">[84]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Sri_Ravi_Shankar" title="Sri Sri Ravi Shankar">Sri Sri Ravi Shankar</a> said: "The Indian people cannot tolerate such violent acts of terrorism any more." He appealed to Muslim leaders "to play a proactive role and isolate the misguided elements spreading terror in the name of religion".<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-84" title="">[85]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurriyat" title="Hurriyat" class="mw-redirect">Hurriyat</a> conference leader <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zaffar_Akbar_Bhat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaffar Akbar Bhat (page does not exist)">Zaffar Akbar Bhat</a> described the blasts as "inhuman acts against innocent people." He add that it is the innocent Kashmiri students and traders who have to bore the brunt of police action in the wake of the blasts. "Kashmiri people are made the soft targets." Bhat also condemned the Thursday’s blast of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batmaloo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batmaloo (page does not exist)">Batmaloo</a> in Kashmir which killed five memebrs of a family. He went to say "The way BJP and right wing groups are unleashing terror on Muslims in Jammu and expelling them from Jammu is deplorable."<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-85" title="">[86]</a></sup></li><li>A statement from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_India_Muslim_Forum" title="All India Muslim Forum">All India Muslim Forum</a> said the group "strongly condemns the dastardly terrorist blasts at Banglore and Ahmedabad, claiming scores of innocent lives and injuring hundreds, and appeals to the people to maintain communal harmony in the face of these sinister moves which aim at tearing apart the country's social fabric."<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-86" title="">[87]</a></sup></li></ul> <p>A host of others who condemned the blasts include Sanchetna, Sahrwaru, Safar, AMWA, Muslim Majlise Mushavirat, Sarkhej Muslim Welfare Organisation, Ahmedabad Muslim Welfare Society, Sirat Committee, Aman Samuday, Anhad, Swabhiman Andolan, Lok Kala Manch, Samarpan, Sarvoday Sanskrutik Manch, Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan, Bharatiya Moolnivasi Janjagran Abhiyan, and Action Aid (Gujarat).<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-87" title="">[88]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="International" id="International"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">International</span></h3> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United Nations"><img alt="Flag of the United Nations" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a></span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></p> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary-General" title="Secretary-General" class="mw-redirect">Secretary-General</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a> has condemned in the "strongest terms" the series of bombings in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bengaluru_bombings" title="2008 Bengaluru bombings" class="mw-redirect">Bengaluru</a> and <strong class="selflink">Ahmedabad</strong> and stressed that no cause or grievance can justify terrorist acts.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-88" title="">[89]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></p> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan" title="Prime Minister of Pakistan">Prime Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yousuf_Raza_Gillani" title="Yousuf Raza Gillani" class="mw-redirect">Yousuf Raza Gillani</a> condemned the bomb attacks in Bangalore and Ahmedabad, describing them as "acts of senseless violence against innocent persons".</li><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_%28Pakistan%29" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Foreign Ministry</a> released a statement saying, "Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gillani has strongly condemned the acts of terrorist violence in the Indian cities of Ahmedabad and Bangalore and expressed deep sympathies with the bereaved families and the victims of these dastardly acts of senseless violence against innocent persons." <sup id="cite_ref-itgo_cond_89-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-itgo_cond-89" title="">[90]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-90" title="">[91]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United States"><img alt="Flag of the United States" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="12" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></p> <ul><li>The US embassy released a statement "The US condemns the vicious terror attacks in Bangalore on Friday and Ahmedabad on Saturday" and extended condolences to the families of the bereaved. <sup id="cite_ref-itgo_cond_89-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-itgo_cond-89" title="">[90]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Europe"><img alt="Flag of Europe" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></p> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> condemed the attack in a statement saying "The Presidency of the Council of European Union presents its deepest condolences to India, its government and its people, as well as to the victims and their families" <sup id="cite_ref-zee_3_91-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_3-91" title="">[92]</a></sup>.</li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></p> <ul><li>Sri Lankan President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahinda_Rajapaksa" title="Mahinda Rajapaksa">Mahinda Rajapaksa</a> condemned the serial blasts in a statement saying "I unreservedly condemn the cowardly terrorist attacks in Ahmedabad, India, yesterday, killing and injuring a large number of persons, as well as the terrorist attacks in Bangalore the previous day" <sup id="cite_ref-zee_3_91-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_3-91" title="">[92]</a></sup>.</li><li>The Executive President said "These wanton acts of terror by the forces are ranged against democracy...Sri Lanka being a country gravely affected by the scourge of terrorism for more than two decades, we understand well how the manipulators of terror seek to destroy harmonious relations among communities and the democratic traditions that prevail in our societies...My Government and I share the determination and commitment of the Government and people of India not to yield to this sustained threat of terror from those who seek to achieve their ends by inflicting maximum damage to the lives and limbs of civilians, disrupting their day to day lives and society at large." <sup id="cite_ref-zee_3_91-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_3-91" title="">[92]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Flag of Afghanistan" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></p> <ul><li>Afghan President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamid_Karzai" title="Hamid Karzai">Hamid Karzai</a> called for a "collective struggle against terrorism which threatens the stability of the region. Terrorism is a serious threat against the international community and this evil phenomenon must be fought collectively." <sup id="cite_ref-zee_3_91-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-zee_3-91" title="">[92]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_France.svg" class="image" title="Flag of France"><img alt="Flag of France" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></p> <ul><li>French President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> wrote a letter to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and offered to further strengthen cooperation in the battle against terrorism. He condemned the blasts saying they were "blind, cowardly and inhuman". In his letter he said, “On this occasion, I wish to assure you of the full solidarity of the 27 member-states of the EU and their determination to fight alongside the Indian government to eradicate the scourge of terrorism"<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings#cite_note-92" title="">[93]</a></sup></li></ul>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-32175769535152538842008-09-24T07:33:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:34:12.856-07:0011 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings</span></span></h1><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"><tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mahim_train_blast.jpg" class="image" title="Mahim train blast.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mahim_train_blast.jpg/250px-Mahim_train_blast.jpg" border="0" width="250" height="213" /></a><br /><span style="">One of the bomb-damaged coaches at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahim" title="Mahim">Mahim</a> station</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">11 July</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a><br />18:24 – 18:35 (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+5.5)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bombings</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">209</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">714</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Terrorist outfits—Student Islamic Movement of India (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">SIMI</a>), Lashkar-e-Toiba (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeT" title="LeT" class="mw-redirect">LeT</a>; These are alleged perpetrators as legal proceedings have not yet taken place.)</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings</b> were a series of seven <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">bomb</a> blasts that took place over a period of 11 minutes on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Suburban Railway</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> (formerly <i>Bombay</i>), capital city of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" title="States and territories of India">state</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> and India's financial capital. Seven bombs were set off in pressure cookers, on trains plying on the western line of the suburban train network. 209 people lost their lives and over 700 were injured in the attacks. According to the Indian police the bombings were carried out by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-autogenerated2-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Details"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Details</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Injuries_and_fatalities"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Injuries and fatalities</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Response"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Response</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Resumption_of_services_and_return_to_normality"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Resumption of services and return to normality</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Rescue_and_relief_operations"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Rescue and relief operations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Sources_of_information"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Sources of information</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Impact"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Impact</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Heightened_security_measures"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Heightened security measures</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Setback_for_the_India-Pakistan_peace_process"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Setback for the India-Pakistan peace process</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Statements_in_response"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Statements in response</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Memorial_service"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Memorial service</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Investigation"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Investigation</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Arrests"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Arrests</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Forced_confessions"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Forced confessions</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Muslim_reaction_to_the_arrests"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Muslim reaction to the arrests</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#Investigation_updates"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Investigation updates</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Details" id="Details"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Details</span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 192px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:11_July_2006_Mumbai_bombings_-_map_showing_locations.png" class="image" title="Map showing the 'Western line' and blast locations."><img alt="Map showing the 'Western line' and blast locations." src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/11_July_2006_Mumbai_bombings_-_map_showing_locations.png/190px-11_July_2006_Mumbai_bombings_-_map_showing_locations.png" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="190" height="360" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:11_July_2006_Mumbai_bombings_-_map_showing_locations.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> Map showing the 'Western line' and blast locations.</div> </div> </div> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_cookers" title="Pressure cookers" class="mw-redirect">Pressure cookers</a> with 2.5kg of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a> each,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup> were placed on trains plying on the western line of the suburban ("local") train network, which forms the backbone of the city's transport network. The first blast reportedly took place at 18:24 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a> (12:54 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>), and the explosions continued for approximately eleven minutes, until 18:35,<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-cnn-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> during the after-work rush hour. All the bombs had been placed in the first-class "general" compartments (some compartments are reserved for women, called "ladies" compartments) of several trains running from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a>, the city-centre end of the western railway line, to the western suburbs of the city. They exploded at or in the near vicinity of the suburban railway stations of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matunga_Road" title="Matunga Road">Matunga Road</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahim" title="Mahim">Mahim</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandra" title="Bandra">Bandra</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khar_Road" title="Khar Road">Khar Road</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogeshwari" title="Jogeshwari">Jogeshwari</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhayandar_%28railway_station%29" title="Bhayandar (railway station)" class="mw-redirect">Bhayandar</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borivali" title="Borivali">Borivali</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Minister for Home Affairs (India)">Home Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a> told reporters that authorities had "some" information an attack was coming, "but place and time was not known".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p> <p>The bomb attacks in Mumbai came hours after a series of grenade attacks in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a>, the largest city in the Indian state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Secretary for Home Affairs (India)">Home Secretary</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_K_Duggal" title="V K Duggal" class="mw-redirect">V K Duggal</a> said there was no link between the Srinagar and Mumbai bomb blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtv-8_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-ndtv-8-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Injuries_and_fatalities" id="Injuries_and_fatalities"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Injuries and fatalities</span></h2> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption><b>11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings</b><br />Confirmed casualties</caption> <tbody><tr> <th><b>Train</b></th> <th><b>Blast location</b></th> <th><b>Carriage type</b></th> <th abbr="Time"><b>Time</b> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</th> <th><b>Deaths</b></th> <th><b>Injured</b></th> <th><b>Sources</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td>Travelling north<br />from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khar_Road" title="Khar Road">Khar Road</a> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santacruz_%28railway_station%29" title="Santacruz (railway station)">Santacruz</a></td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:24</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:50 Fast Local<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borivali" title="Borivali">Borivali</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandra" title="Bandra">Bandra</a> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khar_Road" title="Khar Road">Khar Road</a></td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:24</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:37 Slow Local<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borivali" title="Borivali">Borivali</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogeshwari" title="Jogeshwari">Jogeshwari</a> (PF #1)</td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:25</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:54 Fast Local<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borivali" title="Borivali">Borivali</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahim" title="Mahim">Mahim Junction</a> (PF #3)</td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:26</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Travelling north<br />from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mira_Road" title="Mira Road">Mira Road</a> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhayandar" title="Bhayandar">Bhayandar</a></td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:29</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:57 Fast Local<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virar" title="Virar">Virar</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matunga_Road" title="Matunga Road">Matunga Road</a> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahim" title="Mahim">Mahim Junction</a></td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:30</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:37 Fast Local<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virar" title="Virar">Virar</a></td> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borivali" title="Borivali">Borivali</a> <sup>1</sup></td> <td>First Class</td> <td>18:35</td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><br /></th> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><br /></td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><b>Total</b></td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">11 minutes</td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">209</td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">714</td> <td style="background: rgb(233, 233, 233) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_0-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-autogenerated2-0" title="">[1]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="7"><span style="font-size: 90%;"><sup>1</sup> One bomb exploded at this location, but another one was found by police and defused.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_2-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-cnn-2" title="">[3]</a></sup><br /></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> Deputy Chief Minister R. R. Patil confirmed that a total of 200 people were killed and another 714 others have been injured.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup> Additionally, various news organisations have reported that at least 200 people have died and that more than 700 others have been injured.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></p> <p>A week after the blasts in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> the confirmed death toll rose to 207.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p>In September 2006 it was confirmed that the death toll had risen to 209.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-autogenerated1-14" title="">[15]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Response" id="Response"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Response">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Response</span></h2> <table class="infobox" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_Train_Bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai Train Bombings" class="mw-redirect">11 July 2006<br />Mumbai Train Bombings</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">Articles</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statements_in_response_to_the_11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="Statements in response to the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Reactions</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_serial_train_blasts_investigations" title="Mumbai serial train blasts investigations">Investigations</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">See also</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Mumbai Suburban Railway</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="padding: 0pt; background-color: transparent; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;">This box: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:2006_Mumbai_bombings" title="Template:2006 Mumbai bombings"><span title="View this template" style="">view</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:2006_Mumbai_bombings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:2006 Mumbai bombings (page does not exist)"><span style="color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template">talk</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:2006_Mumbai_bombings&action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:2006_Mumbai_bombings&action=edit" rel="nofollow"><span style="color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">edit</span></a></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>A state of high alert was declared in India's major cities. Both the airports in Mumbai were placed on high alert. The western line of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Mumbai Suburban Railway</a> network was at first shut down, although some trains resumed service later, and stringent security arrangements, including frisking and searching of commuters, were instituted on the other lines of the network. The city's bus service, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brihanmumbai_Electric_Supply_and_Transport" title="Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport">BEST</a>, pressed extra buses into service to transport stranded commuters home.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup></p> <p>The Prime Minister also held a security meeting at his residence attended by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Minister for Home Affairs (India)">Home Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Advisor_%28India%29" title="National Security Advisor (India)">National Security Advisor</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_K_Narayanan" title="M K Narayanan" class="mw-redirect">M K Narayanan</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Secretary for Home Affairs (India)">Home Secretary</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_K_Duggal" title="V K Duggal" class="mw-redirect">V K Duggal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Resumption_of_services_and_return_to_normality" id="Resumption_of_services_and_return_to_normality"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Resumption of services and return to normality</span></h3> <p>Western Railway services were restored on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">11 July</a> by 10.45 pm.<sup id="cite_ref-Trains_back_on_track_on_July_12_17-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-Trains_back_on_track_on_July_12-17" title="">[18]</a></sup> As a show of investor confidence, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_Stock_Exchange" title="Mumbai Stock Exchange" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai Stock Exchange</a> rebounded, starting the day with the BSE Sensex Index up by nearly 1% in morning trade. Foreign investors also retained confidence, with the Sensex up almost 3% at 10,930.09 at the end of the day's trade.</p> <p><a name="Rescue_and_relief_operations" id="Rescue_and_relief_operations"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Rescue and relief operations</span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 202px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rescue_efforts.jpg" class="image" title="Railway workers cutting damaged part of the bomb damaged coaches"><img alt="Railway workers cutting damaged part of the bomb damaged coaches" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rescue_efforts.jpg/200px-Rescue_efforts.jpg" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="200" height="171" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rescue_efforts.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> Railway workers cutting damaged part of the bomb damaged coaches</div> </div> </div> <ul><li>Initial rescue efforts were hampered by the heavy rains and the prevalent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a> flooding, but quickly took momentum after fellow passengers and bystanders helped victims to reach waiting ambulances and/or provided first aid.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Maharashtra" title="Chief Minister of Maharashtra" class="mw-redirect">Chief Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilasrao_Deshmukh" title="Vilasrao Deshmukh">Vilasrao Deshmukh</a> announced <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_gratia" title="Ex gratia">ex-gratia</a> payments of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">Rs</a> 1,00,000 (approx. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USD" title="USD" class="mw-redirect">US$</a>2,200) to the next of kin of those who died in the explosion. The injured would be given Rs 50,000 (approx. US$1,100) each.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtv-8_6-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-ndtv-8-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a> announced <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">Rs</a> 5,00,000 (approx. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USD" title="USD" class="mw-redirect">US$</a>10,000) compensation and a job to the next of kin of those killed in the serial blasts in Mumbai. The announcements were made by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railways_Minister_%28India%29" title="Railways Minister (India)" class="mw-redirect">Railways Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalu_Prasad_Yadav" title="Lalu Prasad Yadav">Lalu Prasad Yadav</a> after visiting those injured in the blasts at a hospital in Mumbai.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></li></ul> <p>However a study commissioned by former MP Kirit Somaiya noted that that only 174 of the 1,077 victims had received compensation through the Railway Claims Tribunal. For the handicapped victims, only 15 out of 235 eligible cases had been taken care of. Regarding the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister</a>'s promise to India concerning the rehabilitation of the victims, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._K._Advani" title="L. K. Advani" class="mw-redirect">L. K. Advani</a> noted:</p> <table style="border-style: none; margin: auto; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;" valign="top" width="20">“</td> <td style="padding: 4px 10px;" valign="top">none of the above mentioned assurances has been fulfiled to any degree of satisfaction<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup></td> <td style="padding: 10px; color: rgb(178, 183, 242); font-size: 36px; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;" valign="bottom" width="20">”</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="Sources_of_information" id="Sources_of_information"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Sources of information</span></h3> <p>Due to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a> networks being jammed, news channels such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDTV" title="NDTV">NDTV</a> ran tickertapes with information of injured individuals as well as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_message_service" title="Short message service">SMS</a> messages from those who wish to contact their families.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a></sup> Reports indicated that at around 18:00 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">11 July</a> (midnight in Mumbai), the phone networks were restoring service; telephone service was completely restored during the night.</p> <p><a href="http://mumbaihelp.blogspot.com/" class="external text" title="http://mumbaihelp.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow">Mumbai Help</a>, a blog run by around thirty bloggers, was a useful source of information, especially for those outside India.</p> <p><a name="Impact" id="Impact"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Impact</span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 202px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:711_Blasts_Memorial.jpg" class="image" title="A memorial erected by the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena outside Borivali station aftermath the blasts"><img alt="A memorial erected by the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena outside Borivali station aftermath the blasts" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/711_Blasts_Memorial.jpg/200px-711_Blasts_Memorial.jpg" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="200" height="150" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:711_Blasts_Memorial.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> A memorial erected by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra_Navnirman_Sena" title="Maharashtra Navnirman Sena">Maharashtra Navnirman Sena</a> outside <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borivali" title="Borivali">Borivali</a> station aftermath the blasts</div> </div> </div> <p><a name="Heightened_security_measures" id="Heightened_security_measures"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Heightened security measures</span></h3> <p>In wake of the blasts, the Indian government tightened security in railway stations. Under new restrictions passed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_%28India%29" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a>, non-passengers would no longer be allowed on the railway platforms after July 2006. Other major security steps include installation of close circuit televisions inside the stations for round-the-clock vigil and installation of metal detectors.<sup id="cite_ref-Heightened_security_21-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-Heightened_security-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Setback_for_the_India-Pakistan_peace_process" id="Setback_for_the_India-Pakistan_peace_process"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Setback for the India-Pakistan peace process</span></h3> <p>Following the bomb attacks, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_State_of_External_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of State of External Affairs (page does not exist)">Minister of State of External Affairs</a> E. Ahamed announced on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">14 July</a> that India would suspend the talks with Pakistan until President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a> abides by his 2004 promise of ending all support to cross-border terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-End_of_talks_22-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-End_of_talks-22" title="">[23]</a></sup> However, Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> has conveyed India's willingness to be flexible with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> following Pakistani President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a>'s statements that ending the three-year long peace process would signal a victory for the separatist terrorists.<sup id="cite_ref-Possibility_for_resuming_the_peace_process_23-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-Possibility_for_resuming_the_peace_process-23" title="">[24]</a></sup></p> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">16 September</a> at the summit of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and President Pervez Musharraf made a joint statement announcing that the two countries would resume formal peace negotiations and set up a joint agency to tackle terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-Peace_talks_resume_24-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-Peace_talks_resume-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Statements_in_response" id="Statements_in_response"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Statements in response</span></h3> <dl><dd> <div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statements_in_response_to_the_11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="Statements in response to the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Statements in response to the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings</a></i></div> </dd></dl> <p>Various senior political figures from India and around the world condemned the attacks. In India, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister</a> Dr. Manmohan Singh was quick to call for calm in Mumbai, while <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Kalam" title="Abdul Kalam">Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_%28India%29" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Railways Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalu_Prasad_Yadav" title="Lalu Prasad Yadav">Lalu Prasad Yadav</a>, and president of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonia_Gandhi" title="Sonia Gandhi">Sonia Gandhi</a> also issued statements regarding the bombings in Mumbai. Officials from other nations offered their condolences to those affected by the bombings. Officials, from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> which has long feuded with India, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, which was the target of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">similar attacks</a> the previous July, were among those who denounced the attacks in Mumbai as well as terrorism as a whole. Several terrorist groups, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a>, made comments — both in condemnation and condonation — about the attacks as well.</p> <p><a name="Memorial_service" id="Memorial_service"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Memorial service</span></h3> <p>A <a href="http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,19844825-663,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,19844825-663,00.html" rel="nofollow">memorial service</a> was held in Mumbai on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">18 July</a> at 6:25 pm local time — exactly one week after the blasts. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Kalam" title="Abdul Kalam">Abdul Kalam</a>, his hand raised to his forehead in salute, led the two-minute silence as people lit candles and placed wreaths at Mahim station, one of the seven places on the suburban rail network hit by bombs. Sirens sounded across Mumbai marking the <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5188450.stm" class="external text" title="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5188450.stm" rel="nofollow">memorial service</a>. People gathered at the site of the blasts, in railway stations on the city's Western Line and millions of people stopped talking, traffic came to a halt and cinemas interrupted films as a city that never stops observed a silence for bombing victims.</p> <p><a name="Investigation" id="Investigation"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigation</span></h2> <p>Some 350 people were detained 36 hours after the incident in Maharashtra — police claim that these are people rounded up for investigations.<sup id="cite_ref-350_rounded_in_Maha_25-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-350_rounded_in_Maha-25" title="">[26]</a></sup> On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">14 July</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Qahhar" title="Lashkar-e-Qahhar">Lashkar-e-Qahhar</a>, a terrorist organisation possibly linked to Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), claimed responsibility for the bombings. In an e-mail to an Indian TV channel, the outfit says it organised the bombings using 16 people who are all "safe". According to the e-mail, the main motive seems to have been a retaliation to the situation in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujrat" title="Gujrat">Gujrat</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> regions, possibly referring to the alleged oppression of Muslim minorities in certain parts of the region. It also says that the blasts were part of a series of attacks aimed at other sites such as the Mumbai international airport, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateway_of_India" title="Gateway of India">Gateway of India</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taj_Mahal" title="Taj Mahal">Taj Mahal</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Fort" title="Red Fort">Red Fort</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>. The authorities are investigating this claim and are trying to track the location of the e-mail sender.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup> However, on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_17" title="July 17">17 July</a>, the forensic science laboratory Mumbai has confirmed the use of a mixture of the highly explosive <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_Nitrate" title="Ammonium Nitrate" class="mw-redirect">Ammonium Nitrate</a> for the bombings. The presence of these explosives in the post explosive debris was confirmed by modern techniques such as Liquid <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatography" title="Chromatography">Chromatography</a> with mass detector (LCMS), Gas Chromatography with mass detector (GCMS) and Ion Scan Chromatography. They have indicated a strong possibility of all explosives being planted at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchgate" title="Churchgate">Churchgate</a> railway station, which was the starting point for all affected trains.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a></sup></p> <p>Initially, religious extremists from the Lashkar-e-Toiba and the banned Students Islamic Movement of India terrorist groups, and Pakistan's intelligence agency <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">ISI</a> were the prime suspects.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Prime_suspects_29-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-Prime_suspects-29" title="">[30]</a></sup> Both Lashkar and SIMI denied responsibility for the bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-LeT_SIMI_denial_30-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-LeT_SIMI_denial-30" title="">[31]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SIMI_involvement_31-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-SIMI_involvement-31" title="">[32]</a></sup> There was also evidence about the involvement of the international Islamic terrorist group <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> following a phone call from a man claiming to be a spokesperson for the group on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_13" title="July 13">13 July</a>. The alleged al-Qaeda spokesman had said the blasts were a "consequence of Indian oppression and suppression of minorities, particularly Muslims."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-32" title="">[33]</a></sup></p> <p>On September 30, 2006 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> reported that "The Indian government accused Pakistan's military spy agency, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a>, of planning the July 11 Mumbai train bombings that killed 209 people".<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-autogenerated1-14" title="">[15]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Arrests" id="Arrests"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Arrests</span></h3> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">21 July</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> police arrested three people suspected to be involved in the bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-33" title="">[34]</a></sup> Police have detained more than 300 suspects since <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">18 July</a> but these are the first arrests in the case.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-34" title="">[35]</a></sup> Two of the men were detained on Thursday in the northern state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> and the third later in Mumbai.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-35" title="">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-36" title="">[37]</a></sup> All three are said to belong to the banned SIMI organisation. On the same day, Abdul Karim Tunda was arrested in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> on suspicions of involvement in the train bombings.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-37" title="">[38]</a></sup> He is one of India's most wanted men and also a suspected organizer for the banned Islamic militant group Lashkar-e-Toiba.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-38" title="">[39]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Forced_confessions" id="Forced_confessions"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_confession" title="Forced confession">Forced confessions</a></span></h3> <p>In late 2006, all the seven key accused in the Mumbai train blasts in July retracted their alleged confession to the police, saying they were illegally forced to sign blank papers, an Indian TV channel reported.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-39" title="">[40]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Muslim_reaction_to_the_arrests" id="Muslim_reaction_to_the_arrests"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Muslim reaction to the arrests</span></h3> <p>Following the blasts, almost immediately, police arrested hundreds of Muslims for the investigation purposes. Muslims alleged they were the victims of police witch-hunts. Although the police denied singling out any group, the critics retorted that police had been mostly raiding the Muslim dominated-pockets in India.</p> <p>The imam of India’s largest mosque — the Jama Masjid in New Delhi — Syed Ahmed Bukhari said, “Of course this is a deliberate targeting of Muslims”. Another Muslim leader Anees Durrani echoed Imam Bukhari’s views. He said, “very biased against Muslims”. He further added, “You can see that very plainly by the way the investigations are proceeding. Leaders of Indian Muslims have condemned the Mumbai blasts and others before July 11. No one knows who carried out the blasts but the needle of suspicion is always pointed towards us”.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings#cite_note-40" title="">[41]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Investigation_updates" id="Investigation_updates"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigation updates</span></h3> <p>The Indian National Security Advisor M K Narayanan has said that India doesn't have "clinching" evidence of the involvement of ISI in the Mumbai train blasts of July 11.</p> <p>"I would hesitate to say we have clinching evidence but we have pretty good evidence," he was quoted as saying on CNN-IBN.</p> <p>Following Narayanan's remarks, the Union Home Secretary V.K. Duggal on Monday characterised the evidence as "very good [...] it is fairly solid evidence,".</p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-67045252315999643022008-09-24T07:31:00.000-07:002008-09-24T07:32:58.991-07:002008 Bangalore serial blasts<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>2008 Bangalore serial blasts</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">2008 Bangalore serial blasts</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">25 July</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing" title="Bombing" class="mw-redirect">Bombings</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">2</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">20</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; float: right; clear: right; width: 315px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 2px;"> <table id="collapsibleTable0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;">[<a href="javascript:collapseTable(0);" id="collapseButton0">hide</a>]</span> <div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"> <div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_India_terrorism" title="Template:Campaignbox India terrorism"><span title="View this template" style="border: medium none ; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_India_terrorism" title="Template talk:Campaignbox India terrorism"><span style="border: medium none ; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: rgb(0, 43, 184); -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" title="Discussion about this template">d</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Campaignbox_India_terrorism&action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Campaignbox_India_terrorism&action=edit" rel="nofollow"><span style="border: medium none ; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: rgb(0, 43, 184); -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px;"> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">Malegaon</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">Jaipur</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><strong class="selflink">Bangalore</strong> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2008</a></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>2008 Bangalore serial blasts</b> occurred on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. A series of nine bombs exploded in which two people were killed and 20 injured. <sup id="cite_ref-ITGO_BB_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ITGO_BB-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-ToI_6_blasts_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ToI_6_blasts-2" title="">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rediff_7_blasts_3-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-rediff_7_blasts-3" title="">[4]</a></sup> According to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore_City_Police" title="Bangalore City Police">Bangalore City Police</a>, the blasts were caused by low-intensity crude bombs triggered by timers.<sup id="cite_ref-ToI_6_blasts_2-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ToI_6_blasts-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p> <p>Bangalore is the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> hub of India with more than 40% of the country's IT and software industry based there. India already suffered from a similar <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings" title="13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings">series of blasts in Jaipur</a>, in May 2008.</p> <p><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i> has reported that either the banned organization <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a> or the militant organization <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> could be behind these blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-SIMI.2C_LeT_may_be_behind_Bangalore_blasts:_IB_4-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-SIMI.2C_LeT_may_be_behind_Bangalore_blasts:_IB-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_%28India%29" title="Intelligence Bureau (India)">Intelligence Bureau</a> is not ruling out the involvement of these organisations, however the police maintain that it is too early to attribute blame to anyone.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff_7_blasts_3-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-rediff_7_blasts-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>This was followed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_serial_blasts" title="2008 Ahmedabad serial blasts" class="mw-redirect">2008 Ahmedabad serial blasts</a> occurring on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#The_bombings"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">The bombings</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#Casualties"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Casualties</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#Reactions"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Reactions</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#India"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">India</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#International"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">International</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#Impacts"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Impacts</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#Investigation"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Investigation</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="The_bombings" id="The_bombings"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">The bombings</span></h2> <p>It was initially reported that three blasts took place at around 1:30 PM <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IBNLive_video_260_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-IBNLive_video_260-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> Later reports indicated that four low-intensity blasts occurred: One at Nayandahalli (1:30 PM IST), two in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madiwala" title="Madiwala">Madiwala</a> (at 1:50 PM IST), and the last in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adugodi" title="Adugodi" class="mw-redirect">Adugodi</a> (2:10 PM). Other blasts were reported from areas including the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittal_Mallya" title="Vittal Mallya">Mallya</a> hospital, Langford Road and Richmond Circle.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff_7_blasts_3-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-rediff_7_blasts-3" title="">[4]</a></sup> The Madiwala blast took place at a check post, behind <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Forum_%28shopping_mall%29" title="The Forum (shopping mall)">The Forum</a>, a popular shopping mall in Bengaluru.</p> <p>It has been reported that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin" title="Gelatin">gelatin</a> sticks were used in the bombs. Police indicated that all bombs had <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timer" title="Timer">timer</a> devices attached to them and that mobile phones were used to trigger the bombs.<sup id="cite_ref-7_blasts_rock_Bengaluru.2C_2_killed.2C_twenty_wounded_7-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-7_blasts_rock_Bengaluru.2C_2_killed.2C_twenty_wounded-7" title="">[8]</a></sup> The blasts were low-intensity but occurred in crowded areas.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_serial_8-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-BBC_serial-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <ul><li>1st blast: 1.20 pm, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madiwala" title="Madiwala">Madiwala</a> bus depot</li><li>2nd blast: 1.25 pm, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mysore" title="Mysore">Mysore</a> road</li><li>3rd blast: 1.40 pm, Adugudi</li><li>4th blast: 2.10 pm, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koramangala" title="Koramangala">Koramangala</a></li><li>5th blast: 2.25 pm, Vittal Mallya road</li><li>6th blast: 2.35 pm, Langford Town</li><li>7th blast: Richmond Town <sup id="cite_ref-Bangalore_blasts:_When_and_where_9-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-Bangalore_blasts:_When_and_where-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></li></ul> <p>There was another Bomb found on the 26th July 2008 in Bangalore near Koramangala Forum Mall which was defused successfully by the Bomb Detection Squad.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Casualties" id="Casualties"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Casualties</span></h2> <p>Current reports indicate that two people have been killed and 20 injured.<sup id="cite_ref-ToI_6_blasts_2-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ToI_6_blasts-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p> <p>One of the confirmed dead was a woman waiting at a bus shelter in Madiwala on the Hosur road; her husband and another person were seriously injured. The injured have been admitted to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John%27s_Medical_College" title="St. John's Medical College">St. Johns Hospital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff_7_blasts_3-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-rediff_7_blasts-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>In response to the attack Prime Minister Singh sanctioned an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_gratia" title="Ex gratia">ex gratia</a> payment of Rs one <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakh" title="Lakh">lakh</a> to the relatives of those dead and Rs 50,000 to those injured in the blasts.<sup id="cite_ref-ptinews_11-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ptinews-11" title="">[12]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dead_external_links" title="Wikipedia:Dead external links">dead link</a></i>]</span></sup></p> <p><a name="Reactions" id="Reactions"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Reactions</span></h2> <p><a name="India" id="India"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">India</span></h3> <ul><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> condemned the serial bomb blasts and urged people to remain calm and maintain communal harmony.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Karnataka" title="Chief Minister of Karnataka" class="mw-redirect">Chief Minister of Karnataka</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._S._Yeddyurappa" title="B. S. Yeddyurappa">B. S. Yeddyurappa</a> stated, "It's a planned conspiracy to vitiate the atmosphere and to try to create confusion among people. There is no need to panic. It's a planned conspiracy. I appeal to people to maintain calm."<sup id="cite_ref-PM.2C_Karnataka_CM_condemn_blasts.3B_call_for_calm_12-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-PM.2C_Karnataka_CM_condemn_blasts.3B_call_for_calm-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></li><li>Leader of the opposition <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._K._Advani" title="L. K. Advani" class="mw-redirect">L. K. Advani</a> said, "I strongly condemn the blasts in Bangalore, it is the latest in a long series of terrorist acts in various parts of the country...I also express my condolences to the families of those killed and injured in blasts."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></li><li>President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Patil</a> condemned the blasts and expressed deep shock at the loss of lives at the IT capital saying it was aimed at disturbing peace in the country.</li><li>Vice-President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamid_Ansari" title="Hamid Ansari" class="mw-redirect">Hamid Ansari</a> also condemned the blasts and said that such acts of terrorism were intended to disturb peace which should be thwarted through national resolves to maintain peace and harmony.<sup id="cite_ref-ptinews_11-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ptinews-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIADMK" title="AIADMK" class="mw-redirect">AIADMK</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Secretary" title="General Secretary">General Secretary</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Jayalalithaa" title="J. Jayalalithaa">J. Jayalalithaa</a> said: "In view of the serial blasts that have rocked the states in quick succession, I reiterate that, in order to defend and maintain the territorial integrity of the nation, a special act like POTA should be revived and allowed to remain in our statute books to effectively counter terrorists and extremist outfits...These dastardly acts of terrorists must be condemned by us in the strongest terms. I urge the central and state governments to make a thorough probe to nab the culprits. We must solemnly resolve to stand firm and united against such acts of mindless terror".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup></li><li>A statement from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_India_Muslim_Forum" title="All India Muslim Forum">All India Muslim Forum</a> said the group "strongly condemns the dastardly terrorist blasts at Banglore and Ahmedabad, claiming scores of innocent lives and injuring hundreds, and appeals to the people to maintain communal harmony in the face of these sinister moves which aim at tearing apart the country's social fabric."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><a name="International" id="International"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">International</span></h3> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></p> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan" title="Prime Minister of Pakistan">Prime Minister</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yousuf_Raza_Gillani" title="Yousuf Raza Gillani" class="mw-redirect">Yousuf Raza Gillani</a> condemned the bomb attacks in Bangalore and Ahmedabad, describing them as "acts of senseless violence against innocent persons".</li><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_%28Pakistan%29" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Foreign Ministry</a> released a statement saying, "Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gillani has strongly condemned the acts of terrorist violence in the Indian cities of Ahmedabad and Bangalore and expressed deep sympathies with the bereaved families and the victims of these dastardly acts of senseless violence against innocent persons." <sup id="cite_ref-itgo_cond_16-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-itgo_cond-16" title="">[17]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United States.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="12" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></p> <ul><li>The US embassy released a statement ""The US condemns the vicious terror attacks in Bangalore on Friday and Ahmedabad on Saturday" and extended condolences to the families of the bereaved. <sup id="cite_ref-itgo_cond_16-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-itgo_cond-16" title="">[17]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><a name="Impacts" id="Impacts"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Impacts</span></h2> <p>Calls by concerned and panicked citizens resulted in the telephone networks being jammed.<sup id="cite_ref-IBNLive_video_260_6-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-IBNLive_video_260-6" title="">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NDTV_5_blasts_18-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-NDTV_5_blasts-18" title="">[19]</a></sup> Malls, schools and cinema halls across the city were shut down, and the police cordoned off the blast sites.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_serial_8-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-BBC_serial-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <p>The effect of the blast on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensex" title="Sensex" class="mw-redirect">Sensex</a> was immediately visible with losses exceeding 3.5% reported on Friday after the Bangalore blasts. The 30-share BSE index was down 3.7%, or 529.28 points at 14,228.81, with 23 components in the red. The 50-issue NSE index was down 2.9 percent at 4,305.30.<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_News_shares_19-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-Yahoo_News_shares-19" title="">[20]</a></sup></p> <p>The government has issued a statement that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_IT_companies_in_Bangalore" title="List of IT companies in Bangalore">IT companies in Bangalore</a> were not the target of the blast. Major IT companies based in Bangalore like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipro" title="Wipro" class="mw-redirect">Wipro</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infosys" title="Infosys">Infosys</a> have reported no impact on their operations and all employees as safe. However, employees were urged to leave for home early.<sup id="cite_ref-Blasts_have_no_impact_on_operations:_Infosys.2C_Wipro_20-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-Blasts_have_no_impact_on_operations:_Infosys.2C_Wipro-20" title="">[21]</a></sup> A new security plan for IT and other industries was announced by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Minister for Home Affairs (India)">Minister for Home Affairs (India)</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a> immediately after the Bangalore serial blasts. Under the new amendment of law <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Industrial_Security_Force" title="Central Industrial Security Force">Central Industrial Security Force</a> personnel could be used to safeguard <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_sector" title="Private sector">private sector</a> industries which till now was limited to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_sector_undertaking" title="Public sector undertaking">public sector undertakings</a> (PSUs).<sup id="cite_ref-Centre_warned_Karnataka_just_a_day_before_attack_21-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-Centre_warned_Karnataka_just_a_day_before_attack-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Investigation" id="Investigation"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigation</span></h2> <p>No one has claimed responsibility for the bombings. The Bangalore Police Commissioner, Shankar Bidari, termed the blasts "an act of miscreants" trying to disturb peace in the city. The Union Home Ministry of India named the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>-based <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a>, as the suspects.<sup id="cite_ref-rediff_7_blasts_3-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-rediff_7_blasts-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p> <p>The Bangalore Police said that attack "bore some hallmarks" of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>-based militant group <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> (HuJI).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup></p> <p>The Central <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> had warned the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Karnataka" title="Government of Karnataka">Karnataka state government</a> one day earlier that state was high on the terror hitlist along with six other <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_and_union_territory_capitals" title="List of Indian state and union territory capitals">Indian states</a> – <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_%28India%29" title="Punjab (India)">Punjab (India)</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> – and Union Territory <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Centre_warned_Karnataka_just_a_day_before_attack_21-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-Centre_warned_Karnataka_just_a_day_before_attack-21" title="">[22]</a></sup></p> <p>There is a possible connection with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Andhra</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> attacks. An official was quoted as saying "The aim of these groups, whether HuJI or LeT or Simi, is clear. Bangalore and Hyderabad are being chosen as targets to create panic in the US as the cities house [the] biggest IT companies from the US." The Andhra – Karnataka link involves Raziuddin Nasir, a Hyderabad resident, and his aide Hafiz Khan Adnan from Bangalore, were arrested near Hubli in Karnataka this year. Furthermore, another clear link between the terror elements in both blasts is the explosive material used. In the Bangalore blasts an explosive with an ammonium nitrate base was used, while in the Gokul Chat and Lumbini Park explosions in Hyderabad a similar ammonium nitrate base was used. These were also of low intensity with the aim of creating panic. Like the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malegaon" title="Malegaon">Malegaon</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca_Masjid" title="Mecca Masjid">Mecca Masjid</a> blasts, it took place on a Friday during or just after the prayers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup> In response to these blasts security was also beefed up in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup></p> <p>It was also reported that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeper_cell" title="Sleeper cell" class="mw-redirect">sleeper cells</a> have gained a firm foothold in Karnataka with the discovery of terror camps in the Karnataka forest early in the year. In this vein, near-simultaneous blasts – all having the footprint of the jehadi network that had carried out blasts in Varanasi, Jaipur, Mumbai and elsewhere – point to the strong foothold terrorists have made in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup></p> <p>On 29th July, the Bangalore police <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anti_Terrorism_Squad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti Terrorism Squad (page does not exist)">Anti Terrorism Squad</a> (ATS) arrested a SIMI activist named Sameer Sadiq in connection with the blasts. According to the police, Sadiq had played a key role in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surat_riots&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surat riots (page does not exist)">Surat riots</a>. He was staying at Gurapanapalya in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, the area which incidentally housed the SIMI office before it had been banned<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup>.</p> <p>On July 30, 2008, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau" title="Intelligence Bureau">Intelligence Bureau</a> (IB) indicated that two men - Rasool Khan Parti and Mohammad Sufiya Ahmed Patangiya - currently living at Farahan Arcade Gulistan in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> were the masterminds behind the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_serial_blasts" title="2008 Ahmedabad serial blasts" class="mw-redirect">Ahmedabad</a> and the Bangalore serial blasts. They used to reside in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>. Both are possibly members of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> Police has been looking for them in connection to the murder of former Gujarat state minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haren_Pandya" title="Haren Pandya">Haren Pandya</a><sup id="cite_ref-ibmaster_27-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts#cite_note-ibmaster-27" title="">[28]</a></sup>.</p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-55233229541789263632008-09-24T03:08:00.000-07:002008-09-24T03:09:43.823-07:0013 May 2008 Jaipur bombings - they are investigating..and will always will...<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings</span><span style="padding: 0pt ! important; white-space: nowrap ! important; float: none ! important; text-decoration: none ! important;"> </span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightsteelblue;">Jaipur bombings</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Location</th> <td class="location" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><img class="noprint" style="padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; cursor: pointer;" title="show location on an interactive map" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Erioll_world.svg/18px-Erioll_world.svg.png" /><a href="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings&params=26.9260_N_75.8235_E_" class="external text" title="http://stable.toolserver.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings&params=26.9260_N_75.8235_E_" rel="nofollow"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 26°55′34″N 75°49′25″E"><span class="latitude">26°55′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">75°49′25″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec geo" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for 26.9260 75.8235"><span class="latitude">26.9260</span>, <span class="longitude">75.8235</span></span></span></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Date</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">13 May 2008<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart updated">2008-05-13</span>)</span><br />7.30 PM (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC" title="UTC" class="mw-redirect">UTC</a>+5.5)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Attack type</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_bomb" title="Bicycle bomb">bicycle bombs</a> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_Nitrate" title="Ammonium Nitrate" class="mw-redirect">Ammonium Nitrate</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Deaths</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">63</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Injured</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">216</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;">Perpetrator(s)</th> <td class="" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a> (claimed responsibility)<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> (suspected)</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>13 May 2008 Jaipur bombings</b> were a series of nine synchronized <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">bomb</a> blasts that took place within a span of fifteen minutes at various locations in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a>, the capital city of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_state" title="Indian state" class="mw-redirect">Indian state</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>, and a popular tourist destination. A tenth bomb was found and defused.<sup id="cite_ref-tenth_0-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-tenth-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> Official reports confirm 63 dead with 216 or more people injured.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup> The bombings shocked most of India and resulted in widespread condemnation from leaders across the world with many countries showing solidarity with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> in its fight against terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-IndiaTimes-condemn_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-IndiaTimes-condemn-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p> <p>This was the first time terrorists had targeted Jaipur<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup>, India's tenth largest city and one of its most popular tourist destinations. The bombs went off near historic monuments at one of the busiest times of the day. One of the bombs exploded close to Jaipur's most famous landmark, the historic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa_Mahal" title="Hawa Mahal">Hawa Mahal</a> (palace of winds).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></p> <p>Two days after the blasts, a previously unknown <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamic</a> militant group<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup> known as <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mujahideen" title="Indian Mujahideen">Indian Mujahideen</a></i>, sent an e-mail to Indian media in which they claimed responsibility for the attacks<sup id="cite_ref-IndiaToday-video_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-IndiaToday-video-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> and said they would "demolish the faith (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>)" of the "infidels of India".<sup id="cite_ref-TheAustralian-expel_7-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-TheAustralian-expel-7" title="">[8]</a></sup> Though the Indian authorities said that the e-mail was genuine, they also added that there were some contradictions and the primary motive of the e-mail might be to mislead investigating agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Home_Affairs_%28India%29" title="Ministry of Home Affairs (India)">Indian Home Ministry</a> sources said that a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>-based organization, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a> (HuJI) or "Islamic Holy War Movement", was suspected to be behind the attack. The police were also able to find credible evidence linking the suspected bombers to Bangladeshi militants<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup> which resulted in backlash against illegal Bangladeshi immigrants in Rajasthan.<sup id="cite_ref-migrants_10-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-migrants-10" title="">[11]</a></sup> India plans to expel more than 50,000 Bangladeshi migrants in Rajasthan.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#Bombings"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Bombings</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#Aftermath"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Aftermath</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#Investigations"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Investigations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#Claim_of_responsibility"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Claim of responsibility</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#Domestic_reactions"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Domestic reactions</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#International_reactions"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">International reactions</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#Effect_on_IPL"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Effect on IPL</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="Bombings" id="Bombings"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Bombings</span></h2> <p>The following areas were bombed using <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX" title="RDX">RDX</a> placed in bicycles:</p> <ul><li>Badi Choupar</li><li>Manak Chowk Police Station area</li><li>Johari Bazar</li><li>Tripolia Bazar</li><li>Choti Choupar</li><li>Kotwali area</li></ul> <p>Nine bombs at seven locations exploded within fifteen minutes, starting at 7:10 PM.<sup id="cite_ref-tenth_0-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-tenth-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> The blasts were synchronized to inflict maximum casualties. The first two blasts occurred at Manak Chowk and as the crowd ran towards Johri Bazar another two blasts near the National Handloom Centre blocked the exit point, pushing back the panicked crowd towards Tripolia Bazar and Chandpol area, where subsequent blasts caused maximum fatalities.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Aftermath" id="Aftermath"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Aftermath</span></h2> <table class="navbox" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0.5em 1em; float: right; clear: right; width: 315px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 2px;"> <table id="collapsibleTable0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;">[<a href="javascript:collapseTable(0);" id="collapseButton0">show</a>]</span> <div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"> <div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_India_terrorism" title="Template:Campaignbox India terrorism"><span title="View this template" style="border: medium none ; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_India_terrorism" title="Template talk:Campaignbox India terrorism"><span style="border: medium none ; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: rgb(0, 43, 184); -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" title="Discussion about this template">d</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Campaignbox_India_terrorism&action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Campaignbox_India_terrorism&action=edit" rel="nofollow"><span style="border: medium none ; background: lightsteelblue none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: rgb(0, 43, 184); -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-size: 90%;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.2em 0pt; line-height: 1.3em;"><span style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a> since 2001</span></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"> <td></td> </tr> <tr style="display: none;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">Indian Parliament attack</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2003_Mumbai_Bombings" title="25 August 2003 Mumbai Bombings" class="mw-redirect">Mumbai 2003</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Ram_Janmabhoomi_attack_in_Ayodhya" title="2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_October_2005_Delhi_bombings" title="29 October 2005 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2005</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Varanasi_bombings" title="2006 Varanasi bombings">Varanasi</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Jama_Masjid_explosions" title="2006 Jama Masjid explosions">Jama Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11_July_2006_Mumbai_train_bombings" title="11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings">Mumbai 2006</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Malegaon_blasts" title="2006 Malegaon blasts">Malegaon</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">Samjhauta Express</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May_2007_Mecca_Masjid_bombing" title="18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing">Mecca Masjid</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_bombings" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh bombings" class="mw-redirect">Uttar Pradesh</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><strong class="selflink">Jaipur</strong> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bangalore_serial_blasts" title="2008 Bangalore serial blasts">Bangalore</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Ahmedabad_bombings" title="2008 Ahmedabad bombings">Ahmedabad</a> –</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Delhi_bombings" title="2008 Delhi bombings">Delhi 2008</a></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The serial blasts created panic among most of Jaipur's residents following which several units of police and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Paramilitary_Forces" title="Indian Paramilitary Forces" class="mw-redirect">Indian Paramilitary Forces</a> were deployed throughout the city. Most of the victims were taken to Sawai Man Singh Hospital. The doctors used the mobile phones of the dead to inform the victims' relatives.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup> A curfew was imposed in parts of Jaipur and the state government of Rajasthan has ordered all units of police to maintain extra vigilance across the state. The Government of India deployed several units of the elite <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Guards" title="National Security Guards">National Security Guards</a> in Jaipur to aid the law and order forces in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup> 400 men from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Action_Force" title="Rapid Action Force">Rapid Action Force</a> were also sent.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup> A few hours after the blasts, India declared high alert across several major Indian cities including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> (Bombay) and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a> (Madras). Security in other major Indian tourist destinations like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panaji" title="Panaji">Panaji</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> was also increased.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Police" title="Delhi Police" class="mw-redirect">Delhi Police</a> also sent a team to Jaipur to check whether the terrorist attacks there had any links with previous terrorists attacks in Delhi.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Investigations" id="Investigations"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Investigations</span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jaipurblastwanted.jpg" class="image" title="A sketch of a suspect released by Indian police"><img alt="A sketch of a suspect released by Indian police" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Jaipurblastwanted.jpg/180px-Jaipurblastwanted.jpg" class="thumbimage" border="0" width="180" height="126" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jaipurblastwanted.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /></a></div> A sketch of a suspect released by Indian police</div> </div> </div> <p>India ordered an inquiry into the blasts while the Indian Home Ministry raised concerns that certain 'foreign elements' might be behind the bombings. The police has found credible evidence linking the bombing suspects to Bangladesh-based militants.<sup id="cite_ref-Makkar_18-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-Makkar-18" title="">[19]</a></sup> Consequently, Rajasthan state government took severe measures against illegal Bangladeshi immigrants in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-migrants_10-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-migrants-10" title="">[11]</a></sup></p> <p>Four people were detained for questioning by Rajasthan police regarding the blasts. A lead has already been traced by the police.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup> Initial police investigations suggested the involvement of several Islamic militant organizations like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>-based <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami" title="Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami">Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student%27s_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Student's Islamic Movement of India" class="mw-redirect">Student's Islamic Movement of India</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>-based <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba" title="Lashkar-e-Toiba">Lashkar-e-Toiba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a></sup> Concerns are also being raised about the possible involvement of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup> In a statement, militant group Lashkar-e-Toiba denied its involvement in the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup></p> <p>Police officials say that the bomb blasts in Jaipur follow patterns similar to those observed during the bomb blasts in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad,_India" title="Hyderabad, India">Hyderabad</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup> The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Police" title="Indian Police" class="mw-redirect">Indian Police</a> revealed that the bombs planted were of low intensity but by placing them in highly crowded areas, the terrorists had ensured that the death toll would be high.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup> The <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Times_of_India" title="Times of India" class="mw-redirect">Times of India</a></i> quoted Additional Director General of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan_Police" title="Rajasthan Police">Rajasthan Police</a> officer as saying that the terrorists had planted "highly explosive RDX" with timers on bicycles, a technique which was also used during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_November_2007_Uttar_Pradesh_serial_blasts" title="23 November 2007 Uttar Pradesh serial blasts" class="mw-redirect">terror attacks</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> in November, 2007 (in which the involvement of Bangladesh's Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami is also suspected).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup> The police has also found striking similarity between the Jaipur bombings and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_August_2007_Hyderabad_bombings" title="25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings">Hyderabad bombings</a>. On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">May 15</a>, a police officer said,</p> <dl><dd>About 1.5 kg of Neogel with metal ball-bearings was put in boat-shaped wooden cases in Jaipur and Hyderabad. In both cases, timers were used. The similarities in the signatures of the bombs are shocking.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup></dd></dl> <p>The police said that they had identified the people who had sold bicycles to the attackers.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a></sup> The bicycle sellers said that the bombers spoke <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali language</a>, adding credibility to police claims that the terrorists might be Bangladeshis. A police official said,</p> <dl><dd>The employees [of the bicycle shop] have told us that they did not look like Rajasthanis and spoke in broken Hindi. In fact they were speaking Bengali, which has again given rise to speculation that the militants were from a Bangladeshi outfit.<sup id="cite_ref-Makkar_18-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-Makkar-18" title="">[19]</a></sup></dd></dl> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_14" title="May 14">May 14</a>, the Indian police released a sketch of a suspect.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a></sup> A day later, the police released sketches of three additional suspects.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-29" title="">[30]</a></sup> A shop owner in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udaipur" title="Udaipur" class="mw-redirect">Udaipur</a> claimed he saw one of the suspects a few days back.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-30" title="">[31]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Claim_of_responsibility" id="Claim_of_responsibility"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Claim of responsibility</span></h3> <p>A little-known group <i>Indian Mujahideen</i> claimed responsibility for the attacks and sent a video to <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaj_Tak" title="Aaj Tak">Aaj Tak</a></i> via e-mail supposedly featuring the bicycles wrapped with explosives used during the terror attacks. The address from which the e-mail was sent was reported to be "guru_alhindi_jaipur@yahoo.co.uk".<sup id="cite_ref-IndiaToday-video_6-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-IndiaToday-video-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> News agencies reported that the video showed a serial number on one of the bicycles as '129489'.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-31" title="">[32]</a></sup> Police officials confirmed that the bicycle used in Choti Choupad blast had the same serial number. However, Rajasthan Chief Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasundhara_Raje" title="Vasundhara Raje">Vasundhara Raje</a> also suggested that a secondary objective of the e-mail could also be to mislead the investigating authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-Raje_32-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-Raje-32" title="">[33]</a></sup></p> <p>In the e-mail, the group threatened an "open war against India" unless it stops supporting the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> on "international issues".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-33" title="">[34]</a></sup> It also said that it would "demolish the faith (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>)" of the "infidels of India".<sup id="cite_ref-TheAustralian-expel_7-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-TheAustralian-expel-7" title="">[8]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Domestic_reactions" id="Domestic_reactions"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Domestic reactions</span></h3> <table style="border: 2px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); margin: 1em 0em 1em 1em; padding: 4px; float: right; font-size: 90%; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"><b>"This is not a crime, we are in the middle of a war."</b><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasundhara_Raje" title="Vasundhara Raje">Vasundhara Raje</a>, Rajasthan Chief Minister<sup id="cite_ref-Raje_32-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-Raje-32" title="">[33]</a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President of India</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Patil</a> expressed her grief at the loss of lives in the blasts and appealed for calm while the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a>, pledged the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>'s support to the state <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Rajasthan" title="Government of Rajasthan">Government of Rajasthan</a> and the victims' families.<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg1_34-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-bloomberg1-34" title="">[35]</a></sup> The Prime Minister also said:</p> <dl><dd>The terrorists have the advantage of attacking by stealth but there is no lack of firmness in dealing with this menace. All possible precautions are being taken. It would be premature on my part to comment anything as it will interfere with the investigations.<sup id="cite_ref-discord_35-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-discord-35" title="">[36]</a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Singh also defended the Government’s intelligence mechanisms saying the number of cases that the intelligence agencies had anticipated and prevented was "significant".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-36" title="">[37]</a></sup> He observed:</p> <dl><dd>There are many cases where security agencies have foiled attempts. Many cases were anticipated. I don’t want to talk about what they were able to prevent.<sup id="cite_ref-discord_35-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-discord-35" title="">[36]</a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Indian Home Minister, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivraj_Patil" title="Shivraj Patil">Shivraj Patil</a>, conveyed his condolences to the victims' families.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-37" title="">[38]</a></sup> The Government of India announced 100,000 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INR" title="INR">INR</a> compensation to the next kin of those dead in the terrorist attacks and 50,000 INR <i>ex gratia</i> to those seriously injured.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-38" title="">[39]</a></sup> An emergency meeting of Indian cabinet ministers was also held later during the day.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-39" title="">[40]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Minister_of_India" title="Foreign Minister of India" class="mw-redirect">Foreign Minister of India</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjee" title="Pranab Mukherjee">Pranab Mukherjee</a>, said he was going to raise the issue of 'cross-border terrorism' with Pakistan's government during his visit to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> next week.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-40" title="">[41]</a></sup> Indian Finance Minister, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Chidambaram" title="P. Chidambaram">P. Chidambaram</a>, said that the blasts won't affect India's business climate.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-41" title="">[42]</a></sup> India's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Advisor" title="National Security Advisor">National Security Advisor</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.K._Narayanan" title="M.K. Narayanan" class="mw-redirect">M.K. Narayanan</a>, said that the intelligence agencies were looking into all possible aspects of the blasts and no major breakthrough in ongoing investigations were made.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-42" title="">[43]</a></sup></p> <p>The Chief Minister of Rajasthan, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasundhara_Raje" title="Vasundhara Raje">Vasundhara Raje</a>, said "I condemn this blast. They have tried to ruin the communal harmony of the state but they will not succeed. Never in the history of Rajasthan such a heinous incident has happened and this is not an attack on the state but on the nation". She also added, "there are some slender leads on which the state agencies are working and its difficult to name any terror outfit at present". The Chief Minister also laid emphasis on a new anti-terror legislation either similar to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POTA" title="POTA" class="mw-redirect">POTA</a> or to the one in the neighbouring state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>. She also criticised the President of India for not signing an anti-terror bill passed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan_Legislative_Assembly" title="Rajasthan Legislative Assembly">Rajasthan Legislative Assembly</a> in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-43" title="">[44]</a></sup> Raje also expressed her concern that the terrorist attacks in Jaipur will negatively affect the tourism industry there.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-44" title="">[45]</a></sup> The Chief Minister also said that Rajasthan will have its own anti-terror force and also proposed a joint task force between Indian states.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-45" title="">[46]</a></sup></p> <p>India's main opposition party, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> (BJP), blamed the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliance" title="United Progressive Alliance">United Progressive Alliance</a> (UPA)-government for not taking adequate measures against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">terrorism in India</a> and re-newed calls for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POTA" title="POTA" class="mw-redirect">POTA</a> were made.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-46" title="">[47]</a></sup> The BJP also demanded that Pakistan's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a> should be on international terror watch-list.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-47" title="">[48]</a></sup> India's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_Opposition" title="Leader of Opposition" class="mw-redirect">Leader of Opposition</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._K._Advani" title="L. K. Advani" class="mw-redirect">L. K. Advani</a>, said "The blasts are reflective of the states' inability to preempt these strikes."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-48" title="">[49]</a></sup> Gujarat Chief Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> accused the UPA government of adopting double standards on terrorism and said, "The UPA-led government at the Centre should make the people realise that it is committed to curb terrorism spreading in our country."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-49" title="">[50]</a></sup>Ņ ņ Ŗ ŗ Ş ş Ţ ţ Đ đ Ů ů Ǎ ǎ Č</p> <p><a name="International_reactions" id="International_reactions"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: International reactions">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">International reactions</span></h3> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United Nations.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> - UN General Secretary <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a>'s spokesman said, "[Ban Ki-moon] strongly condemns such terrorist attacks, and sends his heartfelt sympathies to the Government of India and to the families of the victims."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-50" title="">[51]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Europe.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> - President of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Comission" title="European Comission" class="mw-redirect">European Comission</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Manuel_Barroso" title="Jose Manuel Barroso" class="mw-redirect">Jose Manuel Barroso</a>, said "On behalf of the European Commission and on my own behalf, allow me to offer you and the people of India our sincere condolences, and the expression of our deepest sympathy and solidarity with the families of the victims."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-51" title="">[52]</a></sup> In a statement the European Union members offered their "deepest condolences to the families of the victims." The EU also added, "These attacks clearly demonstrate that terrorism is a serious threat to all states and to all peoples. No cause, no grievance can justify acts of terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-52" title="">[53]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Afghanistan.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> - President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamid_Karzai" title="Hamid Karzai">Hamid Karzai</a> said he "understood India's pain" and that his government stands by the people of India in this hour of tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-support_53-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-support-53" title="">[54]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Australia.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> - Australian Foreign Ministry issued a statement saying, "the attack on a democratic, tolerant, open society is repugnant. Australian and Indian law enforcement agencies continue to work together in our common fight against terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-support_53-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-support-53" title="">[54]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Bangladesh.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="13" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> - Foreign Affairs advisor said, "It was a mindless and shameful act that deserves condemnation in the strongest terms. Our hearts go out to the families of the victims and sympathies to the Indian authorities. These are terrorists who have done this sordid and heinous deeds, and terrorists have no boundaries." The advisor also said that Indian media reports of linking the attacks to Bangladesh-based HuJI were premature.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-54" title="">[55]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Canada.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> - Foreign Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a> said, "On behalf of all Canadians, I extend my condolences to the families and friends of those who lost their lives, and I wish a speedy recovery to the injured. We stand firmly united with the government of India, a proud and strong democracy, in condemning these acts of terror. Among our [India and Canada] mutual priorities is close cooperation to fight terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-55" title="">[56]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Chile.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Chile.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/22px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> - A statement issued by Chile's Foreign Ministry said, "Chile's government would like to convey its deep condolences and expression of solidarity to the Indian authorities and the victims' relatives. Chile expresses its most emphatic repudiation and condemnation of these acts and hopes for the early recuperation of those injured in the attacks."<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-56" title="">[57]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_France.svg" class="image" title="Flag of France.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> - President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> expressed his deepest condolences over the "morrow of the blasts that have painfully plunged Jaipur in mourning. France most firmly condemns this barbaric and despicable act. I would like to express the solidarity of my country in the ordeal that you are suffering. France remains by your side in the fight against the scourge of terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-57" title="">[58]</a></sup> Foreign Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Kouchner" title="Bernard Kouchner">Bernard Kouchner</a> said "I wish to express my indignation and repugnance at the wave of attacks that have plunged the city of Jaipur into mourning. France is more than ever willing to intensify cooperation with India in the anti-terrorist struggle. Today we are at the side of India and the Indian people in the face of this inconceivable horror. We wish to assure the Indian government of our full support."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-58" title="">[59]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Israel.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="16" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> - Israeli embassy in New Delhi said in a statement that Israel understood the "enormity of the tragedy" and that "Israel extends its deepest condolences to the families of the victims and its wishes for the speedy recovery of those injured." The Israeli government also said that it was up to the [international] community to act in a "concerted and unified manner" to fight terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-IndiaTimes-condemn_2-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-IndiaTimes-condemn-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Pakistan.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> - Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yousaf_Raza_Gillani" title="Yousaf Raza Gillani">Yousaf Raza Gillani</a> released the following statement, "Pakistan condemns all acts of terrorism and reaffirms its firm commitment to fight this scourge together with the international community."<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg1_34-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-bloomberg1-34" title="">[35]</a></sup> Pakistan also proposed a joint 'anti-terrorism strategy' with India.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-59" title="">[60]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> - Foreign Ministry spokesman said, the "the Chinese government would like to express deep grief over the victims in the terrorist attack and convey sincere condolences to the relatives of the victims and those wounded in the attack. China is firmly opposed to terrorism of any form and is ready to work together with the international community to make unremitting efforts to safeguard world peace and stability."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-60" title="">[61]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Turkey.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="15" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> - Foreign Ministry said, "We share the grief of the Indian people. We extend our condolences to the families of the victims of the attacks as well as to the people and the Government of India. We also wish speedy recovery to those wounded. In this context, Turkey strongly condemns these heinous terrorist attacks which were aimed at disrupting the stability of India."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-61" title="">[62]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> - Foreign Minister Shaikh Abdullah bin Zayed al-Nahyan said, "UAE strongly condemns the blasts in Jaipur and expressed full solidarity with the government of India in its measures against terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-62" title="">[63]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United Kingdom.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="11" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> - Foreign Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Miliband" title="David Miliband">David Miliband</a> said, "Bombings in Jaipur have shown again the horrific destruction which terrorism brings. My thoughts are with the families of the victims and with those injured. There can never be any justification for acts of indiscriminate violence such as these, and I utterly condemn those who have perpetrated Tuesday's attacks. The UK will continue to stand with the government and people of India against terrorism in all its manifestations."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-63" title="">[64]</a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="image" title="Flag of the United States.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" class="thumbborder" border="0" width="22" height="12" /></a> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> - The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">US State Department</a> said in a statement, "There is no justification for the murder of innocent people. The United States stands with India in the fight to eliminate the scourge of terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg1_34-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-bloomberg1-34" title="">[35]</a></sup> The United States has also offered Indian security and intelligence agencies assistance in probing the attacks. <sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-64" title="">[65]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><a name="Effect_on_IPL" id="Effect_on_IPL"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Effect on IPL</span></h3> <p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Premier_League" title="Indian Premier League">Indian Premier League</a> (IPL) donated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rupee" title="Indian Rupee" class="mw-redirect">Rs.</a> 60 million (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US$" title="US$" class="mw-redirect">US$</a>1.4 million) to the Chief Minister relief fund. Each of the eight IPL teams donated 5 million INR while each of the five official sponsors donated an additional 4 million INR.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-65" title="">[66]</a></sup> Jaipur's local IPL team, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan_Royals" title="Rajasthan Royals">Rajasthan Royals</a>, demanded extra security,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-66" title="">[67]</a></sup> to which IPL management agreed.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-67" title="">[68]</a></sup> All the IPL matches scheduled for Jaipur were temporarily put on hold but IPL Chairman, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalit_Modi" title="Lalit Modi">Lalit Modi</a>, confirmed that Jaipur will host the Rajasthan Royals' match on Saturday.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-68" title="">[69]</a></sup> Modi also said that carry-on bags were banned at all venues where the IPL matches are to be played.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_2008_Jaipur_bombings#cite_note-69" title="">[70]</a></sup></p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-88858648031474017552008-09-24T03:05:00.000-07:002008-09-24T03:08:14.028-07:00Lashkar-e-Toiba - some stupid people call themselves jehadis- that is exploding bombs to kill people who even dont care wat even the government is doi<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>Lashkar-e-Toiba</span></span></h1><!-- start content --> <p><b>Lashkar-e-Taiba</b> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_language" title="Urdu language" class="mw-redirect">Urdu</a>: <b>لشكرِ طيبه</b> <i>laškar-ĕ ṯaiyyiba</i>, literally <i>Army of the Pure</i>, also transliterated as <b>Lashkar-i-Tayyaba</b>, <b>Lashkar-e-Tayyaba</b>, <b>Lashkar-e-Tayyiba</b> or <b>Lashkar-i-Taiba</b>) is one of the largest and most active <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamist" title="Islamist" class="mw-redirect">Islamist</a> militant organizations in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafiz_Muhammad_Saeed" title="Hafiz Muhammad Saeed">Hafiz Muhammad Saeed</a><sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> founded the organization in Kunar province, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>. Lashkar-e-Taiba is currently based near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and operates several militant training camps in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan-administered_Kashmir" title="Pakistan-administered Kashmir">Pakistan-administered Kashmir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup> Lashkar-e-Taiba members have carried out major attacks against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and its primary objective is to end Indian rule in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup> Some breakaway Lashkar members have also been accused for carrying out attacks in Pakistan, particularly in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, to mark its opposition to the policies of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup>The organization is banned as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_organization" title="Terrorist organization" class="mw-redirect">terrorist organization</a> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup> the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_5-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-BBC-5" title="">[6]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup> According to some sources, Laskar-e-Taiba renamed itself to <b>Jamaat al-Dawat</b> in January 2002 to escape the ban imposed by the Pakistani government.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup></p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Objective"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Objective</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Leadership_and_command_structure"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Leadership and command structure</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Funding"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Funding</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Activities"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Activities</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Operational_strategies"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Operational strategies</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Role_in_India-Pakistan_relations"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Role in India-Pakistan relations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Area_of_operation"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Area of operation</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#External_linkages"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External linkages</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Role_in_Afghanistan"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Role in Afghanistan</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#Recent_focus_on_Lashkar-e-Taiba"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Recent focus on Lashkar-e-Taiba</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#References"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="History" id="History"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">History</span></h2> <p>Formed in 1991 in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunar" title="Kunar">Kunar</a> province of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, the Lashkar-e-Taiba is the military wing of the Markaz-ud-Dawa-wal-Irshad (MDI), an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic" title="Islamic" class="mw-redirect">Islamic</a> fundamentalist organisation of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ahle-Hadith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahle-Hadith (page does not exist)">Ahle-Hadith</a> sect in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. The MDI is based in Muridke near Lahore (Punjab), Pakistan and is headed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prof._Hafiz_Muhammad_Saeed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prof. Hafiz Muhammad Saeed (page does not exist)">Prof. Hafiz Muhammad Saeed</a>, who is also the Amir of the LeT. He now heads an Islamic charity, Jamaat ud Dawa (JUD, or Party of the Calling), which is thought to be a front for the armed group. Its first presence in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a> and Kashmir (J&K) was recorded in 1993 when 12 Pakistani and Afghan <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercenaries" title="Mercenaries" class="mw-redirect">mercenaries</a> infiltrated across the Line of Control (LoC) in tandem with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islami_Inquilabi_Mahaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islami Inquilabi Mahaz (page does not exist)">Islami Inquilabi Mahaz</a>, another Islamic military organization then active in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poonch" title="Poonch">Poonch</a> district of J&K<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup>.</p> <p>Following the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> notification of the outfit as a foreign "terrorist" organization, which put pressure on the Pakistani government to curb overt activities of the organization, the top leadership of MDI initiated a reshuffle of the parent outfit. Presently, the MDI claims that it has been reorganized into two independent wings- one exclusively devoted to preaching of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> with Prof. Hafiz Muhammad Saeed as its chief and the other to carry on its violent campaign in Kashmir under the leadership of Kashmiri scholar <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maulana_Abdul_Wahid_Kashmiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maulana Abdul Wahid Kashmiri (page does not exist)">Maulana Abdul Wahid Kashmiri</a>.</p> <p>Unlike other militant groups in Pakistan, it was not responsible for the sectarian violence in Pakistan until it was officially banned by the Government of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup> Though the group was banned in 2002 by the Pakistani government,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup> clandestine support by army and intelligence officers is often mentioned in media reports<sup id="cite_ref-MBL_12-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-MBL-12" title="">[13]</a></sup>. the Pakistan government categorically denies providing any support to LeT<sup id="cite_ref-MBL_12-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-MBL-12" title="">[13]</a></sup>. The party JUD is legal in Pakistan, although it was banned by the United States in April 2006. The head was arrested by Pakistan, possibly under pressure from the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup></p> <p>The declaration of LeT as a terrorist organization by the United States Secretary of State in 2003 preserves the U.S. Government’s ability to take action against them in accordance with the provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act, making it illegal for persons in the United States or subject to U.S. jurisdiction to provide material support to this terrorist groups. It requires U.S. financial institutions to block assets held by them; and it enables them to deny visas to representatives of this group.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup>.But as with various other militant organizations they continue their operations, accounts and various other activities through other sister organizations that have not come under the U.S. and Pakistan scanners.</p> <p><a name="Objective" id="Objective"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Objective</span></h2> <table style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 5px; margin-left: 15px; text-align: center; font-size: 85%; width: 17em;" class="box" align="right"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding: 0.2em; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 5px; font-size: larger;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Organizations listed as terrorist groups by India</a></th> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="papayawhip"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North-East_India" title="North-East India">Northeastern India</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td>National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Isak-Muivah (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NSCN-IM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NSCN-IM (page does not exist)">NSCN-IM</a>)<br />Naga National Council-Federal (NNCF)<br />National Council of Nagaland-Khaplang<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULFA" title="ULFA" class="mw-redirect">United Liberation Front of Asom</a><br />People's Liberation Army<br />Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup (KYKL)<br />Zomi Revolutionary Front<br /></td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="papayawhip"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_India" title="North India">North India</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babbar_Khalsa" title="Babbar Khalsa">Babbar Khalsa</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhindranwala_Tigers_Force_of_Khalistan" title="Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan">Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Maoist%29" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">Communist Party of India (Maoist)</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashmesh_Regiment" title="Dashmesh Regiment">Dashmesh Regiment</a><br />International Sikh Youth Federation (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISYF" title="ISYF" class="mw-redirect">ISYF</a>)<br />Kamagata Maru Dal of Khalistan<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalistan_Armed_Force" title="Khalistan Armed Force">Khalistan Armed Force</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalistan_Liberation_Force" title="Khalistan Liberation Force">Khalistan Liberation Force</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalistan_Commando_Force" title="Khalistan Commando Force">Khalistan Commando Force</a><br />Khalistan Liberation Army<br />Khalistan Liberation Front<br />Khalistan Liberation Organisation<br />Khalistan National Army<br />Khalistan Guerilla Force<br /><p>Khalistan Security Force<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalistan_Zindabad_Force" title="Khalistan Zindabad Force">Khalistan Zindabad Force</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaheed_Khalsa_Force" title="Shaheed Khalsa Force">Shaheed Khalsa Force</a><br /></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="papayawhip"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td><strong class="selflink">Lashkar-e-Toiba</strong><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizbul_Mujahideen" title="Hizbul Mujahideen">Hizbul Mujahideen</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkat-ul-Mujahideen" title="Harkat-ul-Mujahideen">Harkat-ul-Mujahideen</a><br />Farzandan-e-Milat<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Jihad_Council" title="United Jihad Council">United Jihad Council</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMI" title="SIMI">Student Islamic movement of india</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="papayawhip"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_India" title="Central India" class="mw-redirect">Central India</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_People%27s_War" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War">People's war group</a><br />Balbir militias<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxals" title="Naxals" class="mw-redirect">Naxals</a><br />Ranvir Sena<br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Terrorist_organisations_active_in_India" title="Template:Terrorist organisations active in India"><span title="View this template" style="">v</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Terrorist_organisations_active_in_India" title="Template talk:Terrorist organisations active in India"><span style="color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template">d</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Terrorist_organisations_active_in_India&action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Terrorist_organisations_active_in_India&action=edit" rel="nofollow"><span style="color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></span> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The LeT's professed ideology goes beyond merely challenging India's sovereignty over the State of Jammu and Kashmir. The Lashkar's agenda, as outlined in a pamphlet titled "Why are we waging jihad", includes the restoration of Islamic rule over all parts of South Asia, Russia and even China. Further, the outfit is based on a sort of Islamist fundamentalism preached by its mentor, the JuD. It seeks to bring about a union of all Muslim majority regions in countries that surround Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></p> <p>The outfit had claimed that it had assisted the Taliban militia and Osama bin Laden's Al-Qaeda network in Afghanistan during November and December 2002 in their fight against the US-aided <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan_Northern_Alliance" title="Afghan Northern Alliance" class="mw-redirect">Northern Alliance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Leadership_and_command_structure" id="Leadership_and_command_structure"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Leadership and command structure</span></h2> <p>The outfit's headquarters was located in the MDI’s complex at Muridke near Lahore until late 2001 when they had to shift its headquarters from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muridke" title="Muridke">Muridke</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzaffarabad" title="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</a>; this was undertaken mainly for political reasons (including detachment from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jama%27at-ud-Da%27awa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jama'at-ud-Da'awa (page does not exist)">Jama'at-ud-Da'awa</a> and pressure from the Pakistan government), although the MDI has claimed that the LeT has shifted all its facilities and offices because the outfit needed more space and since it formed a new General Council.</p> <p>The new Council comprises Maulana Abdul Wahid Kashmiri (the Supreme Leader), with Zaki ur Rehman Lakhwi as the 'Supreme Commander' within Jammu & Kashmir. Other members of the General Council are - Abdullah of Anantnag (Islamabad) - Haji Mohammad Azam of Poonch - Muzammil Butt of Doda - Mohammad Umair of Baramullah - Chaudhri Abdullah Khalid Chauhan of Bagh - Rafiq Akhtar of Muzaffarabad - Aftab Hussain of Kotli - Faisal Dar of Srinagar - Chaudhri Yusuf of Mirpur - Maulana Mohammad Sharif Balghari of Baltistan -</p> <p>Until these new organisational changes, the organisational level of the Lashkar-e-Taiba was led by its Amir, Prof. Hafiz Muhammad Saeed and the operational chief of the outfit was reported to be 'commander' Saifullah. Organisation's field structure in Jammu & Kashmir is organised at district levels with 'district commanders' in charge. Within Pakistan, the outfit has a network of training camps and branch offices, which undertake recruitment and fundraising.</p> <p><a name="Funding" id="Funding"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Funding</span></h2> <p>Until 2002 the group collected funds through public fundraising events<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup>, usually using charity boxes in shops and mosques. With development of humanitarian work of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jama%27at-ud-Da%27wah" title="Jama'at-ud-Da'wah">Jama'at-ud-Da'wah</a>, it has expanded its humanitarian efforts. In fact aid for the Oct. 8th earthquake from most Indian organiations was entrusted to Jama'at-ud-Da'wah. They were the first on the scene of Margalla Towers in F-10, Islamabad - before the government, the army or civilians<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup>. To date they have built numerous temporary mosques, clinics, houses and set up camp for the victims of the earthquakes.</p> <p>A large amount of funds collected for charities within <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, mostly by misleading Pakistani-Muslim community in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK" title="UK" class="mw-redirect">Britain</a> are funneled for the activities of Lashkar-e-Taiba<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup>. There have been countless investigations indicating the aid given for earthquake victims was directly involved to expand Lashkar-e-Taiba's activities within India<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup>. Lashkar-e-Taiba operatives have been apprehended in India, where they have been obtaining funds from sections of the Muslim Community.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a></sup></p> <p>The outfit also collects donations from the Pakistani immigrant community in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, Islamic Non-Governmental Organisations, and Pakistani and Kashmiri businessmen.They do to hide their terrorist activities under the guise of charity.<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup>.</p> <p><a name="Activities" id="Activities"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Activities</span></h2> <p>The group actively carries out attacks on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> armed forces in Jammu and Kashmir and still operates in the jungles in Pakistan. It is considered a well-trained terrorist group.<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State" title="Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> in a notification on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_26" title="December 26">December 26</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> designated Lashkar-e-Taiba as a foreign terrorist organisation. The Lashkar-e-Taiba group has repeatedly claimed through its journals and websites that its main aim is to destroy the Indian republic and to annihilate Hinduism and Judaism. LeT has declared <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus" class="mw-redirect">Hindus</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jews" title="Jews" class="mw-redirect">Jews</a> to be the "enemies of Islam", as well as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> to be the "enemies of Pakistan".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a></sup>. Apart from conducting terrorism, it is also known to conduct training camps and humanitarian work with regards to the earthquake. These camps have long been tolerated by the Pakistan's powerful <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a> (ISI) agency because of their usefulness against India and in Afghanistan, though they have been told not to mount any operations for now.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a></sup> Lashkar-e-Taiba had links to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jama%27at-ud-Da%27wah" title="Jama'at-ud-Da'wah">Jama'at-ud-Da'wah</a>, however Jama'at-ud-Da'wah publicly retracted any association with them after the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> declared Lashkar-e-Taiba to be a terrorist organisation.</p> <p>Lashkar-e-Taiba was banned<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a></sup> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> in 2002 and is banned in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a> following its banning by the United States in the end of 2001.</p> <p><br />Several American Muslims, including members of the so-called “Virginia Jihad Network,” were convicted of training at LET camps in Kashmir and Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Operational_strategies" id="Operational_strategies"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Operational strategies</span></h2> <p>Compared to other groups in J&K, the LeT has commanded significant attention primarily due to two reasons. First, for its well planned and executed attacks on security force (SF) targets in the State and second, for the dramatic massacres of non-Muslim civilians. After the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War</a> of May-July 1999, (when Pakistani troops and insurgents, including those of the Lashkar, were forced to withdraw from peaks on the Indian side of the Line of Control - LoC), the outfit launched its 'suicide attacks' strategy whereby small groups (2-5 members) of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidayeen" title="Fidayeen" class="mw-redirect">fidayeen</a> (suicide squads) would storm a security force camp or base<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup>. In another frequently used strategy, groups of Lashkar insurgents, dressed in SF fatigues, would arrive at remote hill villages, round up Hindu or Sikh civilians, and massacre them.<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup> These two strategies have been designed to achieve maximum publicity and extract public allegiance, mainly out of fear. On December 8, 2001, two LeT fidayeen managed to penetrate inside a security force convoy and opened fire killing one personnel. They were able to generate adequate confusion to escape from the convoy after the attack but were later killed in an encounter with another SF unit.</p> <p>In some fidayeen attacks launched by the LeT, the terrorists entrenched themselves inside the camp, killing as many SF personnel as they could, before they were themselves killed. In one such instance, two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar" title="Lashkar">Lashkar</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidayeen" title="Fidayeen" class="mw-redirect">fidayeen</a> stormed an SF base at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wazir_Bagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wazir Bagh (page does not exist)">Wazir Bagh</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a>, on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_26" title="March 26">March 26</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>, and shot dead four personnel before being killed. In certain incidents, members of the squad are reported to have successfully fled after the initial attack. Such was the case at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mendhar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mendhar (page does not exist)">Mendhar</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajouri" title="Rajouri" class="mw-redirect">Rajouri</a> district, on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">December 16</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> as also at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahore" title="Mahore" class="mw-redirect">Mahore</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udhampur" title="Udhampur">Udhampur</a> district, on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>.</p> <p>The Lashkar-e-Taiba, according to a news report of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>, was responsible for 35 of the 42 such suicide attacks carried out since 1999. More than the number of casualties of the security forces, it is the psychological impact of these attacks that has led to the Lashkar gaining widespread attention.</p> <p>LeT cadres, unlike other militants, are known to prefer death in an encounter with the security forces rather than be arrested. For instance, in 1997, the largest group of militants killed in clashes with the security forces belonged to the Lashkar-e-Taiba. Majority of the massacres of unarmed Hindus and Sikhs between March 1997 and October 2001 have reportedly been carried out by the LeT.<sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup> One instance is the murder of 23 persons in Wandhama on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a>. A second instance is the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>, massacre in which 25 members of a wedding party in Doda, Jammu were killed. The extreme level of brutality, which sets Lashkar-e-Taiba apart from other rebel outfits that operated in Kashmir before, is evident in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wandhama_massacre" title="Wandhama massacre">Wandhama massacre</a>, where children as young as one year old were killed along with women and defenseless men.</p> <p><a name="Role_in_India-Pakistan_relations" id="Role_in_India-Pakistan_relations"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Role in India-Pakistan relations</span></h2> <p>Pakistan denies giving orders to Lashkar-e-Taiba's activities. However, the Indian government and many non-governmental think-tanks allege that the Pakistani <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">Inter-Services Intelligence</a> is involved with the group <sup id="cite_ref-satp_9-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-satp-9" title="">[10]</a></sup>. The situation with LeT causes considerable strain in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_relations" title="Indo-Pakistani relations">Indo-Pakistani relations</a>, which are already mired in suspicion and mutual distrust.</p> <p><a name="Area_of_operation" id="Area_of_operation"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Area of operation</span></h2> <p>While the primary area of operations of the Lashkar-e-Taiba’s militant activities is the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> valley, the outfit is also active in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a> region besides having undertaken isolated attacks in other parts of India. The Lashkar is reported to have conducted several of its major operations in tandem with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizb-ul-Mujahideen" title="Hizb-ul-Mujahideen" class="mw-redirect">Hizb-ul-Mujahideen</a>. The Kashmiri cadre of the HM provide vital knowledge of the ground conditions in the target zone, while the highly trained and motivated LeT insurgents undertake the attack.</p> <p>The LeT was also reported to have been directed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">ISI</a> to widen its network in the Jammu region where a considerable section of the populace comprised Punjabis. The LeT that has a large number of activists who hail from Pakistani Punjab can thus effectively penetrate into Jammu society<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a></sup>.</p> <p>News reports, citing security forces, said that the latter suspect that in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> attack on India’s Parliament in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, a joint group from the LeT and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a> (JeM) were involved. The LeT was also held responsible by the government for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> attack in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Fort" title="Red Fort">Red Fort</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a></sup>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>. LeT confirmed its participation in the Red Fort attack and its involvement in the Parliament attack.</p> <p>LeT cadres have also been arrested from different cities of India. On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_27" title="May 27">May 27</a>, a LeT militant was arrested from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajipur" title="Hajipur">Hajipur</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>. On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>, a LeT militant was arrested from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatinda" title="Bhatinda" class="mw-redirect">Bhatinda</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_%28India%29" title="Punjab (India)">Punjab</a>. The LeT has also built contacts with other Islamist militant outfits active in India. An arrested activist of the proscribed <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_Islamic_Movement_of_India" title="Students Islamic Movement of India">Students Islamic Movement of India</a> (SIMI), is reported to have confessed during interrogation on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">August 21</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>, that two LeT militant had held discussions with SIMI’s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malegaon" title="Malegaon">Malegaon</a> unit in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> to carry out subversive activities in the State of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>.</p> <p><a name="External_linkages" id="External_linkages"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">External linkages</span></h2> <p>The Lashkar-e-Taiba was created to participate in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujahideen" title="Mujahideen">Mujahideen</a> conflict against the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Najibullah" title="Najibullah" class="mw-redirect">Najibullah</a> regime in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>. In the process, the outfit developed deep linkages with Afghanistan and has several Afghan nationals in its cadre. The outfit had also cultivated links with the former <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> regime in Afghanistan and also with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> and his <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Qaeda" title="Al Qaeda" class="mw-redirect">Al Qaeda</a> network<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a></sup>. Even while refraining from openly displaying these links, the LeT office in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muridke" title="Muridke">Muridke</a> was reportedly used as a transit camp for third country recruits heading for Afghanistan<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a></sup>. A news report in the aftermath of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11_terrorist_attacks" title="September 11 terrorist attacks" class="mw-redirect">September 11 terrorist attacks</a> in the U.S. has indicated that the outfit provides terrorists for the outer circle of bin Laden’s personal security.</p> <p>The outfit collects donations from the Pakistani community in the Persian Gulf and United Kingdom, Islamic Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), and Pakistani and Kashmiri businessmen<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a></sup>. The LeT maintains ties to various religious/military groups around the world, ranging from the Philippines to the Middle East and Chechnya primarily through the MDI fraternal network.</p> <p>Reports also indicate that the LeT receives considerable financial, material and other forms of assistance from the Pakistan government, routed primarily through the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">ISI</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wpost_29-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-Wpost-29" title="">[30]</a></sup>. Pakistan’s security agencies are reported to be providing training to the outfit. A December 13, 2001 news report cited a LeT spokesperson as saying that the outfit wanted to avoid a clash with the Pakistani Government<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-30" title="">[31]</a></sup>. He claimed, even though the government has been an ardent supporter of all Muslim freedom movements, particularly that of Kashmir, in the present conditions a clash was possible because of the sudden wedge that appeared between the interests of the government and those of terrorist outfits active in J&K.</p> <p>According to the declaration of LeT operatives, the Pakistan Army, particularly in the borders with India (the International Border and the Line of Control - LoC) aids members of the outfit in their infiltration, extraction and clashes with Indian security forces near the borders by providing covering fire<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-31" title="">[32]</a></sup>.</p> <p>The Markaz campus at Muridke in Lahore, its headquarters, was used as a hide-out for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramzi_Yousef" title="Ramzi Yousef">Ramzi Yousef</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir_Aimal_Kansi" title="Mir Aimal Kansi" class="mw-redirect">Mir Aimal Kansi</a>, who was convicted and sentenced to death for killing two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> (CIA) officers outside the CIA’s headquarters in Washington in January 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-32" title="">[33]</a></sup></p> <p><a name="Role_in_Afghanistan" id="Role_in_Afghanistan"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Role in Afghanistan</span></h2> <p>Guantanamo detainee <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalid_Bin_Abdullah_Mishal_Thamer_Al_Hameydani" title="Khalid Bin Abdullah Mishal Thamer Al Hameydani" class="mw-redirect">Khalid Bin Abdullah Mishal Thamer Al Hameydani</a>'s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combatant_Status_Review_Tribunal" title="Combatant Status Review Tribunal">Combatant Status Review Tribunal</a> said that he had received training at Lashkar e-Taiba.<sup id="cite_ref-CsrtAlHameydani_33-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-CsrtAlHameydani-33" title="">[34]</a></sup></p> <p>The Combatant Status Review Tribunals of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taj_Mohammed" title="Taj Mohammed">Taj Mohammed</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiq_Bin_Bashir_Bin_Jalud_Al_Hami" title="Rafiq Bin Bashir Bin Jalud Al Hami">Rafiq Bin Bashir Bin Jalud Al Hami</a>, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_Review_Board" title="Administrative Review Board">Administrative Review Board</a> hearing of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Mujahid" title="Abdullah Mujahid">Abdullah Mujahid</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zia_Ul_Shah" title="Zia Ul Shah">Zia Ul Shah</a> allege that they too were members or former members of Lashkar-e-Taiba.<sup id="cite_ref-CsrtMohammed_34-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-CsrtMohammed-34" title="">[35]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CsrtAlHami_35-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-CsrtAlHami-35" title="">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ArbMujahid_36-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-ArbMujahid-36" title="">[37]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ArbShah_37-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Toiba#cite_note-ArbShah-37" title="">[38]</a></sup></p> <p>Also, the Lashkar is claimed to have operated a military camp in post-Sept 11 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, and extending support to the ousted <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> regime.</p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5045286108960404711.post-57490743530858490902008-09-24T03:04:00.000-07:002008-09-24T03:05:19.698-07:00Vishva Hindu Parishad - A group of assholes thinking of ways to remove already weak Muslims...<h1 class="firstHeading"><span><span>Vishva Hindu Parishad</span></span></h1><table class="infobox" style="width: 14em; text-align: center;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <th style="background: rgb(255, 197, 105) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 95%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">Major parties</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiv_Sena" title="Shiv Sena">Shiv Sena</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhil_Bharatiya_Hindu_Mahasabha" title="Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha">Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha</a></p> <p><i>Defunct parties</i><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Jana_Sangh" title="Bharatiya Jana Sangh">Bharatiya Jana Sangh</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Rajya_Parishad" title="Ram Rajya Parishad">Ram Rajya Parishad</a></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: rgb(255, 197, 105) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 95%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">Ideas</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%;"> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral_humanism" title="Integral humanism">Integral humanism</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu nationalism</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: rgb(255, 197, 105) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 95%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">Major figures</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%;"> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandit_Madan_Mohan_Malaviya" title="Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya" class="mw-redirect">Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhav_Sadashiv_Golwalkar" title="Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar">Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keshava_Baliram_Hedgewar" title="Keshava Baliram Hedgewar" class="mw-redirect">Keshava Baliram Hedgewar</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syama_Prasad_Mookerjee" title="Syama Prasad Mookerjee">Syama Prasad Mookerjee</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deendayal_Upadhyaya" title="Deendayal Upadhyaya">Deendayal Upadhyaya</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee" title="Atal Bihari Vajpayee">Atal Bihari Vajpayee</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lal_Krishna_Advani" title="Lal Krishna Advani">Lal Krishna Advani</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal_Thackeray" title="Bal Thackeray">Bal Thackeray</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: rgb(255, 197, 105) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 95%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">Related authors</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%;"> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koenraad_Elst" title="Koenraad Elst">Koenraad Elst</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> ·</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francois_Gautier" title="Francois Gautier" class="mw-redirect">Francois Gautier</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sita_Ram_Goel" title="Sita Ram Goel">Sita Ram Goel</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> ·</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._S._Lal" title="K. S. Lal">K. S. Lal</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harsh_Narain" title="Harsh Narain">Harsh Narain</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> ·</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvette_Rosser" title="Yvette Rosser">Yvette Rosser</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arun_Shourie" title="Arun Shourie">Arun Shourie</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> ·</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Swarup" title="Ram Swarup">Ram Swarup</a></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: 90%; text-align: center;"> <hr /> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Government_of_India" title="Portal:Government of India">Government of India</a></p> <hr /></th> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="padding: 0pt; background-color: transparent; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;">This box: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Hindu_politics" title="Template:Hindu politics"><span title="View this template" style="">view</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Hindu_politics" title="Template talk:Hindu politics"><span style="color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template">talk</span></a> <span style="font-size: 80%;">•</span> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Hindu_politics&action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Hindu_politics&action=edit" rel="nofollow"><span style="color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">edit</span></a></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space: normal; text-decoration: none;" lang="sa-Latn" lang="sa-Latn">Viśva Hindū Pariṣad</span></b> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devan%C4%81gar%C4%AB" title="Devanāgarī" class="mw-redirect">Devanāgarī</a>: विश्व हिन्दु परिषद, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>: <span lang="en" lang="en"><i>World Hindu Council</i></span>), widely recognized by its initials 'VHP' and the more common spelling <i>Vishwa Hindu Parishad</i>, is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> organization in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, an offshoot of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh" title="Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh">Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh</a>. It was founded in 1964. Its slogan is "धर्मो रक्षति रक्षितः <i>Dharmo rakṣati rakṣitaḥ</i>", which means "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a> protects when protected." Its symbol is the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banyan" title="Banyan">banyan</a> tree.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle"><br /></span></div> <ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#Growth_in_1980s"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Growth in 1980s</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#The_Ayodhya_Dispute"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">The Ayodhya Dispute</span></a></li></ul> </li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#Ideology"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Ideology</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#Organization_and_leadership"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Organization and leadership</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#Criticism"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Criticism</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p><a name="History" id="History"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">History</span></h2> <p>The Vishwa Hindu Parishad was formed in 1964 by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinmayananda" title="Chinmayananda">Swami Chinmayananda</a> as president and former RSS member S.S. Apte as general secretary, with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Tara_Singh" title="Master Tara Singh">Master Tara Singh</a> as one of the co-founders<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>. It was first mooted at a conference in Pawai, Sandipani Sadhanalaya,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_29" title="August 29">August 29</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>. The conference was hosted by RSS sarsanghchalak M.S. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golwalkar" title="Golwalkar" class="mw-redirect">Golwalkar</a>. The date coincided with the festival of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janmashtami" title="Janmashtami" class="mw-redirect">Janmashtami</a>. Several representatives from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu">Hindu</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jain" title="Jain" class="mw-redirect">Jain</a> faiths were present in the meeting, as well as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso,_14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a>. Golwalkar explained that "all faiths of Indian origins need to unite", saying that the word "Hindu" (i.e people of "Hindustan") applied to adherents of all the above religions<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_1-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-Smith-1" title="">[2]</a></sup>. Apte declared:</p> <blockquote> <p>The world has been divided to Christian, Islam and Communist. All of them view Hindu society as very fine rich food on which to feast and fatten themselves. it is necessary in this age of conflict to think of and organize the Hindu world to save it from the evils of all the three<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_1-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-Smith-1" title="">[2]</a></sup>.</p> </blockquote> <p>It was decided at the meeting that the name of the proposed organisation would be Vishva Hindu Parishad and that a world convention of Hindus was to be held at Prayag (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allahabad" title="Allahabad">Allahabad</a>) during <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumbha" title="Kumbha">Kumbha</a> Mela of 1966 to launch the organisation. It was further decided that it shall be a non-political organisation and that no office bearer of any political party shall be simultaneously an office bearer in the Parishad. The following aims and objectives were set before the Parishad.</p> <ol><li>To consolidate and strengthen the Hindu Society.</li><li>To protect, promote and propagate Hindu values of life, the ethical and the spiritual in the context of modern times.</li><li>To keep in touch with all the Hindus living abroad, and to organise and help them in all possible ways in protecting their Hindu identity also popularly known as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a>.</li></ol> <p><a name="Growth_in_1980s" id="Growth_in_1980s"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Growth in 1980s</span></h3> <p>The growth of this Movement to ban cow slaughter in the late 1950s and early 1960s gave rise to the VHP. Initially, the VHP mainly worked among the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheduled_Caste" title="Scheduled Caste" class="mw-redirect">Scheduled Castes</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheduled_Tribe" title="Scheduled Tribe" class="mw-redirect">Scheduled Tribes</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Other_Backward_Class" title="Other Backward Class">Other Backward Classes</a>, setting up hospitals, temples and schools for the much-neglected lower class Hindu society<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_1-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-Smith-1" title="">[2]</a></sup>.</p> <p>For over 20 years, the VHP conducted peaceful demonstrations, petitions and tried by litigation to liberate the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Janmabhoomi" title="Ram Janmabhoomi">Ram Janmabhoomi</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a> was in a dilapidated condition and not used for worship or any religious activity by the city's Muslims. For years the VHP amassed public support and a broader membership in its organisation. In 1984, it founded the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a> as its youth wing (<i>Bajrang</i> is one of the many names of Lord <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>, the most loyal disciple and follower of Lord <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>). Bajrang Dal members were more militant in their attitude and activities. Other arms of the VHP, including Sewa International expanded charities and service projects such as alleviating poverty-stricken Hindus, opening schools and hospitals, spreading religious and cultural awareness, and actively working against the proselytizing efforts of Christians and Muslims.</p> <p>In the late 1980s, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BJP" title="BJP" class="mw-redirect">BJP</a> brought the temple issue to the centerstage of national politics, and the BJP and VHP began organising larger protests in Ayodhya and around the country. But the issue was continually ignored by fractious coalition governments and the secular-socialist Congress Party, as well as the courts.</p> <p>In the 80's The Vishva Hindu Parishad became so popular in Nepal that the then prime minister Nagendra Prasad Rijal along with the late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shadev held a conference held in Kathmandu in 1988 and declared Nepal The only Hindu Kingdom of the world.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since November 2007" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup></p> <p><a name="The_Ayodhya_Dispute" id="The_Ayodhya_Dispute"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">The Ayodhya Dispute</span></h3> <dl><dd> <div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Main articles: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayodhya_debate" title="Ayodhya debate">Ayodhya debate</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Janmabhoomi" title="Ram Janmabhoomi">Ram Janmabhoomi</a></i></div> </dd></dl> <p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a> was demolished by a large group of Hindus, who had been camped out at the site for weeks. Members of the VHP were allegedly part of this large group, as reported by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>. <a href="http://hrw.org/reports/2002/india/India0402-05.htm" class="external autonumber" title="http://hrw.org/reports/2002/india/India0402-05.htm" rel="nofollow">[2]</a>. The VHP claimed that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a> was built by demolishing the temple at the birthplace of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Janmabhoomi" title="Ram Janmabhoomi">Ram Janmabhoomi</a>). In their opinion , centuries ago, prior to the construction of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a>, a temple to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> had been on the same plot of ground and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a> was constructed after the Muslim Emperor, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babur" title="Babur">Babur</a>, demolished this Hindu temple. This claim is challenged by many Historians <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup>. An <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_India" title="Archaeological Survey of India">Archaeological Survey of India</a> report commissioned after the incident, stated that the archaeological ruins of a 10th century <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temple</a> were found beneath the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></p> <p>The demolition of the mosque in 1992 led to violence. Muslim mobs took to rioting in various parts of the country leading to communal violence and resultant police action <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup>. Over 900 people were killed across the country in riots and police action. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberhan_Commission" title="Liberhan Commission">Liberhan Commission</a> headed by Justice Liberhan was constituted to investigate the whole episode. A large number of VHP workers testified before the commission.</p> <p>The incident at the disputed structure came as a shock to many Indians, who had known the VHP as a peaceful organization<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since April 2007" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup>. In its defense, many VHP supporters have claimed that the VHP simply represented the increasing alienation and anger of India's Hindu community in response to marginalization by the government in favor of Muslim and Christian minorities. As far as VHP supporters were concerned, the Mosque demolition was an inevitable consequence of continuing prejudice against Hindus in post-independence India and their subsequent disaffection<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since June 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</span></sup>.</p> <p>In 2002, VHP activists returning from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayodhya" title="Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a> were <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhra_train_burning" title="Godhra train burning">burnt alive</a> in a train at Godhra Leading to the infamous <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Gujarat_violence" title="2002 Gujarat violence">Gujarat Riots</a>.</p> <p><a name="Ideology" id="Ideology"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Ideology</span></h2> <p>Continually criticizing its political ally the BJP for acting too slowly on the Ram temple issue, conversions and a uniform civil code, the VHP demands legislation from Parliament authorizing the temple construction, and the proclamation of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_Rashtra" title="Hindu Rashtra" class="mw-redirect">Hindu Rashtra</a>, literally the "Hindu Nation," in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_India#Bharat" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_India#Bharat" rel="nofollow">Bharat</a> and explains it as a statement of cultural nationalism. It claims not to deny Muslims fundamental rights and freedoms.</p> <p>The VHP says Bharat has historically been a Hindu nation, in culture, heritage and history. Islam was brought by foreign invaders who imposed and coerced it upon millions of Hindus (corroborated by many historic acts of temple destruction, pogroms and mass conversions); Christian missionaries brought in Christianity when the Portuguese, French and the British colonized the land. It is a fact that Christian missionaries often denigrated and demonized the Hindu religion to coerce native peoples into converting. While working to convert Christians, tribal peoples (native Hindus) and Muslims to Hinduism, the VHP states that all Muslims and Christians were Hindus in the first place, and that all citizens of Bharat are naturally Hindus. The VHP demands are broadly as follows.</p> <ul><li>Creation of Ram temple at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Janmabhoomi" title="Ram Janmabhoomi">Ram Janmabhoomi</a></li><li>End of alleged forcible conversions by Christian missionaries and Islamic institutions.</li><li>Ban on cow slaughter.</li><li>Declaration of India as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_Rashtra" title="Hindu Rashtra" class="mw-redirect">Hindu Rashtra</a>, literally Hindu Nation (note that this term includes all those who can trace their religious beliefs back to India, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhs</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhists</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jains</a>).</li><li>Tougher anti-terror laws and tougher penalties for terrorists.</li><li>Implementation of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Civil_Code" title="Uniform Civil Code" class="mw-redirect">Uniform Civil Code</a>.</li><li>Revocation of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_370" title="Article 370">Article 370</a> of the Indian Constitution.</li><li>Erasure of Casteism from Hindu society.</li></ul> <p>The stated goals of the organisation are as follows<sup id="cite_ref-VHP_6-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-VHP-6" title="">[7]</a></sup>:</p> <ol><li>To consolidate, strengthen and make invincible the global Hindu fraternity by following the eternal and universal life values based on Sanatan Dharma (i.e <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>) and work for total welfare of humanity on the basis of the unique cultural ethos of Bharatvarsha.</li><li>To promote activities of education, medical aid and relief to the poor or any other activity in the advancement of general public utility for furtherance of literature and scientific and socio-religious research.</li><li>There shall be no discrimination on the grounds of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>, sex, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caste" title="Caste">caste</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_%28classification_of_human_beings%29" title="Race (classification of human beings)">race</a> or colour at any time amongst the beneficiaries of the Association.</li><li>For fulfillment of above-mentioned objects if any activity is carried out which requires money to be collected in the form of sales, charges for boarding and lodging, distribution of books, literature etc., then the prices and charges will be such that as far as possible they will not yield any profit.</li></ol> <p>The VHP has recently engaged in several programs to reconvert Hindus who had previously converted to Christianity. VHP has advanced that conversion to Christianity had earned them no significant benefits and so their return to Hinduism was relatively straightforward<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a></sup>. The law enforcement authorities have reported that the conversion processes have largely been peaceful and voluntary. However, there has been some aggressive altercations associated regarding this issue, the subject of religious conversions being very controversial in many parts of India.</p> <p>In addition, the VHP has spoken out against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Fundamentalism" title="Islamic Fundamentalism" class="mw-redirect">Islamic Fundamentalism</a> and the rise of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamist" title="Islamist" class="mw-redirect">Islamist</a> terrorism in various parts of India in recent years. The VHP has organized awareness programs to educate people about Islamic terrorism and have criticized the central government for being soft on terror in order to cultivate Muslim votes. They have also protested against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a> by organizing business shutdowns ("Bandhs") as a gesture of civil disobedience<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a></sup>.</p> <dl><dd>The VHP has been a prime backer of the World Hindu Conference in which issues such as casteism, sectarianism, and the future of Hindus were discussed. Prior Conferences have included Hindu Groups such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parisada_Hindu_Dharma" title="Parisada Hindu Dharma">Parisada Hindu Dharma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a></sup></dd></dl> <p><a name="Organization_and_leadership" id="Organization_and_leadership"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Organization and leadership</span></h2> <p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a> is the youth wing of the VHP, and it is organized in many states in major training camps called <i>shakhas</i>, where thousands of young men simultaneously train in group activities, receive religious and cultural education and in many cases, self-defensive arms training. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga_Vahini" title="Durga Vahini">Durga Vahini</a>, founded in 1991 under the tutelage of Sadhvi Rithambara as its founding chairperson and the support of the VHP, is described as the "female arm of the Dal". Members of the Vahini contend that the portrayal of their group as a branch of the Bajrang Dal is an oversimplification, and that their goals are to "dedicate ourselves to physical, mental and knowledge development"<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a></sup>.</p> <p>The VHP organizes in community meets and shakhas throughout the country. Its national organisation is democratic, with an International Working President and an International General Secretary as their most important executives. However, only seasoned, senior leaders control the seats on the Central Council which will elevate men to the varying posts.</p> <p>The <i>Dharma Sansad</i> is literally a religious parliament, a gathering of Hindu seers, scholars and high priests from all over the country. They rule on policy and principles and advise the executive on social and cultural questions.</p> <p>The VHP and its religious parliament have no recognition in Hindu religion or society. The religious parliament is by no means the central authority of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papacy" title="Papacy" class="mw-redirect">Papacy</a> is to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Roman Catholic Church">Catholicism</a>. The VHP is an independent, modern organization of a socio-cultural nature, but also many political activities. It has many active branches in North America, South East Asia and East Africa, where large numbers of Hindus live. It is engaged in many social development activities in hundreds of villages in different parts of the country, helping in their economic alleviation and cultural revitalization.</p> <p>The VHP also have divisions comprising of women. During the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babri_Mosque" title="Babri Mosque">Babri Mosque</a>/<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjanmabhoomi" title="Ramjanmabhoomi" class="mw-redirect">Ramjanmabhoomi</a> dispute, VHP secretary Giri Raj Kishore charted out highly visible roles for women in the group. He charted out two "satyagrahas" for women during their demonstrations<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a></sup>.</p> <p><a name="Criticism" id="Criticism"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Criticism</span></h2> <p>The VHP along with other <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a> organisations are accused of several riots in the country, the most recent being their involvement in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Orissa_Violence" title="2007 Orissa Violence" class="mw-redirect">2007 Orissa Violence</a> and previously in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat_Carnage_2002" title="Gujarat Carnage 2002" class="mw-redirect">Gujarat riots in 2002</a> <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a></sup>. VHP leader <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashok_Singhal" title="Ashok Singhal">Ashok Singhal</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praveen_Togadia" title="Praveen Togadia">Praveen Togadia</a> had justified the Gujarat 2002 riots saying it "had the blessings of lord <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a></sup> The riots were claimed by the VHP to be a response to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhra_Train_Burning" title="Godhra Train Burning" class="mw-redirect">Godhra Train Burning</a> in which the VHP alleged that some "anti-social" elements had "burnt" the train carriage containing women and children of Hindu religious leaders. VHP is also accused of being involved in many incidents of violence against religious minorities and religious extremists. Some recent incidents involve torching churches in the Indian state of Orissa.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a></sup></p> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>See also: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissa_communal_violence" title="Orissa communal violence" class="mw-redirect">Orissa communal violence</a></i></span></dd></dl> <p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> in its annual human rights reports for 1999 named Vishva Hindu Parishad along with BJP, Shiv Sena, Bajrang Dal and RSS in incidents where they were said to have instigated violence against Christians and Christian institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHP#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a></sup>.</p>Shashank Agarwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04006177307175914931noreply@blogger.com0